1. Single Phase to Three Phase ACSingle Phase to Three Phase AC
MATRIX CONVERTERMATRIX CONVERTERSS
forfor
Traction DrivesTraction Drives
by
Bhimrao S.Gajbhiye
IICPE 2012,ID- 799179, Paper ID-1569637039
Presentation
2012 5th
India international
IEEE Conference on power electronics (Transportation)
New Delhi

2. 2
IntroductionIntroduction
Matrix Converters (MC)
Single phase-to-Single phase ac MC
Three phase-to-Single phase ac MC
Three phase-to-Three phase ac MC
Single phase-to-Three phase ac MC
Matrix converters are designed with 4- Quadrant Bi-directional Switch cells are capable of
generating AC-AC.
Load voltage can be varied by SPWM with arbitrary amplitude and frequency to obtain
sinusoidal input/ output waveforms.
No inductive or capacitive elements are required,
thus allowing for compact design.
A Bi-directional switch cell
= =

3. 3
Matrix ConvertersMatrix Converters
Single phase to Three phase ACSingle phase to Three phase AC
Va Phase voltage
Vs -Source voltage , Vab -Line voltage
Ia Phase current
Ii Source current
Time (ms)

4. 4
Single phase to Three phase ac Matrix ConvertersSingle phase to Three phase ac Matrix Converters
Separation & LINK methodSeparation & LINK method
Separation and Link method- ref.No.7
+Va -Va Phase voltage, Vs -Source Voltage
+Vab –Vab Line voltage Vs -Source Voltage
+Ii -Ii Input current

5. 5
Vs
Sb1 Sc1
Sa3 S b3 Sc3
Sb4d Sc4d
A
B
C
Sa1
S a 2d
(a)+100 ( 612 )
Ii
Sa4 Sb4 Sc4
Sa2 Sb2 Sc2
Vs
Sb1 Sc1
Sb2d
Sa3 S b3 Sc3
Sa4d Sb4d Sc4d
A
B
C
Sa1
S a 2d
(b)+011( 345 )
Ii
Sa4 Sb4 Sc4
Sa2 Sb2 Sc2
Sc2d
Sc3d
Vs
Sb1 Sc1
Sa3 S b3 Sc3
Sb4d Sc4d
A
B
C
Sa1
S a 2d
(c)+010 ( 234 )
Ii
Sa4 Sb4 Sc4
Sa2 Sb2 Sc2
Vs
Sb1 Sc1
Sb2d
Sa3 S b3 Sc3
Sa4d Sb4d Sc4d
A
B
C
Sa1
S a 2d
(d)+101 ( 561 )
Ii
Sa4 Sb4 Sc4
Sa2 Sb2 Sc2
Sc2d
Sc3d
Vs
Sb1 Sc1
Sa3 S b3 Sc3
Sa4d Sb4d Sc4d
A
B
C
Sa1
S a 2d
(e)+001( 456 )
Ii
Sa4 Sb4 Sc4
Sa2 Sb2 Sc2
Vs
Sb1 Sc1
Sb2d
Sa3 S b3 Sc3
Sa4d Sb4d Sc4d
A
B
C
Sa1
S a 2d
(f ) +110 ( 123 )
Ii
Sa4 Sb4 Sc4
Sa2 Sb2 Sc2
Sc2d
Sc3d
Sc2d
S1 S3 S5
S4 S6 S2
S1 S3 S5
S4 S6 S2
S1 S3 S5
S4 S6 S2
S1 S3 S5
S4 S6 S2
S4
S1 S3 S5
S6 S2 S2S6S4
S1 S3 S5
-
+ +
-
+
-
+
-
+
-
+
-
Vs
Sb1 Sc1
Sa3 S b3 Sc3
Sb4d Sc4d
A
B
C
Sa1
S a 2d
(a)- 100
Ii
Sa4 Sb4 Sc4
Sa2 Sb2 Sc2
(b)- 011
Vs
Sb1 Sc1
Sa3 S b3 Sc3
Sb4d Sc4d
A
B
C
Sa1
S a 2d
Ii
Sa4 Sb4 Sc4
Sa2 Sb2 Sc2
(c)- 010
Vs
Sb1 Sc1
Sa3 S b3 Sc3
Sb4d Sc4d
A
B
C
Sa1
S a 2d
Ii
Sa4 Sb4 Sc4
Sa2 Sb2 Sc2
(d)- 101
Vs
Sb1 Sc1
Sa3 S b3 Sc3
Sb4d Sc4d
A
B
C
Sa1
S a 2d
Ii
Sa4 Sb4 Sc4
Sa2 Sb2 Sc2
(e)- 001
Vs
Sb1 Sc1
Sa3 S b3 Sc3
Sb4d Sc4d
A
B
C
Sa1
S a 2d
Ii
Sa4 Sb4 Sc4
Sa2 Sb2 Sc2
(f) - 110
Vs
Sb1 Sc1
Sa3 S b3 Sc3
Sb4d Sc4d
A
B
C
Sa1
S a 2d
Ii
Sa4 Sb4 Sc4
Sa2 Sb2 Sc2
--
- -
--
++
+ +
+ +
S1 S3 S5
S4 S6 S2 S4 S2S6
S5S3S1
S6 S6
S6 S6
S1 S1
S1 S1
S3
S3
S3
S3
S5 S5
S5 S5
S4 S4
S4 S4
S2 S2
S2 S2
Vs
Sb1 Sc1
Sa3 S b3 Sc3
Sb4d Sc4d
A
B
C
Sa1
S a 2d
(g)+000
Sa4 Sb4 Sc4
Sa2 Sb2 Sc2
Vs
Sb1 Sc1
Sb2d
Sa3 S b3 Sc3
Sa4d Sb4d Sc4d
A
B
C
Sa1
S a 2d
(h)+111
Ii
Sa4 Sb4 Sc4
Sa2 Sb2 Sc2
Sc2d
Sc3d
S1 S3 S5
S4 S6 S2
S1 S3 S5
S4 S6 S2
+
-
+
-
Vs
Sb1 Sc1
Sa3 S b3 Sc3
Sb4d Sc4d
A
B
C
Sa1
S a 2d
(g)- 000
Sa4 Sb4 Sc4
Sa2 Sb2 Sc2
Vs
Sb1 Sc1
Sb2d
Sa3 S b3 Sc3
Sa4d Sb4d Sc4d
A
B
C
Sa1
S a 2d
(h)-111
Sa4 Sb4 Sc4
Sa2 Sb2 Sc2
Sc2d
Sc3d
S1S1 S3 S3 S5S5
S4S4 S6S6 S2S2
-
+ +
-
Single phase to Three phase ac matrix converters
16-Operation States
(a) Positive source period. (b) Negative source period.

6. 6
States Vab Vbc Vca Switching Operation
+ (100) Vs 0 -Vs Sa1 Sa2d Sb3 Sb4d Sc3 Sc4d
+ (101) Vs -Vs 0 Sa1 Sa2d Sb3 Sb4d Sc1 Sc2d
+ (001) 0 -Vs Vs Sa3 Sa4d Sb3 Sb4d Sc1 Sc2d
+ (011) -Vs 0 Vs Sa3 Sa4d Sb1 Sb2d Sc1 Sc2d
+ (010) -Vs Vs 0 Sb1 Sb2d Sa3 Sa4d Sc3 Sc4d
+ (110) 0 Vs -Vs Sa1 Sa2d Sb1 Sb2d Sc3 Sc4d
+ (000) 0 0 0 Sa3 Sa4d Sb3 Sb4d Sc3 Sc4d
+ (111) 0 0 0 Sa1 Sa2d Sb1 Sb2d Sc1 Sc2d
- (100) Vs 0 -Vs Sb4 Sb3d Sc4 Sc3d Sa2 Sa1d
- (101) Vs -Vs 0 Sb4 Sb3d Sa2 Sa1d Sc2 Sc1d
- (001) 0 -Vs Vs Sa4 Sa3d Sb4 Sb3d Sc2 Sc1d
- (011) -Vs 0 Vs Sa4 Sa3d Sb2 Sb1d Sc2 Sc1d
- (010) -Vs Vs 0 Sa4 Sa3d Sc4 Sc3d Sb2 Sb1d
- (110) 0 Vs -Vs Sc4 Sc3d Sa2 Sa1d Sb2 Sb1d
- (000) 0 0 0 Sa4 Sa3d Sb4 Sb3d Sc4 Sc3d
- (111) 0 0 0 Sa2 Sa1d Sb2 Sb1d Sc2 Sc1d
‘1’ Upper arm switch ON, ‘0‘ Lower arm switch ON
‘+’ period source voltage, ‘-‘ period source voltage
Subscript ‘d’ denotes diode to that switch.
Table for 16 Operation states-
single to three phase ac matrix converters

7. 7
Conventional Single phase to Three phase ac with DC LinkConventional Single phase to Three phase ac with DC Link
Traction DrivesTraction Drives
Line converter Motor converter
25kV AC AC-DC DC-AC
1269V ac 2800 V DC 2180 V AC, 3-Phase,170Hz
1142A
270A
Resonant circuit DC-Link capacitor Overvoltage
/brake chopper

8. 8
S 1 S 3
S 6S 4
V s (t)
S 5
S 2
S c1
S c2
S c1d
S c2d
M
I i (t)
a
b
c
A
B
C
+
Source Matrixconverter Tractionmotor
Proposed Single phase to Three phase ac Matrix Converters
Traction Drives

9. 9
Single phase to Three phase ac Matrix ConverterSingle phase to Three phase ac Matrix Converter
Proposed for Traction drivesProposed for Traction drives
TABLE: -TRACTION MOTOR PARAMETERS
Type: ABB-6FRA6068 Supply Frequency f i = 50 Hz
Supply Voltage V = 2180V
Output Frequency fo = 65 - 170 Hz
Speed N = 1283 rpm
Power (KW) P = 850 KW
Continuous current IL = 270 A Max. Current, ILmax = 393 A
Stator Resistance Rs = 0.0727 Ω
Stator Inductance Ls = 1.312 mH
Rotor Resistance R’r = 0.0641 Ω
Rotor Inductance Lr = 2.716 mH
Motor Inertia J = 19.1 Kgm2 Mutual Inductance Lm = 41.982 m H

10. Single phase to Three phase ac Matrix ConverterSingle phase to Three phase ac Matrix Converter
SPWM (SPWM ( VaVa -Phase Generation)-Phase Generation)
on
on
off
off
Switch
x= a, b, c
PWM signals
A=1
B=1
A=1
B=0
A=0
B=1
A=0
B=0
Sx1 1 0 0 1
Sx2 0 1 1 0
Sx3 0 1 1 0
Sx4 1 0 0 1
Off
Off
On
On
Va
Sa3
Sa2
Sa4
Sa1
uaref ubref ucref uc
A=1 (+) Source period A=0 (-) Source period
B=1 (+) SPWM signal B=0 (0) SPWM signal

11. 11
Single phase to three phase ac Matrix Converter-
with a traction Motor
1-phase Source Current ,Ii and Voltage ,Vs
Ia Ib Ic 3-phase ac Load currents
Va Vb Vc 3-Phase Voltage
Vab Vbc Vca 3-phase Line Voltage
Speed
Torque (em)
Ia Ib Ic 3-phase ac Load Currents
Time (s)Time (s)

12. 12
AdvantagesAdvantages :- Single phase to Three phase ac:- Single phase to Three phase ac
Matrix ConvertersMatrix Converters
It provides direct ac-ac conversion thus eliminating the need for reactive energy storage
elements.
Elimination of DC link provides the opportunity for one semiconductor building block
(Module) can be fabricated as power IC with significant reduction in size, cost and
weight.
The Power IC can also incorporate gating /protection circuits and hence further add to
reliability.
The matrix converter provides an inherent 4 quadrant operation. It provides
independent control of the output voltage magnitude , frequency, phase angle and
operation at lagging, Unity or leading power factor.
Disadvantages of 1-to-3 phase ac MC
Higher number of Bi-directional switches, higher the switching losses and lower overall
efficiency. Proper Heat sinks to be designed.
The lack of a DC link in the matrix converter, it indicates that there is stronger
coupling between the two AC sides of the matrix converter. Therefore required more
elaborate control strategy to minimize mutual interaction between the two AC sides.
Input ac & Output 3-phase ac sides required active or passive filters for wave shaping.

13. 13
ConclusionsConclusions
The proposed 1-3-phase ac Matrix converter provides balanced Three-phase output
power and nearly sinusoidal input current. However, output voltages contain few low
order harmonics which can be filtered out easily.
The fluctuation in voltage due to the SPWM can be stabilized by using Space Vector
PWM (SVPWM) logic control or any other improved control logic.
The six bi-directional switches configuration make the proposed converter more
reliable , simple, economical as well as practical.
Most suitable for Railway Traction, Domestic, industrial and Agricultural
applications.

14. 14
ReferencesReferences
[1] S. I. Kahn, P. D. Ziogas, and M. H. Rashid, “A novel single to three phase
static converter,” IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications, 1989, Vol. 25,
No.1, pp. 143-152.
[2] Jianmin Xiao, Wei Zhang; Hideki Omori, Keizo Matsui “A Novel Operation
Strategy for Single-to Three-Phase Matrix Converter” Electrical Machines and
systems,2009,ICMES-2009/5382800,page 1-6,Cited by:3
Email: xiao_zju@hotmail.com
[3] Ashwin Kumar Sahoo , Meenakshe, S. S Dash, and T. Thyagarajan
“Analysis and simulation of Matrix Converter Using PSIM.” The 7th
International Conference on Power Electronics-October 22-26, 2007/ EXCO,
Daegu, Korea. 978-1-4244-1872-5/08 IEEE.
[4] M. Saito and N. Matsui, “A Single-to Three-Phase Matrix Converter for a
Vector-Controlled Induction Motor,” IEEE-IAS, April 2008,978-1-4244-2279-
1/08 IEEE
[5] P. Wheeler, J. Rodriguez, J. Clare, Empringham and A. Weinstein., "Matrix
converters: A Technology Review," IEEE Transactions on Industrial
Electronics, vol. 49, no. 2, April 2002,pp. 276 - 288.
[6] A. Zuckerberger, D. Weinstock, A. Alexandrovitz, "Simulation of three-
phase loaded matrix converter," in Proc. on Electric Power Applications, vol.
143, no. 4, July 1996, pp. 294-300.
[7] ABB Transportation Systems Ltd., 3EHM 426 603 “data sheet for
Asynchronous Traction Motor Type: 6FRA6068” revision 02-09-1994

15. 15
Thank you.