Historia Wietnamu

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- WWoojjnnaa IInnddoocchhiinnsskkaa (( 11994455--11995544))
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2. Wczesne
Królestwa
179
P.N.E
Chart of History of Vietnam
Okres
dominacji
Chinki
Feudalny
dynastie
średniow
ieczne
938 N.E
Kolonizacj
a Francji
1858
Wojna
Indoch-inska
Wojna
Wietna-mska
1954
Dziszaj
1975
1945

3. Od Wczesnego Królestwa
Do 179 pne
• Według wietnamskich mitów, pierwsze ludzie
wietnamskie (100 osób) zóstały urodzony przez pary
smokowego i aniołowego (Imię tego pary po
Wietnamsku: Lac Long Quan (Smok) i Au Co (Anioł)).
• Ta para postanowiła rozstać: 50 dzieci poszli z ich
matką do góry; resta z ich ojciecem poszła do
morza, tworząc nasz kraj (Wietnam dziś)
• Ich najstarszy syn stał się pierwszym królem
Wietnamski z pierwszym panśtwem znane pod imiem
jako Van Lang.

4. Powiedzienie “Do widzenia!”

5. Świątynia Króla Hunga

7. Od Wczesnego Królestwa
Do 179 pne
• W trzecim wieku p.n.e, ostatni król dynastii
Hunga został obalony przez Thuc Phan (An
Duong Vuong), znany jako inna grupa
Wietnamski w tym czasie.
• W 179 roku p.n.e, wojsko chiny pokonało króla
An Duong Vuong, rozpoczynając okres
chińskiej dominacji przeciw Wietnamu (179
p.n.e - 938 n.e)

8. Świątynia Króla
Ana Duong Vuong

9. Feudalny dynastie średniowieczne
• W 938 r, Ngo Quyen, znany jako cnotliwy Pan,
pokonał wojska Południowej dynastii Hana
(dominował Wietnam w tym czasie) w bitwie
nad rzeką znana jako Bach Dang, zaczął okres
niepodległości dla Wietnamu.
• Po jego śmierci, feudalizm zaczął z Dynastii
(968-980) Dinha (nazwa Wietnamu: Dai Co
Viet). Następne dynastie: Ly (1009-1225)
(nazwa Wietnamu: Dai Viet); Tran (1225-
1400); Ho (1400-1407) (nazwa Wietnamu: Dai
Ngu); Le (1428 – 1527) (nazwa Wietnamu: Dai
Viet); Tay Son (1778-1802); Nguyen (1802-
1945)

10. Stakes in Bach
dang river

12. Kolonizacja Francji
• W 1858 roku, wojsko Francji zaatakowali
stanowisko Da Nang, rozpocznąc inwazję
Francji do Wietnamu, a to zostało
kompletowane w 1887 roku.

13. • In October 1887, French Indochina was
formed from Annam (central Vietnam),
Tonkin (Northern Vietnam), Cochinchina
(Southern Vietnam) and then added
Cambodia, Laos
• Politically, Cochinchina had the status of a
French colony. Annam was a protectorate
where the Nguyen Dynasty still ruled, and
Tonkin had a French Governor yet local
governments were run by Vietnamese
officials.

14. Schema of
French
Expansion
in Indochina

15. • After pacification of Vietnam,
French colonialism carried out a set
of colonial exploitation policies. They
invested capital in building railways,
factories, mines…that changed the
Vietnamese economy and Vietnamese
society into the orbit of capitalism.
• During the French colonization
happened many Vietnamese uprisings
against French colonists. There were
5 main socio-political movements.

16. • The first, Can Vuong movement was led by
former court officers and confucianists,
trying to rally the people to resist the
French. It went to the end in the last XIX
century
• The second, Dong Du movement (Go East)
was led by Phan Boi Chau. He sent many
Vietnamese students to Japan to learn
modern skill, organized a few Vietnamese
society in Japan. Due to French pressure,
Japan later deported Phan Boi Chau to
China.

17. Phan Chau Trinh Phan Boi Chau

18. • The forth, The Vietnam Quoc Dan Dang
(Vietnam National Party) consisted of a sort
of patriots (students, bourgeois, soldiers…).
It was modeled after the Guo Ming Tang in
China.
• The firth, Marxism movement. Before the
starting Marxism movement, the Vietnamese
revolution were lack of outline and leadership.
Marxism in beginning was introduced into
Vietnam with the emergence of three
separate communist groups (Indochinese
communists, Annamese communists and Indo
chinese communist Union). In 1930 Nguyen Ai
Quoc co-ordinated unification of 3 groups into
the Vietnamese Communist Party.

19. • In 1941, Ho Chi Minh (formally known as
Nguyen Ai Quoc) arrived in Northern Vietnam
to form Vietnam Front fighting for Vietnam’s
independence.
• In August 1945, the Japanese surrendered to
the Allies creating a power vaccum in
Vietnam. The Viet Minh launched “the August
Revolution” to seize power, ending the Nguyen
Dynasty and Japanese domination. On
September 2, 1945 Ho Chi Minh declared
Vietnam independent founding the Democratic
Republic of Vietnam. (DRV).

20. IndoChina war 1945-1954
• According to Alta conference among three
Powers, the USA, Soviet union and British
Kingdom, Chiang Kaishek’s army and the
British forces would disarm the Japanese in
Vietnam.
• Yet, August Revolution already occurred
before the Allies forces entered Vietnam. So
Ho Chi Minh government had to face the
dangerous situation: 20.000 British troops in
the South , and about the same quantity of
Chang Kaishek’s troops in the North , and in
addition was French colonists; all of them
planned squeezing the Revolution to death.

21. • Ho Chi Minh had to negotiate with Chang
Kaishek’s army, deported them back to China;
then he signed a temporary agreement with
the French, in March 1946 to get time for
preparing the war against the French.
• 1946-1950: Viet Minh troops were resisting
against the French without any international
helps, just in the end of 1950, Viet Minh
successfully opened the border with China and
began to receive some assistance from Mao
Zedong government.

22. Battle in Hanoi 1946

23. • Dien Bien Phu battle in 1954 led to the
collapse of French colonism in Vietnam.
• During the period of Indo china war, two
governments were established in Vietnam: Ho
Chi Minh’s government (1945) and Bao Dai’s
government (1949)
• In 1950, Bao Dai’s government gained
recognition from the United Kingdom and the
US
• In 1954, the Geneva conference was held for
peace and recognition of Vietnam
independence. But the powers purposely
ignored the Vietnamese willing, taking 17th
parallel to split the country into 2 states.

24. Occupying French commander’s tunel at Dien Bien Phu

25. Former Emperor
Bao Dai

27. Vietnam War
(The Resistance against the American’s
invasion)
• According to Geneva Accord, Vietnam has
temporarily to partition into two states at the 17th
parallel. But supported from the US government,
Ngo Dinh Diem, a former mandarin of Nguyen
Dynasty was selected as Premier of Bao Dai’s
state of Vietnam in 1954.
• Using the referendum in 1955, Diem deposed Bao
Dai and declared him as President of the Republic
of Vietnam (RVN). Since then the USA began to
provide military and economic aids to the RVN,
training RVN personnels, sending US advisors to
assist Diem’s government. They destroyed the
Geneva Accords, stopping the process of
unification of Vietnam.

28. Ngo Dinh Diem

29. Periods of War
Eisenhower
1954
Kennedy
1960
Johson
1965
Nixon
1968
Ford
1973 1975

30. • 1954-1960, The US helped Diem Government
to build an army , developed South Vietnam’s
economy.
• 1961-1964, The strategy “Special War”
supplied Dollars, military advisor to RVN.
• 1965-1968, the strategy “Local War”. 500,000
troops directly taking apart in war; Tet
offensive.
• 1969-1973, the strategy “Vietnamization War”.
-Jan-1973, Paris peace Agreement, the US
troops had to withdraw from Vietnam, civil war
rebegan.
-May/30th/1975 victory.

31. Occupying the Palace” Independence”April 30th 1975

32. Vietnam Today
• After the resistence against the American’s
invasion, Vietnam freely implemented
reunification of country.
• In 1976, Vietnam was renamed Socialist
Republic of Vietnam (SRVN)
• SRVN was of a centralized command economy.
For a decade, Vietnam’s economy was plagued
with inefficiency and corruption in state
programs, poor quality and underproduction
and restriction on economic activites and
trade. It also suffered from the trade
embargo from the US and most of European
countries.

33. • In 1986, Vietnam began economic reform
with market economy mechanism. Private
ownership was encouraged in industries,
commerce and agriculture.
Since then, Vietnam achieved around 7-8%
annual GDP growth from 1990 to 2007.
• In 1995, Vietnam officially became a
number of ASEAN and it was accepted
into WTO in November 7th ,2006.

34. THANK YOU !