this presentation covers general idea of computer network and communication systems.

1. NETWORK AND
COMMUNICATION
Presented by:
Amodh Pandey
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2.  What is a network?
 Evolution of Network?
 Need for Networking
 Types of Network
 LAN
 MAN
 WAN
 Topology
 Types of Topology
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4.  Network is a group of computers and associated
devices that are connected by communications
facilities.
 An interconnected collection of autonomous
computers.
 When two or more computers are joined together
so that they are capable of exchanging
information,they form a network
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5.  Resource sharing-Through a network,data can be
shared irrespective of the physical location of the
resources and the user.
 Reliability-A file can have its copies on two or more
computers of network.
 Reduced cost-Sharing resources reduces the cost.
 Fast communication- information can be exchanged
in minimum time. 5

6.  LAN(Local Area Network)
 MAN( Metropolitian Area Network)
 WAN(Wide Area Network)
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7. o Network that is confined to
relatively small area.eg:
school,lab.
o In typical LAN
configuration,one computer is
designated as the file server.
o On most LANs,cables are used
to connect the network
interface cards in each
computer.
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8.  Network spread over a
city
 Purpose is to share
data among its users.
 E.g Cable T.V. Network.
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9.  It connects larger geographic
areas,such as two countries or
even continents.
 Dedicated transoceanic cabling or
satellite uplinks may be used to
connect this type of network.
 Connected through public
networks such as telephone lines
,or satellite.
 Largest WAN is Internet. 9

10.  The pattern of interconnection of node in a
network is called the topology.
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11.  A linear bus topology
consists of a main run of
cable with a terminator at
each end.
 All nodes(file
server,workstations,and
peripherals)are connected to
linear cable.
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12. Advantage of bus topology
o Easy to connect computer to a linear bus.
o Requires less cable length than a star topology.
Disadvantage of a linear buss topology
 Entire network shuts down if there is break in
the main cable
 Difficult to identify problem if the entire
network shuts down.
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13.  It is designed with each node
connected directly to a central
network hub or connector.
 Data on a star network passes
through hub before reaching
to the destination.
 The hub or connector
manages and controls all the
function of network. 13

14. Advantages of Star Topology:
 Easy to install and wire.
 No disruptions to the network when connecting
or removing devices.
 Easy to detect faults and remove parts
Disadvantages of Star Topology:
 Requires more cable length than a linear
topology.
 If the connector hub fails, notes attached are
disabled.
 More expensive than bus topology. 14

15.  A local area network formed
in a ring(closed loop)Topology
that uses passing as a mean
to regulate traffic on the line.
 Data passes from one
destination to another in a
closed loop.
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16. Advantages of Ring Topology:
 Uses less amount of cable compared to star.
 No wiring closet space required.
 Suitable for optical fibres(i.e. High speed and
traffic travels in one direction).
Disadvantage of ring topology:
 Node failure causes network failure.
 Difficult to diagnose faults.
 Network reconfiguration is difficult.It is not
possible to shut down small the ring topology. 16

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