Triangles of neck

1. ANTERIOR MEDIAN REGION OF
NECK

2. Anterior Region of Neck
 Triangular area on front of the neck b/n two
SCM muscles

3. Anterior Region of Neck
 This area includes both (right & left) anterior
triangles & Suprahyoid & Infrahyoid areas

4. THE NECK – EXTENT (Above &
Below)

5. THE NECK – EXTENT
(Posterior)
 Ligamentum
nuchae –
connects spinous
process of all
cervical vertebrae
– external occipital
protuberance

6. Anterior Median line of Neck
 Essential while
performing
tracheostomy
 Also useful in
clinical
examination of
midline
swellings of the

7. Anterior Median line of Neck
 Extending -
Symphysis menti
to suprasternal
notch
 Lies deep to skin,
Superficial Fascia
& deep fascia

9. Mid-line Structures of Neck
1. Symphysis menti
2. Fibrous (Mylohyoid)
raphae
3. Hyoid bone
4. Thyrohyoid membrane &
Median Thyrohyoid
Ligament
5. Upper border of thyroid

11. Mid-line Structures of Neck
6. Angle of thyroid
cartilage
7. Median cricothyroid
lig & Crico-thyroid
muscles
8. Cricoid cartilage
9. Cervical part of
trachea

12. Mid-line Structures of Neck
11. Pyramidal lobe,
Levator glanudulae
thyroidae
12. Thyroidea ima artery
13. Inferior thyroid
veins
14. Jugular venous arch

14. Symphysis menti
 Two halves of
body of mandible
united in midline

15. Fibrous raphae
 Symphysis menti
to Hyoid Bone
 Both mylohyoid
muscle meet – to
form floor of
mouth
(diaphragma oris)

16. Hyoid bone – C3 vertebra
 Horseshoe –shaped
(“U”)
 Body, 2 cornua
 2nd & 3rd branchial
arches
 No bony articulation –
suspended from base
of skull by stylohyoid

18. Thyrohyoid membrane
 Extends from
upper border of
thyroid cartilage to
lower border &
greater cornua of
hyoid bone
 Structures pierced
- Internal laryngeal

20. Median Thyrohyoid ligament
 Thickening of the
thyrohyoid membrane
in midline
 Connects the upper
border of thyroid
cartilage to the lower
border of hyoid bone

21. Angle of Thyroid Cartilage – C4 &
C5
 Forms
Laryngeal
prominence –
Adam’s Apple
 More prominent
in (adult Males)

23. Median Crico-thyroid ligament &
Cricothyroid muscle
 Midline thickening of
cricothyroid
membrane extending
b/n upper border of
cricoid cartilage to
lower border of
thyroid cartilage
 Cricothyroid Muscle -
Tensors of vocal folds

24. Cricoid Cartilage – C6
 Unpaired
cartilage of
larynx
 Most important
surface
landmark on the
front of the neck

25. Level of C6 forms a Critical plane of
Neck
 Junction of Larynx & Trachea ; Pharynx &
Esophagus
 Anterior tubercle of transverse process of C6
vertebra (carotid tubercle) against which
common carotid artery may compressed
 Location of ansa cervicalis & intermediate
tendon of omohyoid infront of carotid sheath

27. Cervical part of trachea –
Isthmus of thyroid gland
 Isthmus – lies infront of
2,3,4 tracheal rings
 Above the isthmus –
anastomosis of both
superior thyroid arteries
 pyramidal lobe & a
fibromuscular band –
levator glanudulae

29. Cervical part of trachea – below
the isthmus
 Inferior thyroid veins
(lie infront of 5th, 6th &
7th tracheal rings)
 Sometimes arteria
thyroidae ima (arises
from brachiocephalic
trunk) – it ascends
infront of trachea to
the isthmus of thyroid

31. Jugular venous arch
 Above the suprasternal notch – connects
the two anterior Jugular veins

32. Suprasternal notch
 Can be felt b/n the
medial ends of the
clavicle
 Lies opposite the lower
border of body of T2
 Ocassionally Left
brachiocephalic vein &
artery may lie infront of
trachea in the