Arcadian Learning offers industrial training in Android in Chandigarh to the students pursuing their B.Tech in various streams.

1. Android : An operating System
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2. Overview
 About Android
 Android Feature
 Android Architecture
 Android APP
 Application Component
 Challenges
 Opportunities
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3. About Android . . .
 Android's mobile operating system is based on the Linux
kernel and is the world's best-selling Smartphone.
 There are currently over 200,000 apps available for Android
that are made accessible through the Android Market, which
is the online app store run by Google.
 The apps are primarily written in Java and XML for Layout.
 The Android operating system, including the Linux kernel,
contains approximately 12 million lines of code.
 In this there are: 3 million lines of XML, 2.8 million lines of C,
2.1 million lines of Java, and 1.75 million lines of C++.
 Doesn’t support applications developed for other platforms
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4. Android Features
• Application Framework
• Dalvik virtual machine
• Integrated (web kit) browser
• 2D and 3D graphics APIs with HW
• SQLite
• Video and audio codecs, OpenGL ES
• Bluetooth, EDGE, 3G, and Wi-Fi
• Camera, GPS, compass, and accelerometer
• Open source under the Apache 2 license
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6. Linux Kernel
• Device drivers
• Memory management
• Process management
• Networking
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7. Libraries
• C/C++ libraries
• Interface through Java
• Surface manager – Handling UI Windows
• 2D and 3D graphics
• Media codecs, SQLite, Browser engine
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8. Android Runtime
• Dalvik VM
– Dex files
– Compact and efficient than class files
– Limited memory and battery power
• Core Libraries
– Java 7 Std edition
– Collections, I/O etc.
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9. Application Framework
• API interface
• Activity manager – manages application life cycle.
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10. Applications
• Built in and user apps
• Can replace built in apps
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11. Android Apps
 Apps are written in Java
 Bundled by Android Asset Packaging Tool
 Every App runs its own Linux process
 Each process has it’s own Java Virtual Machine
 Each App is assigned a unique Linux user ID
 Apps can share the same user ID to see each other’s
files
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12. Application Component
 Activity
◦ Present a visual user interface for one focused endeavor the user can undertake
◦ Example: a list of menu items users can choose from
 Services
◦ Run in the background for an indefinite period of time
◦ Example: calculate and provide the result to activities that need it
 Broadcast Receivers
◦ Receive and react to broadcast announcements
◦ Example: announcements that the time zone has changed
 Content Providers
◦ Store and retrieve data and make it accessible to all applications
◦ Example: Android ships with a number of content providers for common data types (e.g., audio, video,
images, personal contact information, etc.)
 Intents
◦ Hold the content of a message
◦ Example: convey a request for an activity to present an image to the user or let the user edit some text
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13. Challenges
• CPU typically runs 500-600 Mhz
• RAM available to an App may only be a few megabytes
• Disk (flash) access is very slow
• Lifecycle - apps must pause/quit often, and restore to give
the illusion that they are always running
• UI design
o typical screen may be HVGA (320x480)
o may be in portrait or landscape
o very high DPI - small text may not be readable
o touch resolution is very low (~25 pixel)
• Network access may be slow and (very) intermittent
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14. Opportunities
• 100s of millions of mobile phone users
• Very high growth, esp. in Asia
• "Wild wild west" of application development
o think 1985 on the desktop (if you were born by then)
o no dominant 3rd party developers.... yet
o what will the killer app categories be?
o what does it mean to have any app + the internet in your
pocket?
• You can develop for it today!
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