In this presentation we are going to discuss about some great modifications that can be made in electric car to make it more eco-friendly!

1. ADVANCED ECO-CAR
ANIKET S. JADHAV
SE-MECH, PIIT, NEW PANVEL.

2. INDEX
 ELECTRIC CAR AND ITS ADVANTAGES
 ELECTRIC CAR HYBRID WITH SOLAR ENERGY
 PIEZOELECTRICITY AND ITS USE IN THE CAR
 ENERGY FROM BODY MOVEMENTS

3. ELECTRIC CAR ADVANTAGES
 NO GAS REQUIRED
 NO EMISSIONS
 LOW MAINTENANCE
 REDUCED NOISE POLLUTION
 COST EFFECTIVE

4. LIMITATION- SHORT RANGE
MAKING IT HYBRID WITH SOLAR ENERGY
1) FREE
2) RENEWABLE
3) NON-POLLUTANT

5. Instead of only
solar panels, also
apply spherical lens
Advantages of
Spherical Lens-
1) Increases surface area
2) Concentrated sunlight
3) Protection of solar
panel

6. For a simple square solar panel of
dimension ‘d’, area absorbing sunlight
is d^2.
Taking sphere of diameter ‘d’, the
effective area absorbing the sunlight is
equal to
½(3.142*d^2)= 1.571*d^2
Energy absorption increases by 0.571
times, i.e. efficiency of absorbing
radiations increases by 57.1%, when
sun is overhead.

7. Efficiency of absorbing
sunlight increases by 57%
If solar panel of 2 square meter
and 20% efficiency is used, then
output is 3 KWh per day.
By using spherical lens output is
4.5 KWh per day.
So, Range increases by 45 km.

8. Piezoelectric materials generate electrical energy
when subjected to mechanical strain.
Benders made of PZT(Lead Zirconate Titanate,
the most common piezoelectric ceramic material)
attached to inner part of the tyre.
To obtain high power output from this process, it
is useful to cover as much of a tyre’s inner
surface area as possible with PZT benders.
PIEZOELECTRICITY

9. A 4*40 array of low cost highly
bendable PZT elements is bonded
to most of the inner surface of the
tyre.
Experiments shows that a power
output of 2.3 Watt can be produced
at 854rpm(100km/h).
By using two layers of PZT, output is
doubled to 4.6 Watt.
A car have 4 tyres, so total output is
equal to 4.6*4=18.4 Watt
Wise source of getting energy

10. We can get multiplied output if we go on
increasing the number of layers of PZT.
So the power generated with PZT benders
provide sufficient proof of the feasibility
of using the method for running onboard
devices and lowers the stress on battery
and helps to increase the range.
The electricity developed by PZT also
depends on rpm.

11. ENERGY FROM BODY MOVEMENTS
‘Porous polymer liquid electrolyte
sandwiched between two very thin
layers of lithium alloy electrodes’ is
used.
This material when bent by some
mechanical action, uneven mechanical
stresses cause the lithium ions to
circulate through the electrolyte.
Due to this transfer of ions an electric
current is produced
These devices are flexible and less likely
to break under mechanical stress.

12. This mechanism can be used, under
the dashboard of the car.
The idea is, when a person seated,
applies force with the help of legs
on that link, then it bends and
causes the flow of lithium ions to
generate charge.
This mechanism is very helpful for
exercising, due to which small
amount of electric charge also
develops.

13. So, the techniques discussed to get a good range Eco-Car are
1) ELECTRIC CAR
2) MODIFIED SOLAR PANEL
3) PIEZOELECTRIC TYRES
4) ENERGY FROM BODY MOVEMENTS
With the help of these we can maintain personal as well as
environmental health.

14. Other Ways to Increase Range
1) Accelerate smoothly
2) Low top speeds
3) Smart braking
4) Climate control during charging

15. REFERENCES
1) Electric vehicle technology explained by James
Larminie, Seth Leitman.
2) A Solar Car Primer by Eric F. Thacher
3) Piezoelectricity by George W. Taylor, Walter A.
Cady.
4) MIT articles about liquid electrolytes and lithium
electrodes
5) Google and Teacher.

16. THANK YOU