historical development of social work in usa

2. INTRODUCTION
• UNITED STATES OF AMERICA TOO CONTRIBUTED IN THE FIELD OF SOCIAL WORK
CHARITY ORGANISATION SOCIETY AND SETTLEMENT HOUSE MOVEMENT STARTED IN AMERICA
THESE GOT POPULAR IN AMERICA SOONER THAN ANY OTHER PART OF THE WORLD WHERE SOCIAL WORK
STARTED

3. HOW IT STARTED
• IT ALL STARTED WHEN SOCIAL SCIENTISTS HIGHLIGHTED THE PROBLEM WHICH WAS ‘POVERTY IN
AMERICAN SOCIETY’.
IT WAS ATTRACTED BY THE GOVERNMENT AND THEN MANY TYPES OF PROGRAMMES WERE STARTED FOR
SOCIAL HELP.

4. TIME PERIODS OF DEVELOPMENT OF SOCIAL WORK
• THIS DEVELOPMENT CAN BE DIVIDED IN FOLLOWING TIME PERIODS:
(A) CHARITY PERIOD
(B) LOCAL HELP PERIOD
(C) STATE HELP PERIOD
(D) SUPERINTENDENCE, CO-ORDINATION AND TRAINING PERIOD
(E) ‘WORKING WITH YOUTH’ PERIOD
(F) ‘WORKING WITH NEEDY PERSONS’ PERIOD
(G) SOCIAL SECURITY PERIOD
(H) POVERTY ERADICATION PERIOD

5. CHARITY PERIOD
• IN THE STARTING OF 17TH CENTURY, MANY PEOPLE SHIFTED FROM ENGLAND TO AMERICA.
ALTHOUGH THEY USED TO TAKE UNEMPLOYMENT AND POVERTY AS CRIME OR SIN BUT THE CONDITIONS
COERCED THEM TO BE UNEMPLOYED AND POOR.
IN THIS PERIOD THE SOCIAL WORK STARTED AS SOCIAL HELP FOR THESE KIND OF PEOPLE AND THEY
WERE HELPED.

6. LOCAL HELP PERIOD
• IN THIS PERIOD ELIZABETH’ POOR LAW WAS ADOPTED BY THE COLONIES AND THE RESPONSIBILITIES OF
THE MAINTENANCE OF POOR WAS GIVEN.
IN MASSACHUSETTS, A LAW WAS PASSED IN WHICH STRAY BEGGARS AND UNMANAGED PEOPLE WERE
KEPT AS WORKMEN TO WHIM LIVING FACILITIES TOO WERE PROVIDED.

7. STATE HELP PERIOD
• IN THIS PERIOD, POOR AND BEGGARS WERE HELPED BY THE STATE GOVERNMENT.
FIRST OF ALL, MASSACHUSETTS STATE TOOK THE RESPONSIBILITIES TO BEAR THE IMPORTANT
EXPENDITURE OF POOR AND AFTER THAT MANY OTHER STATES ALSO STARTED TO HELP THE BEGGARS AND
POOR.

8. SUPERINTENDENT, COORDINATION AND TRAINING
PERIOD
• STATES BOARD OF CHARITIES WAS ESTABLISHED FOR ALL CHARITY INSTITUTIONS CONDUCTED BY STATE
GOVERNMENT IN MASSACHUSETTS. OTHER STATES DID THE SAME.
ALL RIGHTS RELATED TO SUPERINTENDENCE AND CONTROL WERE GIVEN TO ‘DEPT. OF PUBLIC WELFARE’.
IN THIS PERIOD, BUFFALO CHARITY ORGANISATION SOCIETY HAS ESTABLISHED. THIS SOCIETY HAD AN
IDEOLOGY THAT HELP PROFIT IS ACTUALLY HARMFUL FOR WHOEVER IS GETTING IT.
SO A COUNCIL OF SOCIAL AGENCIES WAS ESTABLISHED IN PITTSBURGH WHICH WORK WAS TO
ESTABLISH COORDINATION AND PLANNING.

9. ‘WORKING WITH YOUTHS’ PERIOD
• IN THIS PERIOD CAPTAIN J V SULLYMAN ESTABLISHED FIRST AMERICAN YOUNG MEN ASSOCIATION
WHICH WORK WAS TO FULFIL THE NEEDS OF AMERICAN YOUTHS.
MANY ASSOCIATION WERE ESTABLISHED, SOME OF THOSE ARE:
FIRST YOUNG WOMEN CHRISTIAN ASSOCIATION
AMERICAN BOY SCOUTS
CAMPFIRE GIRLS
GIRL’S GUIDE ETC.

10. WORKING WITH NEEDY PERSON PERIOD
IN THIS PERIOD THOSE PEOPLE WERE HELPED WHO HAD NO CO-ORDINATION MUTUALLY.
CHARLES B STOVER ESTABLISHED NEIGHBOUR GUILD OF NEW YORK CITY. THIS IS KNOWN NOW AS
UNIVERSITY SETTLEMENT HOUSE.
AFTER THAT, MANY ASSOCIATION WERE ESTABLISHED FOR SUCH PEOPLE. SOME OF THOSE ARE: ENDEAVOUR
HOUSE, HENRY STREET SETTLEMENT AND CO-OPERATIVE SOCIAL SETTLEMENT ETC.

11. SOCIAL SECURITY PERIOD
• IN THIS PERIOD, ACTUALLY ECONOMIC CRISIS HAPPENED AND PEOPLE GOT UNEMPLOYED.
THEY WERE HELPED BY SOCIAL ORGANISATIONS BUT THAT PROBLEM WAS SO BIG THAT ALL FINANCIAL
RESOURCES WERE FINISHED.
IN THIS SITUATION, AMERICAN CONGRESS PASSED EMERGENCY RELIEF AND CONSTITUTE ACT

12. POVERTY ERADICATION PERIOD
• IT WAS STARTED AFTER 1961.
THE QUALITY OF THIS PERIOD WAS POVERTY ERADICATION.
IN THIS PERIOD, POVERTY WAS TRIED TO ERADICATE BY GOVERNMENT.

13. CONCLUSION
• SO IT IS CONCLUDED THAT SOCIAL WORK HAS DEVELOPED IN THE USA TOO LIKE ANY PART OF THE
WORLD.
IT EXTENDED ITS WORKING FIELD AND DEVELOPED IN THE CONTEXT OF METHODS TOO LIKE IT USED TO
WORK WITH TRADITIONAL METHODS AT A TIME AND NOW IT IS EXCHANGED WITH NEW ECHNIQUES AND
METHODS.

14. THANK YOU