presentation about skin diseases, disorders and preventions

2. Skin, the body's largest and most visible
organ, serves as a remarkable barrier
between our internal systems and the
external world. Beyond its protective
function, the skin also plays a vital role
in our appearance, identity, and overall
well-being.

3. DISORDERS AND ABNORMALITIES

4. At the end of the report, students would be able to:
• Identify the different skin diseases and
disorders; and
• Should know the importance of prevention
and must be provided with actionable advice
on maintaining healthy skin.

6. • Ringworm
Ringworm is an itchy,
contagious fungal infection
that causes a ring-shaped
pattern on your skin. Over-the-
counter and prescription
treatments can stop the
fungus from spreading to other
parts of your body or to others.
Fungal infection that produces patchy scaling
and inflammatory response in the skin

7. • Keep the affected area clean and dry.
• Avoid sharing personal items like towels and
clothing.
• Use antifungal creams as prescribed by a doctor.
• Wash hands frequently, especially after touching
the affected area.

8. 2. Eczema and Dermatitis
Inflammatory conditions of the skin caused by
alergy, infection, poor circulation, or exposure
to chemical or environmental factors
Eczema and dermatitis are
skin problems that make your
skin red, itchy, and swollen;
eczema is a more general
term, while dermatitis
specifically means skin
inflammation, and they usually
happen because of allergies,
irritants, or genes, needing
treatment to feel better and
prevent outbreaks.

9. • Moisturize regularly to keep skin hydrated.
• Use mild, fragrance-free soaps and detergents.
• Avoid scratching to prevent infections.
• Identify and avoid trigger factors, such as
allergens or irritants.

10. 3. Psoriasis
Chronic skin disease
characterized by thicker
than normal epidermal
layer (stratum comeum)
that sloughs to produce
large, sivery scales;
bleeding may occur in the
scales are scraped away.

11. • Keep skin moisturized to reduce flakiness.
• Avoid alcohol and smoking, which can worsen
symptoms.
• Follow prescribed treatments, including topical
creams or medications.
• Manage stress through relaxation techniques.

12. 4. Impetigo
Small bisters containing pus; easily rupture to form
a thick, yellowish crust; usually affects children
Impetigo is a contagious skin
infection that causes red
sores or blisters, often
around the mouth and nose,
and it can be itchy; it's
usually caused by bacteria
and can spread through
skin-to-skin contact, but it
can be treated with
antibiotics to help it heal.

13. • Practice good hand hygiene to prevent the
spread.
• Use prescribed antibiotics as directed.
• Keep sores clean and covered with a bandage.
• Avoid close contact until the infection is no
longer contagious.

14. 5. Decubitus ulcers
Develop in people who are
bedridden or confined to a
wheelchair; compression of
tissue and reduced
circulation rest in destruction
of the subcutaneous tissue
and skin, which later
become infected by bacteria,
forming ulcers.
(bedsores or pressure sores)

15. • Change positions regularly to relieve pressure.
• Use support surfaces like special mattresses or
cushions.
• Keep the skin clean and dry.
• Regularly inspect skin for signs of pressure
sores and seek treatment.

16. 6. Rubeola (measles)
Skin lesions; caused by a
virus contracted through the
respiratory
tract; may develop into
pneumonia or infect the
brain, causing damage

17. • If a child hasn't been immunized, measles can
still be prevented by receiving the vaccine
within three days of exposure to the virus.
• Patients with measles should remain in
Airborne Precautions for 4 days after the onset
of rash (with onset of rash considered to be Day
0).

18. 7. Rubela (German measles)
Skin lesions; usualy mild viral
disease contracted through
the respiratory tract; may be
dangerous if contracted
during pregnancy because
the virus can cross the
placenta and damage the
fetus

19. • The most effective way to prevent rubella is through the MMR (measles,
mumps, and rubella) vaccine.
• Practice good hand hygiene by washing your hands with soap and water
regularly
• If you or someone in your household contracts rubella, it's crucial to isolate
the infected person to prevent the spread of the virus.
• Use mild soap and lukewarm water to cleanse the skin, and pat it dry gently.
Avoid excessive rubbing, which could irritate the rash.
• Drink plenty of fluids to stay hydrated, as this can help with skin recovery.
• The rash caused by rubella can make your skin more sensitive to sunlight.
Try to stay out of direct sunlight and use sunscreen if you must go outside.

20. 8. Chicken pox
Skin lesions; usualy mild viral
disease contracted through
the respiratory tract

21. • Avoid scratching to prevent scarring and infection.
• Take cool baths and use calamine lotion to relieve
itching.
• Keep nails trimmed short to reduce the risk of
scratching.
• Stay isolated until all blisters have crusted over to
prevent spreading.

22. 9. Shingles
Painful skin lesions that can
recur when the dormant virus
is activated by trauma, stress,
or another illness; caused by
the chicken pox virus after
childhood infection

23. • Keep the rash clean and covered to prevent
infection.
• Take antiviral medications as prescribed by a doctor.
• Use over-the-counter pain relievers for discomfort.
• Avoid close contact with individuals who have not
had chickenpox or the shingles vaccine.

24. 10. Cold sores (fever blisters)
Skin lesions; caused by
herpes simplex I virus;
transmitted by oral or
respiratory routes; lesions
recur

25. • Apply antiviral creams or ointments to reduce healing
time.
• Avoid sharing utensils, lip balm, or towels to prevent
spread.
• Keep the affected area clean and dry.
• Manage stress, as it can trigger outbreaks.

26. 11. Genital Herpes
Genital lesions; caused by
herpes simplex II virus;
transmitted by sexual contact

27. • Practice safe sex by using condoms or dental dams.
• Take antiviral medications as prescribed by a doctor.
• Avoid sexual activity during outbreaks to prevent
transmission.
• Discuss prevention strategies with your healthcare
provider.

29. In terms of cancer, skin cancer is the
most typical. Cancer is known to be
brought on by chemicals and radiation
(x-rays), but skin cancer is most
commonly associated to sun exposure
due to ultraviolet (UV) light. Skin cancer
subsequently develops on the hands,
faces, or neck.

30. In conclusion, taking care of our skin is vital for overall
health and well-being. Skin disorders and abnormalities
can be uncomfortable, sometimes painful, and even
contagious, making prevention and proper care
essential. Whether it's conditions like eczema, dermatitis,
psoriasis, or contagious illnesses such as chickenpox,
shingles, or cold sores, understanding how to manage
and prevent them is crucial.

31. Therefore, prioritizing hygiene, vaccination, and stress
management plays a crucial role in preventing various
skin-related issues. Furthermore, seeking timely medical
advice and diligently following prescribed treatments can
effectively alleviate symptoms and avert potential
complications. In the end, by remaining well-informed
and taking proactive measures, we can safeguard our
skin and overall health more effectively.