WHAT IS BIOFERTILISER? ITS USE , HOW TO MAKE? BENEFITS OF BIOFERTILIZER PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY CROP PRODUCTIVITY TYPES WORK PHOSPHATE SOLUBILIZING BACTERIA PIKOVSKAYA BROTH NEDIUM

1. PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY FOR BIOAGENTS AND
BIOFERTILIZERS

2. To enhance crop productivity...
•By fixing atmospheric nitrogen.
•By solubilising soil phosphorus.

3. Biofertilizers
• Bio-fertilizers are preparations containing active or latent cells of efficient
strains of certain microbes that can utilize the atmospheric nitrogen to
increase the nitrogen content of soil and can dissolve the insoluble
phosphate of the soil to release the phosphorus it contains in the soluble form
for increasing crop yield.
• Certain soil microorganisms have an ability to absorb and convert
atmospheric nitrogen to the readily available form to the plants (e.g.Nitrates).
• Whereas certain soil microorganisms solubilise part of the bound phosphates
of the soil and thereby make them available to the plants. Both these
attributes make them important to be used as Bio-fertilizers.

4. Useful
Microorganisms
N fixing
Rhizobium
Azotobacter
Azospirillum
Acetobacter
P solubilising
Bacillus
Pseudomonas
Aspergillus
Penicillium
Mycorrhiza
K solubilising
Bacillus
Enterobacter
Fecturia

5. Biofertilizer
Bacteria
N -
fixing
Symbiotic
Rhizobium
Bradirhizobium
Asymbioti
c
Azotobacte
r
Beizerincki
a Derxia
Associativ
e
Symbiotic
Azospirillu
m
P -
solubilising
Asymbioti
c
Bacillus
Pseudomona
s
BGA
N – fixing &
P -
solubilizing
Symbiotic
&
Asymbiotic
BGA
Fungi
P -
solubilising
Asymbioti
c
Mycorrhiza
Aspergillus
Penicillium

6. Types of Bio-fertilizers
• Bacterial
• Fungal
• Algal
• Aquatic fern
• Earthworms

7. How Bio-fertilizers Work ?
• There is an abundance of biopolymers like proteins, fats, fibers and other
carbohydrates in natural soils.
• Bacteria in soil digest these large biopolymers to respective smaller monomers.
• Proteins are digest to amino acids, carbohydrates and fiber to sugars and fats/lipids
to fatty acids by the soil bacteria.
• Plants can easily absorb these small molecules or monomers. Additionally. the soil-
bacteria help the plant-roots to absorb Major and minor nutrients present in the soils.
• The soil-bacteria also release bio-chemicals which accelerate the plant growth.

8. Advantages of Bio-fertilizers
• Add nutrients (Nitrogen) to the soil / make them (Phosphorous) available to the crop.
• Secrete certain growth promoting substances.
• Under certain conditions they exhibit anti-fungal activities and thereby protect the
plants from pathogenic fungi.
• Harmless and Eco-friendly low cost agro-input supplementary to Chemical Fertilizers.
• Improve soil structure (porosity) and water holding eapacity. Enhance seed
germination.
• Increase soil fertility, Fertilizer Use Efficiency and ultimately the yield by 15-20 % in
general.

9. Phosphate Solubilising Microbes
• Phosphorus is important nutrient for plants.
• PSM can solubilise the cheaper source of P – as rock phosphate.
Bacteria
Bacillus
Pseudomona
s
Fungi
Mycorrhiza
Aspergillus
Penicillium

10. Preparation of PSB

11. Apperatus
• Pikovskaya’s Broth (Medium)
• Conical flasks
• Non absorbent cotton
• Distilled water
• Methanol
• Spirit lamp
• PSB Suspension
• Talcum powder (Carrier)

12. Pikovskaya’s Broth (Medium)
INGREDIENTS Gms/L
Yeast Extract 0.50
Dextrose 10.00
Calcium phosphate 5.00
Ammonium sulphate 0.50
Potassium chloride 0.20
Magnesium sulphate 0.10
Manganese sulphate 0.0001
Ferrous sulphate 0.0001

13. Procedure
To make 100 ml medium,

14. Take 1.63 gm
Pikovskaya’s broth in 250
ml conical flask.
Add 100 ml distilled water
in conical flask and mix it
well.
Then plug all the flask by
non absorbent cotton.
Dissolve the media by
giving heat, if necessary.
Sterilize media at 15 lbs
pressure and 121⁰C
temperature for 15 min.
Allow to cool it.

15. Inoculation of PSB
Then flasks put in a shaker at 100
rpm for 24 hrs.
PSB is inoculate in media from suspension
in aseptic condition. (Laminar flow
chamber)
Wash hands with methanol

16. Use talcum powder as a
carrier.
Take talcum powder in a
large container.
Add prepared media
in a talcum powder
and mix it well.
Label it.
Mix it well.
Then pack it of desired weight in
polythene bags

17. Phosphate Solubilizing Bacteria
No. of Bags:- 110
Weight:- 250 gms/ bag

18. Advantage of PSB
• It is capable to transforming insoluble
phosphorus to soluble forms.
• Improve food production through enhancing
yield.
• Environment Friendly approach.

19. Thank you...