COFFEE PROCESSING INDUSTRIAL WASTE AND ITS EFFECT IN WATER AND AIR QUALITY

1. Coffee processing industries waste
and its effect on water and air
quality

2. COFFEE
• Coffee is a major plantation crop grown worldwide and is
one of the most popular beverages consumed throughout
the world.
Three common species of coffee: robusta, arabica and
liberica.
• India is in sixth place in the world coffee production
• Coffee is processed either by wet or dry method.
Wet method -superior quality
Dry method-inferior quality

4. mucilage

5. Characteristics of wastewater
• Wet processing-uses a lot of water
• The resultant effluent is rich in total suspended and
dissolved solids which are biodegradable
• Two main pollution stream
Effluents from pulpers
Effluents from fermentation tanks
EFFLUENTS FROM PULP :
it is highly loaded with quickly fermenting
sugars from breaking down pulp and parts of the
mucilage

6. EFFLUENTS FROM FERMENTATION
TANK:
• hydrolysed sugars from fermentation and/or thick pectin
loaded effluent from mechanical mucilage removers
• The sugars and pectins in the water are fermenting into
acetic acid ,when they are released into local water ways.
• Where they can only be broken down by oxygen in water.
• the amount of oxygen needed to break down pollutants in
the wastewater – referred to as biological oxygen demand,
or BOD
• So the rivers and streams has natural ability to purify the
coffee wastewater effluents

7. • Coffee wastewater also releases methane into the
atmosphere
• as it evaporates, contributing to climate change.
• coffee waste water should follow preliminary
treatment due to the presence of tannins,
polyphenolics and caffeine
• Wastewater quantities: between 1 and 20 cubic
metre/tonne fresh cherry
• The waste water generally has a pH of 4.0 to 4.5.

8. Waste management
• The coffee pulp can be used as organic manure to
the coffee farms. They can also be used as planting
soil for mushrooms.
• Anaerobic digestion has been applied to treat
liquid and solid wastes from the coffee processing
units.
• Employment of new machineries that use low
water for washing
• Coffee pulp solid waste is being converted into
compost, which was used by the suppliers in
fertilizing their coffee farms
• Pulp water for few cycle prior to discharge

9. Effects in air
• Usually the air get affected during roasting
• The air pollutant emissions resulting from coffee
roasting operations include particulate matter
(PM), volatile organic compounds (VOCs),
organic acids, and natural gas combustion
byproducts such as CO, and CO2 .
• The odorous and visible emissions (smoke)
resulting from the roasting process have the
most obvious and direct impact on public

10. Air management
• Each roaster must be equipped with a cyclone
capable of reducing uncontrolled emissions of
particulate matter by at least 70%
• Each roaster must be equipped with an
afterburner capable of reducing uncontrolled
emissions of volatile organic compounds by
atleast 95%