Kafuphi ngezinkondlo, okuhlanganisa isakhiwo sangaphandle nesangaphakathi.

1. IZINKONDLO
Ubunkondlo
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2. INKONDLO NESAKHIWO SAYO
Isakhiwo Sangaphandle
• Indinyana/isigaba (Stanza)
• Imvumelwano (rhyme)
• Isigqi (rhythm)
• Ukuphinda amaphethini (Repetition)
• Impindwa (Refrain)
• Ifanamsindo (Alliteration)
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3. INDINYANA (STANZA)
• Indinyana yethula umqondo nomyalezo owodwa
enkondlweni. Indinyana ingaba nemigqa:
• emibili (Couplet)
• emathathu (trecet)
• emine (quantrain)
• emihlanu (quintet)
• eyisithupha (sestet)
• eyisikhombisa (septet)
• neyisishiyagalombili (octet)
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4. Imvumelwano (rhyme)
• Imvumelwano-sigcino
ab, ab, cc noma ab; ab; cc; dd
• Imvumelwano-siqala
Imvumelwano-maphakathi
• Ngema ngakhexa ngalalela
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5. Cula Ngizwe
Cula ngizwe Moya,
Khona ngizolala sengozela,a
Ngoba ngibona kuqhaqhazela a
Imith’ eluhlaza!
Ngichazele ngezimangaliso b
Nangobuhle nezifanekiso b
Nangothand’ olusha
Noludal’ olungenamongo,c
Nokuthul’ okungenabuthongo c
Bungizume phansi.
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6. Inhliziyo yam’ izokwethaba,
Ukuqaqamb’ okunokwesaba,
Kuyawuthiy’ umqondo.
Ngilethel’ ukuzotha kokuhlwa
Okungaphazanyiswa nje ngumuhlwa
Uququd’ udonga.
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7. ISIGQI (RHYTHM)
• Izinkondlo zabase-Afrika zibanesigqi lapho
imbongi isebenzisa imigqa engalingani nokho
kube nokuhambisana komqondo owethulwa
kuleyo nkondlo.
• Isigqi siveza umoya othile enkondlweni
njengokuthukuthela noma ukukhathazeka.
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8. Isigqi sezinkondlo zabamhlophe
Twinkle, twinkle, little star,
How I wonder what you are.
Up above the world so high,
Like a diamond in the sky.
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9. Isigqi ezinkondlweni zabomdabu
• Udlondlwane luya luhlezi,
• Luya ludlondlobele
• Luyadla lubek’ isihlang’ emadolweni.
• Isidlukula dlwedlwe.
• Uhlany’ olusemehlwe’ amadoda.
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10. Ukuphinda amaphethini
Ukuxhumana kwemiqondo (parallelism)
• ukuxhumana-siqalo (initial linking)
– Ngezwa kuthiwa le misebenzi ngeyakho
– Ngezwa bekuntinyela ngezindosi zamazwi
• ukuxhumana-sigcino (final linking)
– Umshayeli wenqol’udl’ ezimnyama,
– Edlinzeni lakhe kubus’ ubumnyama,
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11. Ukuxhumana ngokuphambanisa
Ukuxhumana okuyinxemu/okutshekile
– Ngema ngakhexa ngalalela
– Ngalalel’ iminjunju yenhliziyo
• Ukuxhumanisa okuyisiphambano
• Ibhubesi lasukela indoda,
• Indoda yaligwaza ibhubesi.
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12. • Ukuxhumanisa ngokuhlela amagama
• Unjengethishelakazi phambi kwezichwe
• Unjengomfundisi phambi kwebandla
(uNyazi 3 Ikhasi 49)
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13. UKUPHINDA AMAPHETHINI
IMPINDWA (REFRAIN)
IFANAMSINDO
• Udlondlwane luya luhlezi,
• Luya ludlondlobele
• Luyadla lubek’ isihlang’ emadolweni.
• Isidlukula dlwedlwe.
• Uhlany’ olusemehlwe’ amadoda.
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14. ISAKHIWO SANGAPHAKATHI
Imifanekiso yomqondo
• Isifaniso (simile)
• Isingathekiso (metaphor)
• Uphawu (symbolism)
• Ukwenzasamuntu (personification)
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15. ILANGA - DBZ Ntuli
Inkunzi ebomvu, uNompondompondo,
Oqhamuke amavukana akhwica amashobana,
Ayosobela kwaSibhakabhaka,
Ngoba engenakuphika nkani.
UMaqhamuka akhonye kwaMpumalanga,
Bathi kukhonya kuni khona lokhu,
Esikuzwe kungena ngamehlo,
Izinkunzana zonkana zikhonya ngamaphinjwana?
Phinde, ngiyaphika, akusinkunzi,
Ngamajininindi.
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16. I wandered lonely as a cloud
That floats on high o'er vales and hills,
When all at once I saw a crowd,
A host, of golden daffodils;
Beside the lake, beneath the trees,
Fluttering and dancing in the breeze.
Continuous as the stars that shine
And twinkle on the milky way,
They stretched in never-ending line
Along the margin of a bay:
Ten thousand saw I at a glance,
Tossing their heads in sprightly dance.
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19. Ukujula Ngenkondlo
• Kuyenzeka ufunde inkondlo ethile uthole
umqondo wayo uphelele. Kodwa lapho
usuyihlolisisa uthole ukuthi iqukethe omunye
umqondo.
• Kungakhulunywa ngelanga kanti kube
kubhekiswe kumuntu ongumholi.
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20. Umoya Osenkondleni
• Imbongi ingabhala inkondlo ngoba ithintekile
ngokuthile. Kungakho ungathi lapho ufunda
inkondlo yayo uzizwe nawe udumala, noma
ujabula noma uzizwe uba nothando oluthile.
• Ngakho-ke kumele inkondlo ivuse imizwa
ethile.
• Bheka ezinkondlweni zakho ukuthi lokho
kwenziwe ngempumelelo yini?
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21. Izinhlobo zezinkondlo zesimanje
Ilirikhi (lyric)
• Ilirikhi uhlobo lwenkondlo equkethe imizwa
yomlobi.
• Kulolu hlobo imbongi/umlobi ukhululekile
ukusho noma yini ayizwayo.
• Ngenxa yobuhle belirikhi kwaze kwaba uhlobo
lwenkondlo eculwayo. Ezilimini zabaMhlophe
yayibhalwa ibe nesigqi ukuze kubelula
ukuyicula.
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22. Izinhlobo zezinkondlo zesimanje
• I-eleji (elegiac verse)
• I-eleji inkonldo esivezela isililo sembongi
kakhulukazi ngomuntu othize oshonile.
• Kulolu hlobo lwenkondlo kulula ukuthola isimo
sembongi kanye nemizwa yayo.
• Okunye okungavela kungaba yindlela imbongi
ikhumbula ngayo isihlobo sayo esingasekho.
• Ngendlela imbongi ibalisa ngayo kungaze
kuvele usizi oluthize.
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23. Izinhlobo zezinkondlo zesimanje
• I-ephiki (epic)
• I-ephiki inkondlo exoxa indaba esamlando.
• Kungaba khona izehlakalo ezithize ezibekwe
ngendlela yobunkondlo.
• Uhlobo olunje aluvamisile esiZulwini. Nokho uma
sibheka izibongo zamakhosi siyazithola izimpawu
ezithize ze-ephiki. Kwesinye isikhathi indaba
exoxwayo iba yindida. Kungalandwa izigameko
ngendlela umlobi abona ngayo izinto.
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24. Izinhlobo zezinkondlo zesimanje
• Isonethi (sonnet)
• Isonethi inkondlo evamise ukuba nemigqa eyi-
14.
• Isonethi ejwayelekile eyase Ntaliyane. Le sonethi
ihlukaniswe izigaba ezimbili. Imigqa yokuqala eyi-
8 kanye nemigqa yesibili eyi-6. Imvamisa imigqa
yokuqala iqukethe umqondo ohlukile
emqondweni wesibili
• abab, cdcd, efef, gg.
• abab, bcbc, cdcd, ee.
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25. Izinhlobo zezinkondlo zesimanje
• Izibongo zesimanje
• Izibongo zesimanje zilandela indlela
yokubhala izinkondlo zesimanje.
• Izibongo ziyahlelwa ukuze kube khona lowo
mgqumo kanye nemvumelwano.
• Izibongo zesimanje zibhalwa phansi
kukhethwe amagama ngobuciko, kanti
izibongo zakudala zibonisa ubuciko bemvelo
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26. Izinhlobo zezinkondlo zesimanje
• Umbhinqo (Satire)
• Lolu hlobo lwenkondlo lugxeka isimilo noma
ukuziphatha komuntu othize.
• Kwesinye isikhathi kungagxekwa noma yini
engahambisani nezinto ezibalulekile ezivumelana
nenhlalo yabantu.
• Lokhu kugxeka kuqonde ukukhuza leyo ndlela
engavumelekile. Ziningi izindlela zokubhala lolu
hlobo lwezinkondlo
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