3D printing is a process where a three-dimensional object is printed layer by layer from a digital file using materials like plastic, metal, or polymer. Designs are made using 3D scanning or CAD software and divided into layers before being printed through different methods like selective laser sintering which fuses small particles with a laser, fused deposition modeling which heats and deposits melted metal, or stereolithography which uses a UV laser on liquid polymer. 3D printing is used for architecture, fossils, crime scene reconstruction, rapid prototyping, mass manufacturing, and personal use with printer costs ranging from $250 to $2000.