Explore the Edwards Aquifer and its Impact on Endangered Species

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U.S. Water Alliance

Edwards Aquifer OWLS '14 Presentation

Environment

A Case Study of the Edwards Aquifer
Nathan Pence
Executive Director – Endangered Species Programs
Edwards Aquifer Authority

Edwards Aquifer
• Balcones Fault Zone
• Limestone and Artesian Aquifer
• Aquifer responds directly to pumping or recharge
• 4350 square miles
• Austin, San Marcos, New Braunfels, San Antonio
• Headwaters to San Marcos and Comal Springs

Edwards Aquifer cont.
• Guadalupe River baseflow
• Home to Endangered Species
• Comal Springs Dryopid Beetle
• Comal Springs Riffle Beetle
• Fountain Darter
• Peck’s Cave Amphipod
• San Marcos Salamander
• San Marcos Gambusia
• Texas Blind Salamander
• Texas Wild Rice

Demands on Edwards Aquifer
• Municipal Water
• Agriculture Use
• Industrial Use
• Recreational
• Biological
• Spring Flow
• Pumping vs. Springflow
Pumping vs Springflow

Limitations of the Edwards Aquifer
• 1956 Drought of Record– Comal Springs ceased to flow for 6 months
• Increased demand
• San Antonio: population of 2 million
• Surrounding communities
• Increased Development / Reduced Recharge
• Drought magnifies all
• Endangered Species Act of 1973

Legal Challenges
• Sierra Club v USFWS 1991
• Sierra Club alleged that unrestricted withdrawals from the aquifer would cause
take of Endangered Species. Courts agreed and established “take” and
“jeopardy” flow rates; water supply restrictions
• 2012 Deadline for “Continuous Minimum Springflows” for the species
• Senate Bill 1477 - 1993
• Established EAA and set withdrawal limits

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Explore the Edwards Aquifer and its Impact on Endangered Species

1. A Case Study of the Edwards Aquifer Nathan Pence Executive Director – Endangered Species Programs Edwards Aquifer Authority

2. Edwards Aquifer

3. Edwards Aquifer • Balcones Fault Zone • Limestone and Artesian Aquifer • Aquifer responds directly to pumping or recharge • 4350 square miles • Austin, San Marcos, New Braunfels, San Antonio • Headwaters to San Marcos and Comal Springs

4. Edwards Aquifer cont. • Guadalupe River baseflow • Home to Endangered Species • Comal Springs Dryopid Beetle • Comal Springs Riffle Beetle • Fountain Darter • Peck’s Cave Amphipod • San Marcos Salamander • San Marcos Gambusia • Texas Blind Salamander • Texas Wild Rice

5. Demands on Edwards Aquifer • Municipal Water • Agriculture Use • Industrial Use • Recreational • Biological • Spring Flow • Pumping vs. Springflow Pumping vs Springflow

6. Limitations of the Edwards Aquifer • 1956 Drought of Record– Comal Springs ceased to flow for 6 months • Increased demand • San Antonio: population of 2 million • Surrounding communities • Increased Development / Reduced Recharge • Drought magnifies all • Endangered Species Act of 1973

7. Legal Challenges • Sierra Club v USFWS 1991 • Sierra Club alleged that unrestricted withdrawals from the aquifer would cause take of Endangered Species. Courts agreed and established “take” and “jeopardy” flow rates; water supply restrictions • 2012 Deadline for “Continuous Minimum Springflows” for the species • Senate Bill 1477 - 1993 • Established EAA and set withdrawal limits

Explore the Edwards Aquifer and its Impact on Endangered Species

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