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2. Acknowledgement
Through the means of PowerPoint presentation slides,
we students of Batch 2014-18, Electronics
Engineering Department, ASET, have made a small
effort to study the employed techniques in the field of
Rainwater Harvesting We express gratitude towards
our respective professor ‘Dr. Kiran Bisht for guiding us
to complete the assignment.
Thank you V.MUKESH –
SUCHET BANSAL
HIMANSHU SHARMA
BALISHTH CHAUDHARY

3. Why do we need water harvesting?
“Earth provides enough to satisfy every man's needs, but not a single
man's greed.”
-Mahatma Gandhi
Water scarcity is the lack of sufficient available water resources to meet the demands of water
usage within a region. According to United Nations Development Programme, this currently
affects around 2.8 billion people around the world, on all continents, at least one month out of
every year and more than 1.2 billion people lack the access to clean drinking water.
Over-consumption/excessive or unnecessary use of resources, Overpopulation, Slash and
burn agricultural practices in developing countries, Technological and industrial development,
Erosion, Habitat degradation leads to the loss of Biodiversity (i.e. species and ecosystems with
its ecosystem services), Irrigation, Mining for oil and minerals, Aquifer depletion, Pollution or
contamination of resources are the major factors responsible for the eminent water crisis.

5. ANATOMY OF RAINWATER
HARVESTING

6. SO WHAT IS THE SOLUTION?.........
WATER HARVESTING TECHNIQUES
Water Harvesting refers to collection and storage of rainwater and also other activity such as
harvesting surface water extracting ground water , prevention of loss through evaporation and
seepage.
Rainwater harvesting has been practiced for more than 4,000 years, it is also a good
option in areas where good quality fresh surface water or ground water is lacking. In doing so,
water harvesting assures a continuous and reliable access to water. The role of rainwater
harvesting systems as sources of supplementary, back-up, or emergency water supply will
become more important especially in view of increased climate variability and the possibility of
greater frequencies of droughts and floods in many areas.

7. MULTIPLE BENEFITS
1. Improvement in the quality of ground water
2. Rise in the water levels in wells and bore wells that are drying up
3. Mitigation of the effects of drought.
4. Attainment of drought proofing
5. An ideal solution to water problems in areas having
6. inadequate water resources
7. Reduction in the soil erosion as the surface runoff is reduced
8. Decrease in the choking of storm water drains and flooding of roads
9. Saving of energy, to lift ground water. (One-meter rise in
water level saves 0.40-kilowatt hour of electricity)

8. Techniques of Water Recharge
STORAGE OF RAINWATER ON SURFACE FOR FUTURE
USE
RECHARGE TO GROUND WATER

9. Overview of INDIA
The "Geography of India" describes the geographic features of India, a country in South Asia.
India lies largely on the Indian Plate, the northern portion of the Indo-Australian Plate,
whose continental crust forms the Indian subcontinent. The country is situated north of the
equator between 8°4' and 37°6' north latitude and 68°7' and 97°25' east longitude.[2] It is
the seventh-largest country in the world, with a total area of 3,166,414 square kilometres
(1,222,559 sq mi).[3] India measures 3,214 km (1,997 mi) from north to south and 2,933 km
(1,822 mi) from east to west. It has a land frontier of 15,200 km (9,445 mi) and a coastline of
7,517 km (4,671 mi).[4] The northern frontiers of India are defined largely by the Himalayan
mountain range, where the country borders China, Bhutan, and Nepal. Its western border with
Pakistan lies in the Punjab Plain and the Thar Desert. In the far northeast, the Chin
Hills and Kachin Hills, deeply forested mountainous regions, separate India from Burma. On the
east, its border with Bangladeshis largely defined by the Khasi Hills and Mizo Hills, and the
watershed region of the Indo-Gangetic Plain

10. WATER RESOURCES
The average annual precipitation of 11,872 millimetres (467 in) in the village
of Mawsynram, in the hilly northeastern state of Meghalaya, is the highest recorded in
Asia, and possibly on Earth.[71] The village, which sits at an elevation of 1,401 metres
(4,596 ft), benefits from its proximity to both the Himalayas and the Bay of Bengal.
However, since the town ofCherrapunji, 5 kilometres (3.1 mi) to the east, is the nearest
town to host a meteorological office—none has ever existed in Mawsynram—it is
officially credited as being the world's wettest place.[72] In recent years the Cherrapunji-
Mawsynram region has averaged between 9,296 and 10,820 millimetres (366 and
426 in)[9] of rain annually, though Cherrapunji has had at least one period of daily
rainfall that lasted almost two years.[73] India's highest recorded one-day rainfall total
occurred on 26 July 2005, when Mumbai received more than 650 mm (26 in)
THUS, Meeting the water demand is a major challenge in INDIA

12. Water Resource Potential of Delhi
According to studies carried out for formulation of the Delhi Water Comprehensive Plan, the
main characteristics of annual precipitation and its conversion to water resources are
shown

13. Water Consumption

14. FRESHWATER CONSUMPTION
.
India’s total annual replinishable underground fresh water is 433 BCM
(Billion Cubic Meters) – 344 BCM through natural recharge from rainfall
and 89 BCM from canal irrigation system. The in-storage ground water
reserve for the country is approximately 10812 BCM. There are 12 major
river basins, the largest is GangaBrahmaputra-Barak basin or Gangetic
Plain Aquifer with replinishable ground water at 206 BCM or 48%.

15. . MAJOR CHALLENGES AND TRENDS IN INDIAN
WATER RESOURCES MANAGEMENT
 Excessive withdrawal of groundwater resources
 Unbalance sequence between demand and supply of water resources
 Demand Management in accordance to priorities set in the National Water Plan
 Assessment of total value and cost of water relevant to each basin
 Pollution of water resources and its economic and environmental consequences
 Efficiency in water irrigation systems
 Risk Management of water related natural disaster ( i.e. drought and flood )
 Implementation of National Integrated Water Resources Management
 Efficient and equitable water price for various uses
 Land use planning
 Unaccounted for water (UFW)

17. HOW TO…??

26. Thank you for your attention