For medical undergraduates, nursing and physiotherapy students

1. ANTERIOR REGION
OF NECK
DR. SUNDIP CHARMODE
ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR
DEPARTMENT OF ANATOMY
AIIMS RAJKOT

2. INTRODUCTION
• Boundaries of Neck
are:
• Above:
• Below:

3. STRUCTURES PRESENT ALONG THE ANTERIOR
MEDIAN LINE
1. Fibrous raphe
2. Hyoid bone
3. Thyrohyoid membrane
4. Angle of thyroid cartilage
5. Median cricothyroid ligament
6. Pair of diverging Crico-thyroid
muscles
7. Cricoid cartilage
8. Cervical part of trachea
9. Thyroid gland

5. FIBROUS RAPHE
• Extends from Symphysis
menti to Hyoid bone
• Mylohyoid muscles of
both sides meet and
form Diaphragma Oris

6. HYOID BONE
• Body, Lesser and Greater
cornua
• Opposite C3
• Fusion of ventral ends of 2nd
and 3rd branchial arches
• Suspended by Stylohyoid
ligaments
• Provides attachment to strap
muscles of neck

7. THYROHYOID MEMBRANE
• Connects upper border of
thyroid cartilage to upper
border of body and
Greater cornua of hyoid
bone

8. ANGLE OF THYROID CARTILAGE
• Lies at the level of C4 and
C5
• Developed from 4th and
5th branchial arches.

9. CRICOID CARTILAGE
• Unpaired cartilage of larynx.
• Forms a complete signet shaped
ring
• Lies opposite C6 vertebra
• Developed from 6th branchial
arches

10. CERVICAL PART OF TRACHEA
• It is related anteriorly with following structures:
1. Isthmus of thyroid gland – opposite 2nd, 3rd, 4th tracheal rings
2. Above isthmus – Anterior branches of Superior thyroid arteries,
Levator glanduli thyroidae
3. Below isthmus – inferior thyroid veins
4. Above suprasternal notch – Jugular venous arch

12. EVENTS OCCURING AT C6 VERTEBRA
1. Junction of larynx and trachea, pharynx and esophagus
2. Anterior tubercle of transverse process of C6 Vertebra – Carotid
tubercle
3. Junction of first and second part of vertebral artery
4. Apex of Scaleno-vertebral triangle:
• Inferior thyroid artery loops medially
• Middle cervical ganglion is located

13. EVENTS OCCURING AT C6 VERTEBRA
5. Location of superior parathyroid gland at posterior border of lateral
lobe of thyroid gland
6. Ansa cervicalis
7. Intermediate tendon of Omohyoid muscle
8. Widest breadth of cervical enlargement of spinal cord

14. SCALENO-VERTEBRAL TRIANGLE

15. SUPERFICIAL STRUCTURES OF THE NECK
• Skin
• Superficial fascia and Platysma
• Investing layer of Deep cervical
fascia
• Superficial veins of neck:
a. External jugular vein
b. Anterior jugular vein
• Superficial nerves of neck
• Lesser Occipital
• Great Auricular
• Supra Clavicular
• Transverse Cervical nerve

16. PLATYSMA
• Origin: Fascia covering the anterior part of deltoid and pectoralis major up
to the level of second rib
• Insertion: Sweep upward and forward. Forms roof of lower part of
posterior triangle. Forms roof of upper part of anterior triangle
• Majority fibers – Lower border of the body of mandible
• Posterior fibers – Angle of mouth through Risorius
• Anterior fibers – Decussate with the opposite platysma across the
median line for about 2.5 cm behind the chin

17. PLATYSMA
• Nerve supply: Cervical branch of facial nerve
• Action:
1. Reduces the concavity of the side of neck. Releases the pressure.
Facilitates venous return
2. Anterior fibers help in depression of mandible
3. Posterior fibers draw the angle of mouth laterally and downwards

19. ANTERIOR JUGULAR VEIN
• Begins below the chin by the union of small tributaries from
submandibular region.

20. MUSCLES
Supra hyoid muscles
1. Digastric
2. Geniohyoid
3. Mylohyoid
4. Stylohyoid
Infra hyoid muscles
1. Sternothyroid
2. Sternohyoid
3. Thyrohyoid
4. Omohyoid

21. STERNOHYOID

23. THANK YOU