ATMA RAM MEENA Ph.D HORICULTURE SKRAU, BIKANER

1. RECENT ADVANCES IN QUALITY BREEDING OF
VEGETABLE CROPS
Dr. R. K. Narolia

2. INTRODUCTION

3. GENERAL NUTITIONAL GOALS
1. Improvement of palatability
2 Improvement of acceptability
3 Improvement of better chemical composition
4. Improvement of quality with high yield

4. CLASSIFICATION OF QUALITY CHARACTERS
Organoleptic features
Chemical composition
Marphological feature

5. Major Nutrients and Bio-actives in vegetables

6. • SOURCES ?

7. Wild relatives of potato
Species Quality trait
Solanum phureja,
S. stenotomum
High carotene content
S. phureja, S. vernei High starch content
S. phureja, S.stoloniferum High ascorbic acid content

8. Wild relatives of Tomato
Species Quality trait
Lycopersicon hirsutum, L. pennellii,
L.chilense
High carotene content
L.chmielesskii High TSS content
L. pimpinellifolium, L. peruvianum High ascorbic acid content

9. QUALITY IMPROVEMENT METHOD
Conventional breeding method
Biotechnological approach

10. BREEDING METHODS
Selection
Mutation
Hybridization
Back cross method
Inter-Specific hybridization

11. Flora Dade L. cheesmani (LA317)
F1 Flora Dade
BC1 Flora Dade
BC2
BC3
Flora Dade
Spectrum 579
F2
NC 1C
F3
02L 1058 02L 1059
(Stommel and Saftner, 2005)
Tomato breeding lines with high β carotene
F7 F7

12. 4x tbr
2x tbr X 2x spp
4x tbr X 2x
4x improved population
Selected for
• Quality
• 2n pollen
Unilateral sexual polyoploidization between S. tuberosum (tbr) and 2x
Solanum spp
(Carputo et al., 2005)
hybrids

13. Cucumis sativus
2n =14
C. hystrix
2n = 24
Interspecific hybridization in Cucumis species
x
F1 (Sterile)
2n=19
Embryo culture
Chromosome doubling
New species
(Chen et al., 2002)

14. Nutritive parameter Control F1 Hybrid
Titrable acidity 1.2 ml 4.5ml
Moisture 95.6% 96.4%
Ash 0.27 % 0.35 %
Protein 0.62 % 0.78%
Carbohydrate
3.51 % 2.47 %
(Chen et al., 2002)
Nutritional analysis of synthetic species of cucumis

15. Introgression of three segments of B. villosa
genome enhance glucosinolate content in broccoli
A segment of LG5 specifically increases 3-MSP
Segments on LG2 and LG9 increase both 3-MSP and 4-MSB
Mithen et al., 2002
Hydrolysis of glucosinolates

16. Development of isothiocyanate-enriched broccoli, and its
enhanced ability to induce phase 2 detoxification enzymes in
mammalian cells
Mithen et al., 2002

18. Interspecific hybridization in Allium fistulosum and
A. schoenoprasum
Allium fistulosum
2n = 16
A. schoenoprasum
2n = 16
X
Ovary culture
New species with high carotene
(Umehara et al., 2006)

19. Cross
combinatio
n
No. of
flowers
pollinated
No. of
ovaries
culture
d
No. of plants
germinated
No. of
hybrids
confirme
d
No. of
growin
g plants
F X S 191 185 44 15 14
S X F 106 13 3 1 0
Results of reciprocal crossing between Allium fistulosum and
A. schoenoprasum through ovary culture
(Umehara et al., 2006)
F - A. fistulosum
S -A. schoenoprasum

20. 108.23.2132.7Hybrids
23.96.3118.5A. schoenoprasum
14.6ND46.3A. fistulosum
Total edible partLeaf sheathLeaf bladeGenotype
Quantification of β carotene (μg g-1)
(Umehara et al., 2006)

21. PROBLEMS OF BREEDING FOR NUTRITIONAL QUALITY
•Negative correlation between yield and protein
content
•Negative correlation between protein and lysine
content
•Poor stability of protein and lysine content
•Production environment exerts a strong effect on
the protein content
•Lack of proper field screening techniques

22. FUTURE THRUST
•Germplasm collection, globalization and
documentation for various quality
components
•Development of F1 hybrid and induce
mutation with high quality attributes
•Development of transgenic cultivars with
quality traits

23. conclusion

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