The document discusses the fundamentals of typography including: - Typeface refers to a set of characters within a font family, while font refers to a specific style within a typeface like bold or italic. - Serif fonts have small lines at the end of strokes that make letters more distinctive for print, while sans serif fonts are better for online reading with lower resolution. - Common type classifications include old style, transitional, modern, slab serif, grotesque, neo-grotesque, humanist, and geometric. - Proper spacing includes kerning between letters, tracking between words, and leading between lines of text.

1. The art and technique of arranging type to make
written language readable and appealing
It involves selecting typefaces, point size, line length, line
spacing (leading), letter spacing (tracking), and adjusting
the space between pairs (kerning)

2. Typeface vs. Font
Typeface
A set of typographical symbols and
characters. It’s the letters, numbers and
other characters that let us put words on
paper and on screen.
Typeface is a family of fonts
( eg Helvetica Regular, Helvetica Bold,
Helvetica Italic, Helvetica Black)
Font
A complete character set within a typeface,
often a particular size and style.
A font is one weight or style within a
typeface family.
(e.g. Helvetica Regular)
Font and Typeface are not interchangeable

3. Serif and San Serif
Serifs are the small tailing
lines from the edges of letters
and symbols, separated into
distinct units for a typewriter or
a typesetter.
Serif fonts are easier to read in
printed work. This is because
the serif makes the individual
letters more distinctive and
easier for our brains to
recognize quickly. Without the
serif, the brain has to spend
longer identifying the letter
because the shape is less
distinctive.
San Serif is a typeface that does not have the small projecting
features called serifs at the end of strokes. An important
exception must be made for the web. Printed works generally
have a resolution of at least 1000 dots per inch; whereas
computer monitors are typically around 100 dots per inh

4. SERIF
Old style/ Humanist: Times New Roman, Garamond
Transitional: Baskerville
Modern: Bodoni
Slab Serif: Rockwell
SAN SERIF
Grotesque: Franklin Gothic
Transitional/ Neo Grotesque: Helvetia
Humanist: Tahoma, Gill Sans
Geometric: Futura

5. SPACING
Kerning:
The space between two letters
Tracking:
The space between words
Leading:
The vertical spacing between lines of text