2. DEFINITION
• Scabies is an itchy skin condition caused by a
tiny burrowing mite called Sarcoptes scabiei.
• Scabies is contagious and can spread quickly
through close physical contact in a family,
child care group, school, class or nursing
home.
3.
4.
5. CAUSES
• Close physical contact and, less
often, sharing clothing or bedding
with an infected person can spread
the mites.
• Dogs, cats and humans all are
affected by their own distinct species
of mite.
6.
7. SITES
• In children, common sites of infestation
include the:
• Scalp
• Face
• Neck
• Palms of the hands
• Soles of the feet
8.
9. SYMPTOMS
• Itching, often severe
and usually worse at
night.
• Thin, irregular burrow
tracks made up of tiny
blisters or bumps on your
skin
10.
11.
12. TESTS AND DIAGNOSIS
• To diagnose scabies, doctor examines skin,
looking for signs of mites, including the
characteristic burrows.
• When doctor locates a mite burrow, he or she
may take a scraping from that area of skin to
examine under a microscope. The microscopic
examination can determine the presence of
mites or their eggs.
13. TREATMENT
• Scabies treatment involves eliminating the infestation
with medications. Several creams and lotions are
available. The person usually apply the medication over
all body, from neck down, and leave the medication on
for at least eight hours. A second treatment is needed if
new burrows and rash appear.
• Because scabies spreads so easily, the doctor may
recommend treatment for all family members and other
close contacts, even if they show no signs of scabies
infestation.
14. • Medications commonly prescribed for scabies include:
• Permethrin 5 percent (Elimite): Your doctor may
recommend that you apply this cream — which
contains chemicals that kill scabies mites and their
eggs
—twice, with a week or so between each application.
Permethrin is generally considered safe for children
and adults of all ages, including women who are
pregnant or nursing.
• Lindane. This medication — also a chemical
treatment
—is available as a cream, lotion and shampoo. This
medication isn't safe for children younger than age
2 years, women who are pregnant or nursing, or
people with weakened immune systems.
15. • Crotamiton (Eurax). This nonchemical medication is
applied once a day for two to five days. Your doctor
may recommend it if the baby has scabies.
• Although these medications kill the mites promptly,
you may find that the itching doesn't stop entirely
for several weeks.
• Doctors sometimes prescribe the oral medication
ivermectin (Stromectol) for people with altered
immune systems, for people who have crusted
scabies, or for people who don't respond to the
prescription lotions and creams.
16.
17.
18. Prevention
• Prevention
• To prevent re-infestation and to prevent the mites
from spreading to other people, take these steps:
• Clean all clothes and linen. Use hot, soapy water to
wash all clothing, towels and bedding used at least
three days before treatment. Dry with high heat.
Dry-clean items that can't be washed at home.
• Starve the mites. Consider placing items can't be
washed, in a sealed plastic bag and leaving it in an
out-of-the-way place, such as in garage, for a couple
of weeks. Mites die if they don't eat for a week.
19. LIFESTYLE AND HOME REMEDIES
• Itching may persist for some time after you apply
medication to kill the mites. These steps may help you
find relief from itching:
• Cool and soak skin. Soaking in cool water or applying a
cool, wet washcloth to irritated areas of skin may
minimize itching.
• Apply soothing lotion. Calamine lotion, available
without a prescription, can effectively relieve the pain
and itching of minor skin irritations.
• Take antihistamines. At doctor's suggestion, the person
may find that over-the-counter antihistamines relieve
the allergic symptoms caused by scabies
21. • The infection which are caused by candidia albicans are known as candidiasis.
• Candidiasis is normally found on mucus membrane, skin, vagina and gastro intestinal
tract.
22.
23. RISK FACTORS
• Warm or moist areas of skin.
• Use of continuous systemic antibiotics
• Pregnancy
• Use of contraceptive drugs
• Poor nutrition
• DM
• Immuno suppressive stages
24.
25.
26.
27. TREATMENT
• Nystatin is the
most common and
effective drug of
choice for
candidial infection.
• It is more commonly
used in the form of
oral tablets and
vaginal
suppositories.
28.
29. It is an infection and
infestation with lice, the
parasites lives in the blood
of animals and in the
human host.
33. TREATMENT
• Use shampoo which contains lindane.
• Permethrin 1% cream is used for the
treatment of head lice.
• The medicine is applying on the hair then left
for 30 min to 8 hrs then washed it off.the
treatment should repeat weekly.
• Thick layer of petroleum jelly is used twice in a
day for 8 days for the treatment of eyebrow
infestation.
34. NURSING MANAGEMENT
• Wash the linen and cloths with soap and hot
water or dry cleaning of the cloth should be
done.
• Iron the cloths before use
• Do not share the hair brush, comb, cloths like
pillow cover, towel, linen etc.
39. Chickenpox, also known as varicella, is a highly
contagious disease caused by the initial infection with
varicella zoster virus (VZV). The disease results in a
characteristic skin rash that forms small, itchy blisters,
which eventually scab over.
40.
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44.
45.
46. DIAGNOSTIC EVALUATION
PRODROME OF LOW GRADE FEVER
PLEMORPHIC ERUPTION OF
PAPULES,VESICLES, AND PUSTULES
TYPICAL “DEW DROP ON A ROSE PETAL
APPEARANCE
EXPOSURE 14-20 DAYS PREVIOUSLY
FEVER AND MALAISE JUST BEFORE OR WITH
ERUPTION
ELISA TEST
DIRECT FLOURESENT ANTIBODY KITS FOR
RAPID DIAGNOSIS
