The education system in Kenya

1. NATIONAL SYSTEMS OF EDUCATION
EDUCATION IN KENYA
National goals in education
1. To foster nationalism, patriotism and promote national unity
-There are many ethnic groups in Kenya thus education should help the youth acquire a
sense of national worth.
-Should instill in the youth positive attitude towards mutual respect and unity.
2. To promote the social, economic, technological and industrial needs for national
development.
-Under economic needs the education system intends to produce citizens with skills,
knowledge, expertise and personal qualities required to support a growing economy.
-Under technological and industrial needs education intends to produce learners with skills
and attitudes for individual development.
3. To provide individual development and self fulfillment.
-Education provides opportunities for the fullest development of individual talents and
personality
-Education intends to help children develop potential interests, abilities and character
building.
4. To promote sound moral and religious values
-Provides for the development of knowledge, skills and activities that will enhance
acquisition of sound moral values.
-Education should help students be self disciplined, self reliant and interrogated citizens.

2. • 5. To promote social equality and responsibility
-Providing equal opportunities for all.
-Education should provide children with varied and challenging opportunities for
collective activities and cooperate social services regardless of gender, ability or
geographical environment.
• 6. To promote respect for development of Kenya rich and varied culture
-Instilling in the youth and understanding of past and present culture and their valid
place in the contemporary society.
7. To promote international consciousness and foster positive attitude towards other
nations.
-Youth should accept membership in the international community with all its
obligations, rights, benefits and responsibilities
8. To promote positive attitudes towards good health and environmental protection.
Education is supposed to inculcate in the youth, the value of good health to avoid
indulging in activities that can lead to bad health.
-Foster positive attitude towards environmental conservation and protection.

3. Structure of Kenyan education system
• Two systems running concurrently
• 8-4-4
• 2-6-6-3(CBC)
• The education system consist of
Early childhood education -3yrs
Primary education -8yrs
Secondary education -4yrs
Tertiary education -2-3 yrs
University education -4yrs and above.

4. Who finances education in Kenya?
-The government
-Parents
-Private sector
-Donors
-Foreign governments
-Inter-national cooperation (World Bank, UNICEF,
USAID)
-Students loans and bursaries
-Charitable organizations and well wishers
-Faith based organizations
-Fund raising

5. Challenges facing education in Kenya (8-
4-4, 2-6-6-3)
Challenges facing education in Kenya (8-4-4, 2-6-6-3)
• Lack of adequate infrastructure by class rooms, learning
materials
• Lack of clear legal guidelines on the implementation of
inclusive education to all children regardless of status e.g.
special needs
• Lack of reliable data especially on children with special needs,
out of school, youth and illiterate adults. The problems can’t
be dealt with effectively.
• Low transition rates from primary to secondary, from
secondary to higher education. A good system should be able
to transit all pupils
• Out dated curriculum for technical, vocational education and
training.

6. • Inadequate physical facilities for technical and vocational
training.
• Limited resources for university expansion to cope with the
number of secondary school leavers
• Mis match of the skills offered by the universities and the
demands of the lab our market.
• HIV/AIDS/COVID 19
• High pupil to teacher ratio
• Teacher shortages-government is reluctant of employing
teachers
• Poor teacher remuneration –people are discouraged to join
the profession.
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