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Logical Fallacies
A fallacy of logos where
A is because of B, and B
is because of A, e.g.,
'You can't get a job
without experience, and
you can't get experience
without a job. ' Also
refers to falsely arguing
that something is true
by repeating the same
statement in different
words
The common fallacies
are usefully divided into
three categories:
Fallacies of Relevance,
Fallacies of
Unacceptable Premises,
and Formal Fallacies.
Many of these fallacies
have Latin names,
perhaps because
medieval philosophers
were particularly
interested in informal
logic.
The ad hominem is one of
the most common logical
fallacies. While it can take
many forms — from name
calling and insults, to
attacking a person's
character, to questioning
their motives, to calling
them hypocrites — any
argument that targets the
source, rather than the
argument, is an ad
hominem.
The term logical fallacy is
in a sense self-
contradictory, because
logic refers to valid
reasoning, whereas a
fallacy is the use of poor
reasoning. Therefore, the
term formal fallacy is
preferred. In informal
discourse, however,
logical fallacy is used to
mean an argument which
is problematic for any
reason.
Logical fallacies make an
argument weak by using
mistaken beliefs/ideas,
invalid arguments,
illogical arguments,
and/or deceptiveness. If
you are arguing, avoid
fallacies of thought
because they create
weaknesses in an
argument.
Logical Fallaci-WPS Office.pptx

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Logical Fallaci-WPS Office.pptx

  • 2. A fallacy of logos where A is because of B, and B is because of A, e.g., 'You can't get a job without experience, and you can't get experience without a job. ' Also refers to falsely arguing that something is true by repeating the same statement in different words
  • 3. The common fallacies are usefully divided into three categories: Fallacies of Relevance, Fallacies of Unacceptable Premises, and Formal Fallacies. Many of these fallacies have Latin names, perhaps because medieval philosophers were particularly interested in informal logic.
  • 4. The ad hominem is one of the most common logical fallacies. While it can take many forms — from name calling and insults, to attacking a person's character, to questioning their motives, to calling them hypocrites — any argument that targets the source, rather than the argument, is an ad hominem.
  • 5. The term logical fallacy is in a sense self- contradictory, because logic refers to valid reasoning, whereas a fallacy is the use of poor reasoning. Therefore, the term formal fallacy is preferred. In informal discourse, however, logical fallacy is used to mean an argument which is problematic for any reason.
  • 6. Logical fallacies make an argument weak by using mistaken beliefs/ideas, invalid arguments, illogical arguments, and/or deceptiveness. If you are arguing, avoid fallacies of thought because they create weaknesses in an argument.