Imperative sentences...direct indirect...English

1. Name : Anza Afzal Dar
Department: Zoology
UNIVERSITY OF GUJRAT
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2. Direct and Indirect
(Imperative Sentences)
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3. Imperative Sentences
An Imperative sentence is a sentence that gives
an order , a command,a request or an advice.
Examples:
1. Please close the door. (Request)
2. Do yoga daily. (Advice)
3. Switch off the fan.(Command)
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4. RULE 1
According to the emotion of Reporting Verb, ‘said to’ is
replaced with words like Requested, Advised, Ordered,
Commanded, Suggested, Warned etc.
Direct: The old woman said to the boy, ‘Please help me.’
Indirect: The old woman requested the boy to help her.
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5. RULE 2
If the reporting sentence contains words like 'please' ,
they are not retained in Indirect Speech as this expression
is already contained in the changed word "Request /
Requested" in the Reporting Verb.
Direct: Neelam said to her boss,"Please grant me leave for three days.“
Indirect: Neelam requested her boss to grant her leave for three days.
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6. RULE 3
In Imperative sentences, Comma (,) and Inverted
Commas ("...") are removed and a Conjunction word
'To' is used to join both parts of the sentence.
Direct: "Please close the window", the teacher said.
Indirect: The teacher asked me to close the window
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7. RULE 4
In Negative Imperative Sentence, 'Do Not' is removed and
'Not to' is used to make the Indirect Speech of the
Sentence. If we use 'forbade' in place of 'said to' of the
reported verb of negative imperative sentence, then we
should not use 'not' again in the sentence because the
meaning of ‘forbade' itself is negative.
Direct: She said to her friend, "Do not tell a lie.“
Indirect: She advised her friend not to tell a lie.
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8. He said: “Don’t go to the
park”
He ordered not to go to the park.
Negative form of an
infinitive:
NOT + INFINITIVE
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9. Do not tell a lie.
Imperative Sentence
(original sentence)
Direct: She said to her son , “Do
not tell a lie”.
Indirect :She warned her son
not to tell a lie.
Imperative action in infinitive
form
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10. IMPERATIVE DIRECT
SPEECH.
Direct: “Call the first witness”, the
Judge said.
The direct speech uses the exact same
words between quotes (“ ” ).
IMPERATIVE
INDIRECT SPEECH.
Indirect: The Judge commanded
them to call the first witness.
The indirect speech uses the
imperative in infinitive
Call the first witness
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11. Direct :The teacher
said, “Please keep the
noise down!”
Indirect: The
teacher told us to
keep the noise
down.
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12. Indirect: The doctor advised the
patient to quit smoking.
Direct: The doctor said to
the patient, “Quit
smoking”.
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13. Direct: Dua said to Sania,
" Don't waste your time."
Indirect: Dua advised Sania not
to waste his time.
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Direct: “Why don’t you sleep
overnight at my house?” she
said.
Indirect: She suggested
that I sleep overnight at
her house.

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