With the geophysical industry moving towards niche technologies, AeroPhysX has successfully integrated the geospatial and geophysical industries, providing a niche that no other company can currently supply - one platform with multi-sensor technologies. The team at AeroPhysX have developed an innovative reconnaissance method to detect and image hydrocarbon seeps and other mineral occurrences from satellite imagery in terrestrial and marine environments. This reconnaissance method is considered as a first-pass tool used to identify areas of potential prospective interest prior to undertaking further high-resolution airborne geophysical and hyperspectral surveys. Combine one platform with multi-sensor technologies and our unique in-house developed algorithms and the result is disruptive technology used in a totally unique way. http://aerophysx.com/

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3. a unique concept 3
the technology 6
deep blue 14
infrared 20
thermal 30
global footprint 43
contact details 44

4. a unique concept
With the geophysical industry moving towards niche technologies,
AeroPhysX has successfully integrated the geospatial and
geophysical industries, providing a niche that no other company
can currently supply - ONE PLATFORM WITH MULTI-SENSOR
TECHNOLOGIES.
The team at AeroPhysX have developed an innovative
reconnaissance method to detect and image hydrocarbon seeps
and other mineral occurrences from satellite imagery in terrestrial
and marine environments. This reconnaissance method is
considered as a first-pass tool used to identify areas of potential
prospective interest prior to undertaking further high-resolution
airborne geophysical and hyperspectral surveys.
Combine one platform with multi-sensor technologies and our
unique in-house developed algorithms and the result is disruptive
technology used in a totally unique way.
Our key personnel have extensive experience in the industry, and
together have more than 200 years and 15 million kilometres of
survey flying, operating and processing time behind them. There
are very few companies that can boast this on-going experience
amongst its core staff.

5. The AeroPhysX method makes use of various proprietary image
processing and statistical algorithms, called DiRT, to identify
Emissivity and Deep Blue anomalies in the satellite data which can
represent hydrocarbon seeps or mineral occurrences associated
with specific mineralisation events such as hydrothermal
deposits. The acronym DiRT refers to Deep Blue, Infrared and
Thermal bandwidths statistically analysed using the Bayes
Theorem to develop anomaly products.
DEEP BLUE: An algorithm applied to the surface of the ocean using the
thermal imaging satellite used for oil seep identification.
INFRARED: Concept to nullify limitations of satellite data by integrating
geospatial and geophysical techniques onto an airborne platform.
THERMAL: Algorithm applied to thermal image data using emissivity
anomalies to identify exploration hotspots.
advantages
Revolutionary technology to keep ahead of exploration competitors
Quick & cost-effective method to assess mineralisation areas
Powerful exploration tool for covering large areas
Locate anomalies adjacent to existing mines/exploration areas
Same algorithms used for hyperspectral satellite & aerial platforms
Multiuse data can be used for environmental studies
Tailor-made projects according to the needs and budget of a client
One system, one aircraft, all disciplines simultaneously

6. the technology
SATELLITE
AeroPhysX makes use of three different satellite-based imagery
systems to achieve full coverage over both terrestrial and marine
environments:
* The ASTER satellite sensors is used exclusively over terrestrial
environments to map emissivity anomalies associated with
hydrocarbon seeps and hydrothermal mineralisation, and
* The World-View 3 and Landsat 8 satellite sensors are used to
image hydrocarbon seeps in the marine environment.
AIRBORNE
*Geophysical
*Geospacial

7. aster
Advanced Space-borne Thermal Emission and Reflection
Radiometer is a Japanese sensor which is one of five
remote sensory devices on board the Terra satellite
launched into Earth orbit by NASA in 1999. ASTER provides
high-resolution images of Earth in fourteen different bands
of the electromagnetic spectrum, ranging from visible to
thermal infrared light. The resolution of images ranges
between 15 m to 90 m depending on the wavelength.
ASTER data are used to create detailed maps of surface
temperature of land, emissivity, reflectance, and elevation.
ASTER crosses over any given latitude at the same time
each day and revisits the same area every 16 days.
AeroPhysX has developed Thermal/IR 5D search algorithms which have
proved to be effective at mapping emissivity anomalies associated with
terrestrial hydrocarbon seeps from sub-surface oil & gas reservoirs, oil
shale occurrences and coal seam gas. In addition to this, mineralisation
and depositional emissivity anomalies related to gold, silver, copper, zinc,
uranium, manganese and rare earths can be mapped by spatial association
with known or inferred mineralisation in the adjacent areas.
worldview 3
AeroPhysX has developed Thermal/IR 5D search algorithms which have
proved to be effective at mapping emissivity anomalies associated with
terrestrial hydrocarbon seeps from sub-surface oil & gas reservoirs, oil
shale occurrences and coal seam gas. In addition to this, mineralisation
and depositional emissivity anomalies related to gold, silver, copper, zinc,
uranium, manganese and rare earths can be mapped by spatial association
with known or inferred mineralisation in the adjacent areas.
landsat 8
Landsat 8 provides moderate-resolution imagery, from 15 meters to 100
meters Earth ,land/sea surface and polar regions, Landsat 8 will operate in
the visible, near-infrared, short wave infrared, and thermal infrared
spectrums. Landsat 8 will capture approximately 400 scenes a day. The
OLI and TIRS sensors will see improved signal to noise (SNR) radiometric
performance, enabling 12-bit quantization of data allowing for more bits for
better land-cover characterization.
satellite

8. AeroPhysX has access to a number of top-end geophysical systems
worldwide. We specialise in the collection of data collection and processing
of:
*MAGNETICS
*RADIOMETRICS
*GRAVITY
*EM SURVEYS
magnetics: cs-3 cesium magnetometer
The CS-3 offers the highest sensitivity and lowest
noise on the market, with automatic hemisphere
switching and a wide voltage range. In addition to
having the maximum active zone and minimum
dead zones, it also maintains the smallest heading
errors.
airborne geophysics

9. radiometrics: gammaray spectrometer system
AeroPhysX utilises the very latest technology radiometric equipment
available in the world today for airborne geophysical surveys. The typical
configuration for a fixed-wing platform is one AGRS-1024/256 and one
AGRS-1024 providing a total sensor volume of 33.6 litres "downward
looking" NaI sensor and 4.2 litres "upward looking" NaI sensor.
The AGRS advanced digital gamma-ray
spectrometer is designed for use in geological and
geophysical exploration and mapping as well as for
environmental and nuclear surveillance applications.
The unique system
stabilization algorithm
makes the AGRS fully
automated and self-
stabilizing on natural
radioactive elements.

10. airborne gravity
The very large dynamic range of the GT-2A gravimeter provides high
precision data even in turbulent flying conditions; data is acquired through
short periods of saturation in extreme turbulence by the automatic
application of a reduced order Kalman filter, enabling platform
misalignment to be computed and hence controlled; the automatic
calibration program computes accelerometer scale factors and errors in
perpendicularity between the accelerometer sensitive axis and the
platform surface.
The GT-2A is hermetically sealed for
protection when operating in
environmental extremes. Short lead-ins
improve survey efficiency and reduce
costs. Filters depend on aircraft speed
and flight conditions and provide spatial
resolution typically ranging from 1.2 kms
to 3.5 kms.

11. geospatial
hyperspectral scanner
AisaFENIX is optimized for the most demanding geological, law
enforcement, and environmental applications. In a single continuous
image, AisaFENIX delivers the best hyperspectral data ever seen over
VNIR, NIR, and SWIR wavelengths. AisaFENIX is the most versatile HSI
unit for field, airborne and ground use. It delivers unprecedented
performance over the entire visible, NIR, and SWIR spectral ranges.
AisaFENIX is designed for simplicity, reliability and
performance in field usage. AisaFENIX eliminates past
challenges in full spectrum imaging. It is a single optics
imager, with two focal plane arrays always staring exactly
the same spot of the object.
AisaFENIX is designed for
simplicity, reliability and
performance in field usage.
AisaFENIX eliminates past
challenges in full spectrum
imaging. It is a single optics
imager, with two focal plane
arrays always staring exactly
the same spot of the object.

12. lidar
The high performance, fully integrated long-range airborne laser scanner
system RIEGL LMS-Q1560 is a cutting-edge tool for a variety of airborne
surveying missions. The two channel scanner makes use of powerful laser
sources, Multiple-Time-Around (MTA) processing, echo digitization and
waveform analysis. That allows operation at varying flight altitudes and is
therefore ideally suited for aerial survey of ultra wide areas as well as of
complex urban environments.
The RIEGL LMS-Q1560 can be operated at a maximum pulse repetition
rate of 800 kHz providing an effective measurement rate of 532,000
measurements on the ground, and operates at an altitude of up to 15,500
ft.
This enables the user to do effective flight
planning even for difficult terrain, reducing the
flying time significantly. The system allows the
user to plan safe flights with sufficient
clearance to terrain.

13. thermal imaging
The LWIR revolution is here; a thermal camera with the capability to
recognize the chemical composition of even freezing cold materials in pitch
darkness. SPECIM's thermal airborne hyperspectral sensor AisaOWL,
covers the contiguous spectral range from 7.6 to 12.3 μm in 96 channels
and has the sensitivity to detect and classify even gases.
AisaOWL’s performance meets the most demanding remote sensing
applications in the thermal spectral region from 7.7 to 12.3 μm.
The AisaOWL push-broom type
sensor integrates a proprietary
temperature stabilized imaging
spectrograph with the highest
sensitivity cooled MCT camera.
This state-of-the-art technology
together with the sensor’s
integrated calibration solution
provide high and stable
performance during flight lines.

14. deep blue
Deep Blue is an algorithm applied to the surface of the ocean using
either the Landsat 8 or the Worldview thermal imaging satellite. It
detects the structure on the ocean surface which is the used for oil
seep identification.

15. Using a statistical model of the 450 nm & 500 nm (blue light) reflected
sunlight anomalies from the World-View 3 satellite imagery, AeroPhysX
can detect hydrocarbon seeps down to a water depth of approximately
150 m.
This proprietary search algorithm, called Deep Blue, is unique in isolating
the seep signal from the wider spectral bands and none of the other
satellite or aerial based techniques produce similar results. The spatial
position of the Deep Blue anomaly is related how the hydrocarbon seep
is affected by oceanographic and metrological forcing which can
disperse the hydrocarbons within the water column and on the sea
surface.
To determine a more accurate spatial location of the seep conduit on the
seafloor it is advisable to acquire a series of satellite scenes covering
different oceanographic and metrological conditions and then analyse
the transport vectors to estimate the seep conduit position on the
seafloor.
AeroPhysX makes use of anomalies in the blue light spectrum to infer
hydrocarbon seeps.

16. CASE STUDY 1: THE ORCA 1 EXPLORATORY WELL
The Orca 1 exploratory well (Tayrona Block) has revealed a natural gas
accumulation in Colombian Caribbean deep waters, 40 km off the coast of
La Guajira. This is the first discovery in the history of the deep water
exploration of this region of the Caribbean. Well drilling ended in
September, reaching 4,240 meters. The water depth is 674 meters. The
natural gas accumulation was confirmed at 3,600 meters.
Our team used Landsat 8 satellite imagery to process data over the orca-1
drill site using the Deep Blue algorithm to assess hydrocarbon seeps within
the water column and on the sea surface. Note that these hydrocarbon
seeps can be transported by ocean currents and surface winds from their
point of origin. During a full presentation these factors are calculated and
corrected for as best as is possible.
The scattering of red across the ocean surface is a combination of further
seep points and dispersion of the seep across the ocean due to wind and
currents.
deep blue in action

17. COLOUR IMAGE OF DEEP BLUE RUN OVER THE ORCA-1
A series of zoomed-in images of the Orca-1 drill site and associated
hydrocarbon signatures using Deep Blue. The origin of the seep is
clearly visible at Target 1 and the seep flows from Target 1 in a north-
westerly direction towards Target 2.
Target 1
Target 2
Orca-1
Orca-1

18. CASE STUDY 2:
PLATFORM HOLLY SOUTH ELLWOOD OFFSHORE FIELD
The existence of an offshore field was suspected for a long time, largely
due to the persistent natural seepage of oil from the sea floor. The Coal Oil
Point seep field is now one of the most actively studied seep zones in the
world. In 1966, ARCO built Platform Holly, in 211 feet (64 m) of water
approximately two miles southwest of Coal Oil Point, and began drilling
wells into the various zones in the South Ellwood Offshore field. Peak
production from the field was in 1984. Mobil operated Platform Holly until
1997, at which point Venoco, Inc. acquired all rights to the field.
Currently three pipelines; one oil, one gas, and one for utilities connect the
platform to the processing plant on the mainland. In addition, an oil pipeline
transports oil from "tents" constructed over some of the natural seeps on
the ocean floor to the processing plant. Leakage from the natural seeps
near Platform Holly has decreased substantially, probably from the
decrease in reservoir pressure from the oil and gas produced at the
platform. The South Ellwood Offshore field has been estimated by the US
Department of Energy to hold over one billion barrels of oil and
approximately 2.1 billion barrels (330,000,000 m3) by Venoco, Inc., most
of which is in the undeveloped portion of the field. In 1995, the Oil and Gas
Journal reported 155 million barrels (24,600,000 m3) of proven reserves.
SEEPS
PLATFORM
HOLLY

19. CASE STUDY 3: KUPE NATURAL GAS FIELD
The Kupe natural gas field is located in the Tasman Sea, 30 km off the
coast of the town of Manaia in Taranaki, New Zealand. The field was
discovered in 1986 and is located in 35 metres of water. The field is being
exploited through the Kupe Gas Project, which comprises an unmanned
Wellhead Platform, a single three phase pipeline to shore and an onshore
production station.
SEEPS
KUPU

20. RADAR vs DEEP BLUE
Case study: Detection of Natural Hydrocarbon Seepages Using SAR
Technology and Associated Subsurface Studies in Offshore
Mahanadi Basin for Delineation of Possible Areas of Hydrocarbon
Exploration
This study located in India, Mahanadi offshore area, and it concerns
seepages in offshore areas, by using radar images. The radar have SAR
sensors to measure backscatter radiations, the output of the radar images
appear black and white depending on the surface covered in the survey.
However seepage in offshore areas appear as an oil layer on the sea
surface, connected or isolated. This phenomenon can be detected by the
contrast in colours between the oil layer and sea surface, and appear as a
dark area in a bright background representing the sea surface. The dark
areas give a low backscattered radiation (oil layer in this case) and sea
surface gives a high backscattered radiation.
Seepages identified from SAR data were analysed to eliminate similar
signatures generated due to ship or tanker generated pollution slicks or
biogenic algal signatures based on many parameters such as Wind Speed
during survey, Scale, Shape, Size and Aspect Ratio, and Repeat Cycle”.
The results of SAR data are divided into three degrees of confident high,
medium, and low based on the parameters that help to identify seepages.
Seepage locations identified using SAR data are shown in fig. (3). SAR data
combined with geophysical and geochemical data, free air gravity show the
intersect of two high gravity trends coinciding with seeps in medium degree
of confidence, as show in table (1).
Result of seismic data shows the presence of fault in south west of study
area, as shown in fig.(4), but in study area seismic cannot confirm
presence of this fault, and the Geochemical data show the gases are
thermogenic origin and produced with oil and have seeped most likely
from condensate/wet gas pools.

21. RADAR OFFHORE PARADWIP
DEEP BLUE ANOMALY DETECTION OFFSHORE PARADWIP
BEFORE
AFTER

22. OTHER EXAMPLES OF DEEP BLUE

23. infrared
The Infrared aspect of our concept is designed to work around an
airborne platform, the limitations of satellite data being the limited
spectral bands and the poor resolution we are able to nullify by
integrating geospatial and geophysical techniques onto an airborne
platform. Given the technology breakthroughs achieved recently
with equipment, we feel that we can apply the dirt algorithms to
airborne data and provide high resolution thermal imaging and
deep blue images combined with geological mapping tools
associated with airborne geophysics.

24. The goal is to present to our clients multi-sensor databases
involving:
*LIDAR
*HYPERSPECTRAL
*SATELLITE IMAGERY
Combined with geophysical datasets such as:
*MAGNETICS
*RADIOMETRICS
*EM
*GRAVITY

25. Since it is highly cost-effective and quick, airborne geophysical
measurements of magnetic, electromagnetic, gamma-rays, gravitational
attraction, reflected & emitted light spectrum (NIR, SWIR and IR
hyperspectral) and terrain roughness (with LiDAR) are what is driving
mineral and oil exploration, environmental and agricultural studies,
baseline surveys and other fringe industries.
The Data generated from this, would be invaluable to city planners, civil
engineering groups, environmental agencies and agricultural and mining
groups. An app could even be developed to make access to these groups
easier and more cost efficient, effectively this would limit any competition
from accessing the market place as potential clients would download only
what is needed instead of flying the survey themselves.
We would open up areas in:
*Geology
*Different types of pollution
*Plants and trees
*Disease in plants
*Baseline studies
*Oil and Chemical seeps
*Hydrocarbon gas releases
*City and mine planning
*Engineering projects
*Infrastructure planning
*Environmental issues
*Water and coastline information
*Flood plain information
*Power supply and pylon placement

26. infrared in action
LIDAR CITY MAPPING

27. COMBINATION OF LIDAR AND HYPERSPECTRAL

28. LIDAR ROAD MAPPING

29. HYPERSPECTRAL FOR MINERAL DETECTION

30. MINERAL MAPPING COMBINATION OF
HYPERSPECTRAL AND MAGNETIC IMAGING

31. HYPERSPECTRAL FOR AGRICULTURE

32. LIDAR COASTAL MAPPING

33. thermal
The T aspect of the concept comprises of thermal imaging where
another algorithm is applied to the data. We have found the results
of extreme value if combined with geology and have identified that
information related to fracking, coal identification; methane gas hot
spots, copper detection, gold detection and kimberlite (diamond)
detection have been successful using satellite imagery.

34. thermal in action
FRACKING, NORTH WEST DAKOTA
We applied some exploration techniques originally developed for diamond
exploration and to fracking. We downloaded a Japanese Aster thermal
satellite image of Northwest North Dakota over Williston, the centre of the
US fracking revolution, and processed it. The Aster image was collected in
September 2009 and we overlaid emissivity anomalies on 2009 Google
Earth imagery. The colours in the scene are thermal emissivity anomalies
with red most anomalous, through green to blue to no colour denoting no
emissivity anomaly.
Fast forward to 2013 there is a fracking site right on the red anomaly.
2009
2013

35. COPPER MINERALIZATION
KATANGA, CONGO

36. COPPER MINERALIZATION
NAMAQUALAND, SOUTH AFRICA

37. ZINC MINERALIZATION
RED DOG MINE, ALASKA

38. URANIUM MINERALIZATION
WYOMING

39. GOLD MINERALIZATION
CRIPPLE CREEK, COLORADO

40. GOLD MINERALIZATION
HYCROFT GOLD MINE, NEVADA

41. RARE EARTHS
PEA RIDGE, MISSOURI

42. MANGANESE MINERALISATION
ARIZONA

43. ALLUVIAL DIAMONDS
MARANGE, ZIMBABWE

44. ALLUVIAL DIAMONDS
NAMAQUALAND, SOUTH AFRICA

45. GAS DETECTION
NORTHERN MOZAMBIQUE

46. global footprint
We already have an existing client base and
contact list as we have been in the industry many
years. We have extensive experience operating in
Africa, as well as internationally in general. We
intend to have a worldwide footprint using our
existing resources which are in place already.
In certain countries our aircraft may not be able to
operate due to constraints on range or it may be
too costly to fly our aircraft there and in such
scenarios we lease local aircraft. This results in
saving massive costs in mobilization.

47. WRITE TO US:
CALL US:
EMAIL US:
SKYPE US:
WEBSITE:
P.O. BOX 836
SOMERSET MALL
SOMERSET
WESTERN CAPE
SOUTH AFRICA
7137
+27 21 855 0399
+27 82 301 8763
+27 82 302 1485
don@aerophysx.com
allan@aerophysx.com
don.aerophysx
allan.grace5
www.aerophysx.com