This document Is created by Rehet Kaur Bhatia 8D.

1. METALS AND NONMETALS
CHAPTER 4 By Rehet Kaur Bhatia

2. Metal
A CHEMICAL ELEMENT HAVING FOLLOWING PROPERTIES
1. They can conduct electricity and heat.
2. They can be formed easily.
3. They have a shiny appearance.
4. They have a high melting point.

3. NON METAL
A nonmetal is a chemical element which does not have
properties of metals but has following properties ;
❖ NOT DUCTILE
❖ NOT SONOROUS
❖ NOT MALLEABLE
❖ NOT HARD IT IS BRITTLE
❖ BAD CONDUCTOR OF HEAT AND ELECTRICITY

4. METALLOID
A METALLOID IS A CHEMICAL ELEMENT
WHICH HAS PROPERTY OF BOTH
METALS AND NONMETALS.

5. Reactivity series

6. Chemical properties of metals
⭐Reaction of metals with water: Metals produce metal oxide and hydrogen gas
while reacting with water.
⭐Reaction of metals with oxygen : Basic metal oxides are formed
⭐Reaction of Metals with acids : salt and hydrogen gas is produced
⭐Reaction of metals with bases : salt and hydrogen gas is formed

7. Chemical properties of Non - Metals
⭐Reaction with water : No reaction
⭐ Reaction with oxygen : Acidic non metal oxide
⭐Reaction with bases :Non-metals’ reaction with sodium hydroxide is much complex.
⭐Reaction of metals with acids : No reaction

8. USES OF METALS AND NON METALS
Uses of Metals:
● Metals are used for making machines and tools.
● Iron is used for making ships, bridges, railway lines, etc.
● Copper is used for making electric wires.
● Aluminium is used for making utensils.
● Gold and silver are used for making ornaments.
Uses of Non-metals:
● Oxygen is used by all living beings for respiration.
● Carbon dioxide is used by plants for photosynthesis.
● Chlorine is used for water purification.
● Iodine solution is used as antiseptic and applied on wounds.
● Coal (carbon) is an important fuel.