Idukki district Water Development Plan

1. IDUKKI
DRINKING WATER
SECTOR
119/26/20119/26/2011
Drinking WaterDrinking Water
SectorSector
((IdukkiIdukki District)District)

2. IDUKKI DISTRICT AT A GLANCE
Number of Panchayaths - 53 Nos.
Municipality - 1 Nos.
Total population as per
2001 census - 11.29Lakhs
2011 census - 11.07453Lakhs.
Total No. of Constituency - 5Nos
Total No. of blocks - 8 Nos

3. SOURCES IN IDUKKI DISTRICT
SL
No
Source Type
1 Surface water
1.Spring
2.Stream
3.River
4.Reservoirs
2 Ground water
1.Pond
2.Open well
3.Bore well
3 Rain water 1.Rain water harvesting tank
Major Rivers in Idukki district
Periyar
Part of Muvattupuzha (Kaliyar and Thodupuzha)
Pampar (east flowing river)

4. Major Rivers and
dams in Idukki
district

5. GROUND WATER POTENTIAL

6. Domestic usage
of ground Water

7. Agricultural
and domestic
usage of
Ground water

8. 0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
Adimali
Alacode
Arakkulam
Ayyappancoil
Baisonvally
Chakkupallam
Chinnakanal
Devikulam
Edamalakudi
Edavetty
Elappara
Erattayar
Idukki-
Kamakshy
Kanchiyar
Kanthalloor
Karimannoor
Karimkunnam
Karunapuram
Kattappana
Kodikulam
Kokkayar
Konnathady
Kudayathoor
Kumaramanga
Kumily
Manakkad
Mankulam
Marayoor
Mariyapuram
Munnar
Muttom
Nedumkanda
Pallivasal
Pampadumpar
Peerumade
Peruvanthana
Purapuzha
Rajakkad
Rajakumari
Santhanpara
Senapathy
Thodupuzha
Udumbanchola
Udumbannoor
Upputhara
Vandanmedu
Vandiperiyar
Vannapuram
Vathikudy
Vattavada
Vazhathope
Vellathuval
Velliyamattom
MCM
Net annual
GW Availability
Existing Gross GW Draft for domestic and
industrial water supply
Existing Gross GW Draft for all uses

9. Rain fall details in Idukki
Monthly Rainfall data for the period 1996 to 2005
Month
Rainfall (mm) at various Rain Gauge Stations
Thodupuzha Peerumedu Vandanmedu Munnar
January 25.00 16.70 26.80 16.10
February 33.10 36.20 14.00 23.70
March 82.60 56.30 42.50 39.30
April 204.80 135.10 107.60 146.90
May 333.20 313.00 145.50 252.20
June 735.60 927.70 360.80 743.40
July 758.9 1080.60 466.30 1098.20
August 557.10 639.80 310.80 72.80
September 337.10 429.6 188.40 341.7
October 433.70 466.4 229.60 263.1
November 244.50 211.8 157.40 136.3
December 59.50 57.9 57.90 39.6
Total 3805.10 4371.10 2107.60 3173.30

10. Water Requirements
As per norms requirement is follows
40 lpcd of drinking water for human beings in rural
areas
30 lpcd additional water for cattle’s in areas under
the DDP ( Desert Development program ).
One hand pump or stand post for every 250
persons
Availability of water sources in the habitations are
within 1.60 km in the plain and 100 m elevations in
hill areas.
140 lpcd for human beings in urban areas

13. 0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
Adimali
Arakkulam
Baisonvally
Chinnakanal
Edamalakudi
Elappara
Idukki-Kanjikuzhi
Kanchiyar
Karimannoor
Karunapuram
Kodikulam
Konnathady
umaramangalam
Manakkad
Marayoor
Munnar
Nedumkandam
Pampadumpara
Peruvanthanam
Rajakkad
Santhanpara
Thodupuzha(M)
Udumbannoor
Vandanmedu
Vannapuram
Vattavada
Vellathuval
%of population covered by below 40 LPCD
%of population covered by Private source
% of population covered by LSGI
% of population Covered by KWA

14. WATER DISTRIBUTION
1. Total no. of KWA Schemes - 144
2. Total no. of public taps - 4279
3. Total no. of domestic connection (June 2011) – 19,541
4. Total no. of non domestic connection (June 2011) – 1,707
5. Total no. of Industrial connection (June 2011) – 3
6. Total number of benefited population – 4, 00, 000

16. COVERAGE OF KWA SCHEME IN PANCHAYATH WISE
12949
0.00
10985
0.91%
9607
0.00
11027
58.95%
68205
17.59%
17315
11.55%
5102
0.00
0
10000
20000
30000
40000
50000
60000
70000
POPULATION
Chinnakanal Kanthalloor Mankulam Marayoor Munnar Santhanpara Vattavada
PANCHAYATH
DEVIKULAM BLOCK
population
KWA Coverage

17. COVERAGE OF KWA SCHEME IN PANCHAYATH WISE
Karunapuram, 26033
1.38%
Nedumkandam , 39165
28.09%
Pampadumpara , 22548
4.88%
Rajakkad, 14984
20.02%
Rajakumari , 16303
73.61%
Senapathy , 12818
0.78%
Udumbanchola, 18325
19.10%
0
5000
10000
15000
20000
25000
30000
35000
40000
POPULATION
Karunapuram Pampadumpara Rajakumari Udumbanchola
PANCHAYATH
NEDUKANDAM BLOCK
population
KWA Coverage

18. COVERAGE OF KWA SCHEME IN PANCHAYATH WISE
27440
36.44% 12393
32.28%
34558
46.30%
26357
64.50% 17790
44.41%
45778
41.50%
0
5000
10000
15000
20000
25000
30000
35000
40000
45000
50000
POPULATION
Elappara Kokkayar Kumily Peerumade Peruvanthanam Vandiperiyar
PANCHAYATH
AZHUTHA BLOCK
population
KWA Coverage

19. COVERAGE OF KWA SCHEME IN PANCHAYATH WISE
14668
22.50%
20380
40.00%
19097
0.00%
22878
8.74%
39608
25.28%
28953
50.08%
28718
27.86%
0
5000
10000
15000
20000
25000
30000
35000
40000
POPULATION
Ayyappancoil Chakkupallam Erattayar Kanchiyar Kattappana Upputhara Vandanmedu
PANCHAYATH
KATTAPPANA BLOCK
population
KWA Coverage

20. COVERAGE OF KWA SCHEME IN PANCHAYATH WISE
20262
59.22%
28504
16.14%
20021
0.00
12675
0.00
28301
30.03%
19502
36.05%
0
5000
10000
15000
20000
25000
30000
POPULATION
Arakkulam Idukki-
Kanjikuzhi
(Part)
Kamakshy Mariapuram Vathikudy Vazhathope
PANCHAYATH
IDUKKI BLOCK
population
KWA Coverage

21. COVERAGE OF KWA SCHEME IN PANCHAYATH WISE
9855
25.37%
19301
38.86%
13187
68.25%
11881
54.71%
23452
38.59%
27449
67.40%
21557
68.70%
0
5000
10000
15000
20000
25000
30000
POPULATION
Alacode Karimannoor Kodikulam Kudayathoor Udumbannoor Vannapuram Velliyamattom
PANCHAYATH
ELAMDESAM BLOCK
population
KWA Coverage

22. COVERAGE OF KWA SCHEME IN PANCHAYATH WISE
Edavetty, 11960
71.07%
Karimkunnam , 12659
71.10%
Kumaramangalam (Part),
14025
71.30%
Manakkad, 14651
75.08%
Muttom , 10610
75.40%
Purapuzha, 12373
56.57%
0
2000
4000
6000
8000
10000
12000
14000
16000
POPULATION
Edavetty Kumaramangalam (Part) Muttom
PANCHAYATH
THODUPUZHA BLOCK
population
KWA Coverage

23. COVERAGE OF KWA SCHEME IN PANCHAYATH WISE
36314
46.95%
14155
17.24%
31529
1.27%
17554
56.97%
26309
6.08%
0
5000
10000
15000
20000
25000
30000
35000
40000
POPULATION
Adimali Baisonvally Konnathady Pallivasal Vellathuval
PANCHAYATH
ADIMALI BLOCK
population
KWA Coverage

24. THODUPUZHA MUNICIPALITY
SCHEME NOT COVERED
AREA
23%
SCHEME COVERED AREA
77%
MUNICIPALITY COVERAGE

25. JALANIDHI
Name of Grama
Panchayath
No of
schemes
No of rain water
structures
Existing
coverage
Jalanidhi
Coverage
Total
Coverage
Vellathooval 46 223 33% 24% 57%
Mariyapuram 27 608 16% 37% 53%

26. QUALITY STANDARD
The drinking water specification as per Indian Standard (First Revision IS 10500:1991 BIS, New
Delhi, India)
Si
No
Substance or Characteristic
Requirement
(Desirable
Limit)
Permissible
limit in the
absence of
alternate
source
1 Colour, (Hazen unit), Max 5 5
2 Odour Unobjectionable --
3 Taste Agreeable --
4 Turbidity (NTU), Max 5 10
5 pH value 6.5 to 8.5 No relaxation
6 Total Hardness (as CaCo3) mg/L, Max 300 600
7 Iron (as Fe) mg/L, Max 0.3 1.0
8 Chlorides (as Cl) Mg/L, Max 250 1000
9 Residual, free chlorine, mg/L, Min 0.2 --
10 Fluoride (as F) mg/L, Max 1.0 1.5

35. WATER SUPPLY SYSTEM
1. PUMPING WATER SUPPLY SCHEME
2. BOREWELL WITH HAND PUMP
3. PUBLIC WELL
4. GRAVITY SCHEME
Water Treatments
Water treatment consists of following process
1. Aeration
2. Coagulation
3. Sedimentation
4. Filtration
5. Disinfections

36. WATER TREATMENT PLANTS
Rapid Sand Filter - 2 Nos
Slow Sand Filter - 15 Nos
Pressure filter - 3 Nos
Infiltration gallery – 21 Nos
Disinfections of water done by
chlorination using chlorine gas,
bleaching powder etc

37. Perspective of Water Supply from 2000 to 2010
Year
Incremental
supply of
water in
MLD
Total Supply
Population
Benefited
Cumulative
Population
2000 0.035 17.08 37500 426958
2001 1.5 18.58 35875 464458
2002 1.435 20.01 7500 500333
2003 0.3 20.31 1750 507833
2005 0.07 20.38 875 509583
2008 0.035 20.42 250 510458
2009 0.01 20.43 51500 510708
2010 2.06 22.49 309708 562208
QUANTITY OF WATER SUPPLY

38. PRODUCTION AND SUPPLY
23.242
25.242
27.292 27.692 27.792 27.842 27.852
30.452
44.079152
53.703844
22.49
34.88
43.63
17.08
18.58
20.01 20.31 20.38 20.42 20.43
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
2000 2001 2002 2003 2005 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012
YEAR
MLD
Cum Production
Cum Supply
Forecasted
supply
Forecasted
Production

39. Ground water
Development in
1992

40. Ground water
Development in
2004

41. Ground water
Development in
2009

42. 0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
Adim
ali
Arakkulam
Baisonvally
C
hinnakanal
Edam
alakudi
Elappara
Idukki-Kanjikuzhi
Kanchiyar
Karim
annoor
Karunapuram
Kodikulam
Konnathady
Kum
aram
angalamM
anakkadM
arayoorM
unnar
Nedum
kandam
Pam
padum
para
PeruvanthanamR
ajakkad
Santhanpara
Thodupuzha
(M
)
U
dum
bannoor
Vandanm
edu
VannapuramVattavada
Vellathuval
% GW Development(1992)
% GW Development (2004)
% GW Development (2009)

43. Problems facing in Ground water extraction
Unlimited Exploitation of ground water
Unauthorized digging bore wells
Lack of recharging
Lowering of the water table.
Contamination of water due to unhygienic
living condition.

44. Problems facing in Ground water
extraction
Remedies proposed
1. National level Legislation is required for the
compulsory registration for new and existing bore
wells especially in critical and semi critical areas in
respect of water table.
2. Appropriate Methods for proper recharging should
be ensured while issuing the feasibility certificate
from the concerned authority.
3. Mass awareness programs should be arranged
through local bodies.
a) Against sand mining
b) Against massive Land leveling
4. Massive training programs should be conducted
through NGO‘s

45. Rain water harvesting
1. Since major part of the Idukki district is
having rain fall potential ,Rain water harvesting
units should be encouraged to exploit the rain
water source.
2. Financing for feasible rain water harvesting units
by LSGD or other agencies should be provided to
the low income families.
3. Provision for rain water harvesting units for the
new buildings having area above 1500 sq ft has
already been provided by LSGI should be
encouraged through rewards such as building tax
deduction etc.

46. Ground water
requirement of future
development

47. Scarcity of water in Panchayats wise
A study regarding the proximity of water sources to
households conducted at the National as well as
the state level reveals that in Kerala more than 50
% of population has nearer water sources whereas
the water supply in storage situation is different in
other parts of the country
The consumption as per norms is 70 lpcd in rural and
140 lpcd in urban the requirement will become
52.56 mld.
As per actual consumption is 140 lpcd in rural and
250 lpcd in urban the requirement will become
more.

48. Future Demand

49. Backlog
Regarding the Backlog of source we have to
identify the new adequate source, by way of
constructing check dams, recharges
To increase the water supply the higher capacity
pump set to be installed.
Regarding Backlog in distribution the old and
damaged pipes are to be repaired urgently, pipeline
extensions are required.
Sufficient additional distribution network is to be
provided to cover the entire area.
Timely commissioning of ongoing projects to
achieve the targets.
To improve the quality standards of water supply
more number of quality control lab to be functioned
at required locations.

50. ON GOING KWA PROJECTS
N NAME OF SCHEME
PROJECT
COST IN
LAKH
BENEFITTED
AREA
BENEFITTED
POPULATION
EXPECTED
DATE OF
COMMISSIO
NING BOTTLE NECK
1
SPAN NABARD - WSS TO
ALOCKED AND ADJOINING
VILLAGES 4376.26
ALOCKED
UDAMBANOOR
KARIMANOOR,
NEYASERRY
AND KODIKULAM
VILLAGES 128760 31/3/2012
17.5CENT LAND TO BE OBTAINED FOR
LAYING PIPE
2
CARWSS TO KATTAPPANA &
AYYAPPANCOVIL VILLAGE 2314
KATTAPPANA,
KANCHIYAR &
AYYAPPANCOVIL
PANCHAYATH 112000 31/12/2011
INSUFFICIENT FUND FOR COMPLEATING
THE BALANCE WORK
3
ARWSS TO ERATTAYAR
PANCHAYATH IN
KALKKOONTHAL VILLAGE 755
ERATTAYAR
PANCHAYATH 325000 30/09/2011
4
CARWSS TO VANDENMEDU &
ANAKKARA VILLAGE 526
VANDENMEDU,
ANAKKARA
VILLAGE 48250 30/09/2011
INSUFFICIENT FUND FOR COMPLEATING
THE BALANCE WORK
5
CARWSS TO VELLATHOOVAL &
KONNATHADI VILLAGE 2521
VELLATHOOVAL,
KONNATHADI 55425 31/03/2012
NON AVAILABILITY OF LAND FOR
CONSTRUCTING 3Nos of GL TANK
6
CARWSS TO ELAPPARA &
ADJOINING VILLAGE 2198
ELAPPARA,
PEERUMEDU,
VANDIPERIYAR,
PERUVATHANAM &
KOKKAYAR
VILLAGE 116958 30/09/2011
DISTRIBUTATION NETWORKS NOT
ARRAGED DUE TO INSUFFICIENT
FUND
LAND FOR LAYING PIPE LINE TO BE
OBTAINED FROM TYFORD ESTATE
AUTHORITY
7
AUGMENTATION OF RWSS TO
KUMAIL 1200 KUMALI PANCHAYATH 34558 31/3/2012
DISTRIBUTATION NETWORKS NOT
ARRAGED DUE TO INSUFFICIENT
FUND
LAND FROM FOREST DEPARTMENT
TO BE OBTAINED
TOTAL PUPULATION BENEFITTED -528,451

51. Committed Projects
1. WSS to Adimaly Panchayat
2. Improvements of WSS to Painavu colony,
3. Augmentation of UWSS to Thodupuzha,
4. WSS to Kumaramangalam Panchayat,
5. Augmentation of WSS to Manakkad and
Purapuzha Panchayat.
The Investigation of above schemes are in progress.

52. Committed KWA
projects map

53. ADDITIONAL REQUIREMENTS
Present
demand as
per Norms
Present
supply
Additional
Requirement
as per
Norms
75.05 22.49 52.46
Demans V/S Supply
0.00
10.00
20.00
30.00
40.00
50.00
60.00
70.00
80.00
90.00
100.00
2000 2001 2002 2003 2005 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012
Year
MLD
SUPPLY
Demand
Additional requirement can be reduced to 20.43 MLD by 2012
Demand
Supply

54. Evaluation of Existing, On going and Committed Projects
on the basis of quantity supplied (in mld)
Supply
by KWA
Supply
by LSGI
Total
Supply
Existing
schemes
22.49 7 29.49
Ongoing Schemes 21.14 4 25.14
Total 54.63
Total required Demand 75.06
Balance requirements 20.43

55. USAGE OF PIPED WATER SUPPLY
CONSUMPTION OF BOTTLED WATER
USAGE OF FULLY TREATED WATER
QUALITATIVE SUPPLY
INCREASING OF PER CAPITA CONSUMPTION
OVER ALL DEVELOPMENT TREND

56. 0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
Adimali
Alacode
Arakkulam
Ayyappancoil
Baisonvally
Chakkupallam
Chinnakanal
Devikulam
Edamalakudi
Edavetty
Elappara
Erattayar
Idukki-Kanjikuzhi
Kamakshy
Kanchiyar
Kanthalloor
Karimannoor
Karimkunnam
Karunapuram
Kattappana
Kodikulam
Kokkayar
Konnathady
Kudayathoor
Kumaramangalam
Kumily
Manakkad
Mankulam
Marayoor
Mariyapuram
Munnar
Muttom
Nedumkandam
Pallivasal
Pampadumpara
Peerumade
Peruvanthanam
Purapuzha
Rajakkad
Rajakumari
Santhanpara
Senapathy
Thodupuzha(M)
Udumbanchola
Udumbannoor
Upputhara
Vandanmedu
Vandiperiyar
Vannapuram
Vathikudy
Vattavada
Vazhathope
Vellathuval
Velliyamattom
Scarcity
Committed KWA projects
on going KWA projects
Present Coverage
Coverage of safe drinking water in Idukki

57. DEVELOPMENT ISSUE
1. Depletion in ground water table.
2. Unauthorized Sand mining in Rivers, Lakes etc.
3. Damaging existing water sources.
4. Geological and Geographical characteristics of land.
5. Pollution of Water Bodies.
6. Increase in Project cost and O&M cost
7. Difficulty in Land relinquishment from Forest
department and Estate authorities.
8. High turbidity in surface water during rainy season

58. Evaluation
As far as Idukki district is concerned, though a fairly good water
supply system exists, full coverage by area with sufficient quantity
and quality of water is not achieved. It is suggested that by 2021
full coverage by area with a supply level of 70 to 100 lpcd of
treated water shall be achieved by combined operation of KWA,
LSGI and other agencies.
Due to the peculiarity of the Idukki district in respect of undulated
terrain, scattered population, hard rock strata etc. it is better to
propose that centralized water supply schemes for urban and semi
urban areas and decentralized schemes for rural areas with the help
of beneficiary group to cover back logs.
It is observed that Munnar, Nedunkandom Adimaly, Kattappana,
Vandiperiyar, Thekkedy etc are the most the critical regions in
respect of shortage of water in Idukki District. Effective projects
should be implemented by utilizing the nearest available water
bodies to the tackle the present scarcity

59. Conclusion
Considering the consumption of 70 lpcd in rural and 140 lpcd
in urban areas the total requirement will come to 75.06 mld.
Effective projects has to be implemented to meet the
additional demand of 20.43 mld
To achieve these objectives detailed study should be
conducted to exploit the water sources economically from the
sustainable sources such as Mullaperiyar , Idukki , Malankara
reservoirs etc by using remote sensing and preparation of
GIS base maps for GP’s for water development plan including
possibility of constructing spillway structure at valley portions
for impounding run off water. Effective awareness program
has to be scheduled and implemented through local bodies
for the up keeping of the present schemes and to conserve
the water resources properly