This presentation is about the basics of Urea Formaldehyde. In This presentation you will find the basic method of preparing urea formaldehyde, applications of urea formaldehyde, general properties of urea formaldehyde and some latest research on urea formaldehyde.

1. Urea FormaldehydeUrea Formaldehyde
Abdul HaseebAbdul Haseeb
E13-318E13-318
55thth
SemesterSemester
Metallurgy and Materials EngineeringMetallurgy and Materials Engineering

2. IntroductionIntroduction
UF is an “amino resin” or “amine-formaldehyde” class ofUF is an “amino resin” or “amine-formaldehyde” class of
thermoset adhesive.thermoset adhesive.
Binding property.Binding property.
Good adhesion, high curing rate and low cost.Good adhesion, high curing rate and low cost.
Brittleness.Brittleness.
Urea and Formaldehyde are usually in different moleUrea and Formaldehyde are usually in different mole
ratios.ratios.
Repeating unit of UFRepeating unit of UF

3. Polymerization methodPolymerization method
Mild alkali
(pH>7)
pH is used to control reaction rate. Occurs slowlypH is used to control reaction rate. Occurs slowly
under slightly basic conditions.under slightly basic conditions.
Production of the intermediates is monitored andProduction of the intermediates is monitored and
controlled by viscosity.controlled by viscosity.
Reference:Reference: Materials and Design: The art and science of material by Michael F. Ashby, Kara Jhonsons,

4. UF Condensation ReactionUF Condensation Reaction
Result: Cured
network (cross-
linked) molecular
structure
Condensation
may be linear
or cross-linked

5. Physical properties, Uses and limitationsPhysical properties, Uses and limitations
Density 1500 Kg/mDensity 1500 Kg/m33
..
Tensile strength 48-78 MNmTensile strength 48-78 MNm-2-2
..
Compressive strength 70-110Compressive strength 70-110
MNmMNm-2 .-2 .
Better electrical properties.Better electrical properties.
Scratch free.Scratch free.
Get effected by sunlight.Get effected by sunlight.
Reference: Fundamentals of material science by R.K.RajpootReference: Fundamentals of material science by R.K.Rajpoot
These are the uses of UF:These are the uses of UF:
Glues for plywoodGlues for plywood
Cellulose and foam products.Cellulose and foam products.
PaintsPaints..
Surface coatings.Surface coatings.
Adhesives.Adhesives.
Plugs, switches, buttons etc.Plugs, switches, buttons etc.
These are the limitations of UF:These are the limitations of UF:
Formaldehyde emission.Formaldehyde emission.
Poor water resistance.Poor water resistance.

6. Self healing coatings containing dual active agentSelf healing coatings containing dual active agent
loaded urea formaldehyde (UF) microcapsulesloaded urea formaldehyde (UF) microcapsules
T. Siva, S. SathiyanarayananT. Siva, S. Sathiyanarayanan
Linseed oil, mercaptobenzothiazole (MBT), urea, formaldehyde,Linseed oil, mercaptobenzothiazole (MBT), urea, formaldehyde,
Ammonium chloride.Ammonium chloride.
UF has high degradation temperature 710°C as compared toUF has high degradation temperature 710°C as compared to
UFLO/MBT which has 622°C.UFLO/MBT which has 622°C.
From the Soxhlet apparatus they have estimated that the core content ofFrom the Soxhlet apparatus they have estimated that the core content of
microcapsules is 78% UF. Inhibitor loaded Linseed oil has the ability tomicrocapsules is 78% UF. Inhibitor loaded Linseed oil has the ability to
dry by oxidation with atmospheric oxygen and hence seals the crack indry by oxidation with atmospheric oxygen and hence seals the crack in
the coating.the coating.
Reference: Sciencedirect.comReference: Sciencedirect.com

7. Tensile shear strength of wood bonded with urea formaldehydeTensile shear strength of wood bonded with urea formaldehyde
with different amounts of microfibrillated cellulosewith different amounts of microfibrillated cellulose
Jin Heon KwonJin Heon Kwon ,, Seung-Hwan Lee,Seung-Hwan Lee, Nadir Ayrilmis, Tae Hyung HanNadir Ayrilmis, Tae Hyung Han
Plant fibers, which are abundant renewable resources, exhibit highPlant fibers, which are abundant renewable resources, exhibit high
specific strength and stiffness, and industrial use of plant fibers asspecific strength and stiffness, and industrial use of plant fibers as
fillers in composites have attracted much interest.fillers in composites have attracted much interest.
Cross-linked networkCross-linked network
between the MFCs and thebetween the MFCs and the
UF molecules wasUF molecules was
produced.produced.
Excess amount of fillersExcess amount of fillers
reduces tensile strength.reduces tensile strength.
Reference: Science Direct.comReference: Science Direct.com

8. Conclusion:Conclusion:
By all this we can conclude that due to the variety of synthesisBy all this we can conclude that due to the variety of synthesis
and good properties, this material is of so much importance inand good properties, this material is of so much importance in
industrial usage as well as in research workindustrial usage as well as in research work.