Building Materials Used for Building Construction in the world All kinds of Construction Materials used for Civil Works in Quantity Surveying Estimation Costing Billing Tendering Contract and Project Management Civil Works Finishing Plumbing work earthwork

1. B U ILD ING
M A TE R IA LS
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2. INDEX
1- Title.............................................
2-Index............................................
3-Building materials........................
4-Granulated materials....................
5-Binder materials...........................
6-Binder materials II........................
7-Concrete........................................
8-Concrete II....................................
9-Ceramic materials.........................
10-Ceramic materials II....................
11-Ceramic materials III...................
12-Other materials............................
13-Building of builds........................
14-Building of builds........................
15-
16-The end.........................................
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3. B U ILD IN G
M A TE R IA LSThey are ones that we use in the building industry,like:●
houses monuments, publics works...
Granular materials
Binder materials
Concrete
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●
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●
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Ceramic materials
Others

5. G R A N U
LA TE
D
M A TE R IA LS
Those ones that we obtain from the rocks. Rock is
a very dense material so it gives a lot of protection
There are two types:
-Compact rorcks: they are blocks of
granite, marble, limestone...
-Desintegrated rocks: they are blocks of
rocks that can have different size. We
can diferenciated two types:
-Clay: their main property is that they
can absorb the water easily.
-Rocks made up of the disgregation of
GRANITE others rocks (sand...).

6. B IN D E R
M A TE R IA
LSThey are materials that we use to join differents
materials to
make a type of mixture called mortar.
The most important ones are :
LIME: we obtain it
heating limestone rocks.
We use them to paint
walls or to make bricks.

7. B IN D E R
M A TE R IA
LSPLASTER: it is mineral dust that if
we mixed with water we can use to
covert walls and roofs.
There are three types: black
plaster , white plaster and one
more thin.
CEMENT:The most important use
of cement is the production of
mortar and concrete. The most
common cement is the portlant
cements (made up with clay and
limestone).

8. C O N C R E TE
Concrete is a mixture of water, binder and desintegrated
rocks.
-Concrete is used more than any other man-made
material in the world.
-There are many types of concrete available, created
by varying the proportions of the main ingredients
below:
·Mass concrete: we obtain it of the mixture of
water, cement, sand and chippings.
·Cellular concrete: before the concrete set we add
it some chemical products that expel gases and form
Mass concretebubbles. With this we improve the termic and acustic
insolation.

10. C O N C R E TE
IIReinforced concrete:
-Reinforced concrete is concrete in which
reinforcement bars or fibers have been
incorporated to strengthen a material.
-The first application of reinforced concrete
as a material for the construction of
buildings took place in 1864.
-Concrete is reinforced to give it extra tensile
strength; without reinforcement, many
concrete buildings would not have been
possible.
Cyclopean concrete
-It is the mixture of cement, water and
desegregated rocks of more than 30cm of
Reinforced concretediameter. We use them in walls.

11. C E R A M IC
M A TE R IA
LS
The ceramic materials are pieces made up with
moulded clay
boiled in kilns.
The process of elaboration of ceramic
materials consists in two parts:
-Mixture and moulded: some
machines mix clay with water, then
they give mass form and they pass
them through different types of
nozzles. Finally they cut them in small
pieces.
-Boiling in kilns: the cuted materials
go through chambers with different
temperatures.

12. M A TE R IA LS
IIThe most common ceramic materials are:
-Brick:
·He oldest shaped bricks found date
back to 7,500 B.C.
·They are pieces of boiled clay with a
prismatic shape and with holes.
·There are two types:
-Thin bricks: the aspect and the
colour is attractive. They have a good
mechanic resistance and isolation
properties.
-Poor bricks: they have less
resistance we use them in walls
and
partition walls.

13. C E R A M IC
M A TE R IA
LS IIITexas: boiled pieces of clay that we use in
overcast and roofs.
Tiles:Tiles are generally used for covering
roofs, floors, and walls, showers, or other
objects such as tabletops. Their properties
are impermeable and brightness.
Gres: it is a mixture of clay, quartz and
feldspar we use them to elaborated
ceramic pieces very resistance to the wear
away.
Porcelain: is a ceramic material made by
heating raw materials, generally including
clay in a kiln to temperatures between
1,200 °C and 1,400 °C.

14. O TH E R
M A TE R IA
LS
Metals: the most common are:
-Steel: we use it in supports in reinforced concrete, overcoast,
piers...
-Aluminium: we use it to make up frames of doors, windows...
-Cooper: we use it in gas, water and heating installations.
-Wood: we use it less each time but it also a common material in
roofs,
doors, windows...
-Plastics: we use it in electrics materials, windows...
-Glass: we use it in windows, doors, decoration...
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15. B U ILD IN G
O F B U ILD SThe building of a build is a large and complex process and it
usesa great variety of materials and the work of a lot of
workers.
There are different steeps:
-Prepare the land through some processes of demolish, nivelation...
-Foundation: it is the colocation of the elements that form the base of the
build.
-Structure elevation: in this steep it builds the pillars and braced that form
the plants of the build. The majority of these are form of reinforced concrete.

16. O F B U ILD S II
Water covering: it consists of the colocation of
the overcast in the build, it can variate
depending of the clime of the zone. For example
in places where it snows the overcast it would
be more inclined.
Paving colocation: over the braced of each plant
of the build it puts materials such as marble,
wood...
Upraising of wall: in these steep it builds the
walls and partition walls that close and divided
the plants of the builds with the aim of isolate
of the exterior. It is build up of bricks.
Distribution of installations of water, gas,
electricity, reception of television...
Finish work: in this steep the build is adequate to
their functions.

18. C O N S TR U C TIO
N
M A C H IN E R YWe use different machines in the buildings of builds:
-Digger: we use it in the excavations and movements of the land.
-After the nivelation of the land we compact the land with
steamrollers.
-The materials are transported with lorries.
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19. C O N S TR U C TIO N
M A C H IN E R Y II
-In the construction the materials are elevated with crane that
can have different elements:
*Pylon: a metallic structure in vertical position.
*Jib Crane: a metallic structure in horizontal position that can
turn 360º and it has different longitudes.
*Counterweight: a structure in an extreme of the jib crane.
-Cement mixer: this machine carry out the made up of mortar and
concrete.
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