phyto nano particles

3. TOPICS OF THE
DAY
1. Meaning of nano technology.
2. Definition of nano technology.
3. Pioneer of nano technology.
4. History of nano technology.
5. Time line of nano technology.
6. Size of nano technology.
7. Types of nano technology.
8. Advantages and disadvantages of nano technology.
9. Application of nano technology.
10.Nano technology in medicines.
11.Nano technology in electronics.
12.Nano technology in environment.
13.Nano technology in fashion.
14.Nano technology in agriculture.
15.Nano technology in construction.
16.Nano technology in food.
17.Nano technology in daily life.
18.Nano technology in India
19. Possibilities for the future of nano technology.
20. Pit falls of nano technology.
21. Example for nano tecnology

4. NANO TECNOLOGY

5. What is “NANO
TECHNOLOGY" ?
“Nano”means very small and it comes from the
Greek word “nanos”,meaning dwarf.
The branch of technology that deals with making
structures that are less than 100 nanometres long.
Scientists often build these structures using individual
molecules of substances.
Nano=One Billionth Of meter
Technology=The knowledge
in field of science &
engineering
Nanotechnology (very small) is
technique to manipulate of
structure of matter at the
molecular scale

6. • One nanometer is 10-9 meters or about 3 atoms
long. For comparison, a human hair is about 60-
80,000 nanometers wide.
• Nanoparticles are the end products of a wide variety
of physical, chemical and biological processes some of
which are novel and radically different, others of
which are quite commonplace.

7. ? How big (small) are we
talking about
Understanding size*

8. meter 1*
source: CERN http://microcosm.web.cern.ch/microcosm
Understanding size *

9. centimeters 10 *
source: CERN http://microcosm.web.cern.ch/microcosm
Understanding size *

10. centimeter 1 *
source: CERN http://microcosm.web.cern.ch/microcosm
Understanding size *

11. micrometers 100*
source: CERN http://microcosm.web.cern.ch/microcosm
Understanding size *

12. micrometers 10 *
source: CERN http://microcosm.web.cern.ch/microcosm
Understanding size *

13. micrometer 1 *
source: CERN http://microcosm.web.cern.ch/microcosm
Understanding size *

14. nanometers 100
*
source: CERN http://microcosm.web.cern.ch/microcosm
Understanding size *

15. nanometers 10*
source: CERN http://microcosm.web.cern.ch/microcosm
Understanding size *

16. nanometer 1 *
source: CERN http://microcosm.web.cern.ch/microcosm
Understanding size *

18. SIZE IN NANO
SCALE

19. PIONEERS OF NANO
TECNOLOGY
 Richard
Feynman
 Norio taniguchi
• The first ever concept was presented in 1959 by the
famous professor of physics Dr. Richard feynmann.
• Dr. Richard feynmann is the Father of Nano technology.
• The term “nanotechnology” had been coined by Norio
Taniguchi in 1974.

20. HISTORY OF NANO
TECHNOLOGY
• Invention of the scanning tunneling
microscope in1981 and the
discovery of fullerene(C60) in 1985
lead to the emergence of
nanotecnology .
• The early 2000s also saw the
begnings of commercial
application of nanotecnology,
although these were limited to
bulk application of nanomaterials.
• Silver nano platform for using silver
nanoparticles as an antibacterial
agent , nanoparticle – based
transparent Sunscreens, and carbon
nanotubes for stain- resistant textiles.

21. TIME LINE OF NANO
TECHNOLOGY

22. TYPES OF NANO
TECNOLOGY

23. Wet
nanotechnology
This technology
utilizes biological
systems that
exist in aqueous
environments,
including genetic
material,
membranes,
enzymes, and
other aspects of
the cell.
It does not
require
humidity to
manufacture
structures
made from
coal, silicon,
inorganic
materials,
metals, and
semiconductor
s.
Dry
nanotechnology

24. *Nanoparticles may be created using several methods. Some
of them may occur in nature as well.
Basically means small technology.
The manupulation of the structure of matter at the
molecular scale.
Bottom up nanofabrication-start with individual atoms
and build upwards to make a nanostructure
Top down fabrication –start with large material and bring
it down to the nanoscale
Nanofabrication

25. Descending(top-down)Ascending(bottom-up)
Mechanisms and
structures are
miniaturized at the
nanometer scale -
from one to 100
nanometers - this is
the most frequent
trend, especially in
the electronic field.
By mounting or
self-
assembling a
nanometric
structure, you
form a larger
mechanism
than what you
started with.

26. NANOPARTICL
ES

27. APPLICATION OF
NANOTECHNOLOGY

31. NANO TECHNOLOGY IN
MEDICINES
• Nanomedicine is the medical application of
nanotechnology. Nanomedicine ranges from the
medical applications of nanomaterials and
biological devices, to nanoelectronic biosensors.
 Various uses of nano tecnology in medicine :-
• Stem cell differentiaton
• Artificial DNA
• Chemotheraoy.
• Destroy cancer cells without damaging the
host cells.
• Silicon, gelatin nanoparticles, gold and silver.
• Vaccine, oral – enzyme preventing reproduction of
viruses(current)
• Graphene – computer contact lens due to
transparency,

32. Proces
s
Once the nanoparticle has safely traveled through the
blood stream, it binds to the tumor cell

33. Nanoparticl
e
• Gold nanoparticles are emerging as promising
agents for cancer therapy and are being
investigated as drug carriers, photothermal agents,
contrast agents and radiosensitisers.

34. NANO TECHNOLOGY IN
ELECTRONICS
• Refers to the use of nanotechnology in electronic
component
 Various uses of nano tecnology in electronics are:-
• Flexible mobiles.
• Sensitive touch – detect even 1
atom.
• Electrical conductivity – battery
charge in 5 seconds.
• Storage , transformation , weight
reduction , manufacturing
developments.
• Eco friendly recyclable.
• Cadmium selenide nanocrystals , Ag
, Cu , Cnanotubes , etc.,

35. NANO TECNOLOGY IN ENVIRONMENT
• Nanotechnology is being used in several applications to
improve the environment. This includes cleaning up existing
pollution, improving manufacturing methods to reduce the
generation of new pollution, making alternative energy
sources more cost effective and may be useful to achieve
some of the goals the Biden adminstration is setting to
help the environment.
are :-
 Various uses nano technology in environment
• Desalination of water.
• Fe – organic solvent clearing in water.
• Silver nanoclusters – reduce pollution caused by
propylene oxide.
• Epoxy containing carbon nanotubes - increase
electricity generated by
windmills.
• Increase storage of solar cells.

36. NANO TECHNOLOGY IN
FASHION
• Nano-textiles is an emerging and interesting application of
nanotechnology. It involves dealing with nano fibers at the atomic and
molecular levels in order to tweak their properties. This novel
technology can give rise to incredible clothing such as water-
resistant and dirt-free clothes, odor-less socks, and intelligent clothes
that can perfom climate control for you
 Various uses of nano technology in fashion are:-
• Cosmetics: Titanium dioxide – UV protective.
• Silver nanoparticles -
• Skin care – vitamins deeperinto the skin.
• Armour dress – nanodress.
• Clothes that react automatically to the
environment.
• Garments water – and stain – repellennt or
wrinkle – free.
• Carbon nanoparticle.

37. NANOTECHNOLOGY IN
AGRICULTURE
• Research has shown nanoparticles to be a
groundbreaking tool for tackling many arising global
issues, the agricultural industry being no exception. In
general, a nanoparticle is defined as any particle
where one characteristic dimension is 100nm or less.
 Various uses of nano technology in
agriculture are:-
• Growth of plant harmone.
• Increase yeild and fertilization.
• Agriculture waste products in
production of graphine.
• Carbon nanotube - identify and kills
pathogens.
• Nano manipulation of seeds.

38. NANO TECNOLOGY IN FOOD
• Nanotechnology applications in the food industry can be
utilized to detect bacteria in packaging, or produce
stronger flavors and color quality, and safety by increasing
the barrier properties. Nanotechnology holds great
promise to provide benefits not just within food products
but also around food products.
 Various uses of nano technology in food are:-
• Zinc oxide - antibacterial.
• Nanosensors and dispensers.
• Tio2 in food packing.
• Cover the surface - prevent entering of
microbes - preservative.
• Cocoa Nanoclusters - (canola cooking
oil ) Canola Active oil, Nanotea and
Nano ceuticals Slim Shake Chocolate.
• Pesticides encapsulated nanoparticles-
pesticide within insect’s stomach.

39. NANO TECHNOLOGY IN
CONSTRUCTION
• Nanotechnology is a new generation technology
which is used in civil engineering to improved the
development and properties of materials.
 Various uses of nano technology in
construction:-
• Structural stability.
• Carbon nanoparticles - crack prevention.
• Tio2 - rapid hydration and self
cleaning.
• Aeroplane - less weight and
mechanical stability.
• Paints – corrosion resistant and
prevents fading.

40. NANO TECHNOLOGY IN DAILY
LIFE
• Nanotechnology deals with the production and
use of materials
with nanoscale dimensions in different aspects
of life. Nanoparticles, due to their nanoscale
dimensions, have high surface-to- volume ratios
and thus very specific properties.
 Various uses of nano technology in daily life
are:-
• Lab on chip.
• Nano newspapers.
• Easy to clean pots – nonoclays.
• Nano – whiskers pants – tennis balls – increase
force and accuracy.
• Silver nanoparticles – detergents, perfumes, and
water purifiers.

41. Where Nanotechnology Stands
Now
In recent years, the u.s. food and drug administration
(fda) has approved numerous investigational new drug
(ind) applications for nano-formulations, enabling
clinical trials for breast, gynecological, solid tumor, lung,
mesenchymal tissue, lymphoma, central nervous system
and genito-urinary cancer treatments.

42. • IIT Mumbai is the premier organization in the field of
nanotechnology.
• Research in the field of health, environment, medicines are still on.
• Starting in 2001 the Government of India launched the Nano
Science and Technology Initiative (NSTI).
•Then in 2007 the Nanoscience and Technology Mission 2007 was
initiated with an allocation of Rupees 1000 crores for a period of five
years.
• The main objectives of the Nano Mission are:
- basic research promotion,
- infrastructure development for carrying out front-ranking research,
- development of nano technologies and their applications,
- human resource development and
- international collaborations.
NANO TECHNOLOGY IN INDIA

43. Nano mission(mission on nano
science and technology)
43
The government of India initiated the Nano mission in 2007. This
program is an "umbrella capacity-building program".
All institutions, businesses, and scientists in the nation will be the focus
of the Mission's programs.
Encouraging fundamental research, the growth of human resources, the
development of research infrastructure, and international partnerships,
among other things, will also increase efforts in nanoscience and
technology.
The Department of Science and Technology will serve as its focal
point, and a renowned scientist will serve as the council's chair.

44. Results of the nano mission and its
importance:
44
India is currently among the top five nations in the world for
scientific publications in nanoscience and technology because
of the efforts made possible by the Nano Mission (moving from
4th to the 3rd position).
About 5000 research articles and 900 PhDs have been
produced as a result of the Nano Mission, along with some
practical goods like eye drops made of nano hydrogel, water
filters that remove fluoride and arsenic, and water filters that
remove pesticides, etc.

46. Advantages of Nanotechnology
Protects drugs from being degraded in
the body before they reach their
target.
Enhances the absorption of drugs into
tumors and into the cancerous cells
themselves.
Allows for better control over the timing
and distribution of drugs to the tissue,
making it easier for oncologists to assess
how well they work.
Prevent drugs from interacting with
normal cells, thus avoiding side
effects. Enhancement of solubility and
bioavailability
Protection from toxicity
Enhancement of
pharmacological activity and
Improves therapeutic effect
Enhancement of stability
Improve tissue
macrophagedistribution
Protection from chemical (e.g.,
pH), physical and biological
(e.g., enzyme degradation
Enhancement of permeability
(e.g., through blood brain
barrier) and retention effect
Decrease side-effects of
conventional drugs

47. POSSIBILITIES FOR THE FUTURE
OF
NANO TECHNOLOGY
• Nanotechnology may make it possible to manufacture
faster, lighter, stronger, and programmable materials that
require less energy to produce than conventional material
and that promise greater fuel efficiency in land
transportation, ships, aircraft, and space vehicles.
• The future of nanotechnology could very well include the
use of nanorobotics.
• These nanorobots have the potential to take on human
tasks as well as tasks that humans could never complete.
• The rebuilding of the depleted ozone layer could
potentially be able to be performed

48. • There would be an entire nano surgical field to help
cure everything from natural aging to diabetes to bone
spurs.
• There would be almost nothing that couldn’t be
repaired (eventually) with the introduction of nano
surgery.

49. • Nano-particles can get into the body through the skin,
lungs and digestive system, thus creating free radicals that
can cause cell damage.
• Since these particles are very small, problems can actually
arise from the inhalation of these minute particles, much
like the problems a person gets from inhaling minute
asbestos particles.
• Once nano-particles are in the bloodstream, they will
be able to cross the blood-brain barrier.
• The most dangerous Nano-application use for military
purposes is the Nano-bomb that contain engineered self
multiplying deadly viruses that can continue to wipe out a
community, country or even a civilization.
• Nanobots because of their replicating behavior can be
big threat for GRAY GOO
PITFALLS OF NANO
TECHNOLOGY

50. Thank you