This document discusses the comparison of materials for civil engineering structures. It explains that materials are compared based on their phase, such as solid, liquid, or gas, and their internal structure and chemical composition. Key factors for choosing the proper material include strength and durability requirements, economy considerations, and environmental and health/safety impacts. Strength requirements depend on the type of loading, such as permanent, repeated, or impact loads. Economy factors include initial cost, lifespan, and maintenance costs. Environmental impacts and health/safety issues must also be considered when selecting building materials.

1. MODULE-4
Comparison of Materials
Prepared By-
Prof. Basweshwar S. J.

2. Comparison of Materials
Stages-
• According to their phases
• According to their internal structure & chemical
composition
Prepared By-
Prof. Basweshwar S. J.

3. • Phases-
Gases : Air, oxygen, CO2
Liquids : Water, chemical admixtures
Semi-solids : Fresh pastes, mortars, asphalt
Solids : Metals, hardened concrete
Prepared By-
Prof. Basweshwar S. J.

4. • Internal structure & chemical composition
One of the most important task of an engineer is to select the most
suitable material for a given civil engineering structure.
Prepared By-
Prof. Basweshwar S. J.

5. Factors Determining the Choice of Proper Material for a
Structure-
Strength, rigidity & Durability Requirements
Permanent loading → Creep Strength
Repeated loading → Fatigue Strength
Impact loading → Toughness & Resilience
Surface loading → Hardness & Resistance to abrasion
Environmental Requirements
– Temperature change → coefficient of thermal conductivity
– Moisture movement → permeability
– Chemical effects → chemical composition
Prepared By-
Prof. Basweshwar S. J.

6. Factors Determining the Choice of Proper Material for a
Structure-
Economy. Choose the cheaper & available materials considering
• Initial cost
• Useful life
• Frequency of maintenance
• Cost of maintenance
• Salvage value
• Comfortability
Prepared By-
Prof. Basweshwar S. J.

7. ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT
Prepared By-
Prof. Basweshwar S. J.

8. ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT
Prepared By-
Prof. Basweshwar S. J.

9. HEALTH AND SAFETY.
Prepared By-
Prof. Basweshwar S. J.

10. HEALTH AND SAFETY.
Prepared By-
Prof. Basweshwar S. J.