Chromium is a metal that exists in several oxidation
• Chromium is a metal that exists in several oxidation or valence states, ranging from chromium (-II) to chromium (+VI).
• Chromium compounds are very stable in the trivalent state and occur naturally in this state in ores such as ferrochromite, or chromite ore.
• Chrome III is an essential nutrient for maintaining blood glucose levels
• The hexavalent, Cr(VI) or chromate, is the second most stable state. It rarely occurs naturally.
This presentation focuses, how carbon dioxide plays dirty role in Ocean Acidification and Global Warming. I have analyzed data and presented it with some real samples collected from Visakhapatnam, India. Thank you!
Chromium is a metal that exists in several oxidation
• Chromium is a metal that exists in several oxidation or valence states, ranging from chromium (-II) to chromium (+VI).
• Chromium compounds are very stable in the trivalent state and occur naturally in this state in ores such as ferrochromite, or chromite ore.
• Chrome III is an essential nutrient for maintaining blood glucose levels
• The hexavalent, Cr(VI) or chromate, is the second most stable state. It rarely occurs naturally.
This presentation focuses, how carbon dioxide plays dirty role in Ocean Acidification and Global Warming. I have analyzed data and presented it with some real samples collected from Visakhapatnam, India. Thank you!
THE HEALTH RISKS OF HIDDEN HEAVY METALSSANDEEP PATRE
THE HEALTH RISKS OF HIDDEN HEAVY METALS ,Sources and sinks of heavy metals. Human exposure at these sites may occur by a variety of pathways, including inhalation of dusts in air, ingestion of contaminated water or soil, or through the food chain.
ecological Physiology class no 1,by kulanthaivel shanmugaraj,india.kshanmugaraj1997
Class no 1: Influence of anthropogenic factors on cardio-vascular system ,ecological physiology,physiology department,crimea state medical university,russia.
THE HEALTH RISKS OF HIDDEN HEAVY METALSSANDEEP PATRE
THE HEALTH RISKS OF HIDDEN HEAVY METALS ,Sources and sinks of heavy metals. Human exposure at these sites may occur by a variety of pathways, including inhalation of dusts in air, ingestion of contaminated water or soil, or through the food chain.
ecological Physiology class no 1,by kulanthaivel shanmugaraj,india.kshanmugaraj1997
Class no 1: Influence of anthropogenic factors on cardio-vascular system ,ecological physiology,physiology department,crimea state medical university,russia.
Natural farming @ Dr. Siddhartha S. Jena.pptxsidjena70
A brief about organic farming/ Natural farming/ Zero budget natural farming/ Subash Palekar Natural farming which keeps us and environment safe and healthy. Next gen Agricultural practices of chemical free farming.
Willie Nelson Net Worth: A Journey Through Music, Movies, and Business Venturesgreendigital
Willie Nelson is a name that resonates within the world of music and entertainment. Known for his unique voice, and masterful guitar skills. and an extraordinary career spanning several decades. Nelson has become a legend in the country music scene. But, his influence extends far beyond the realm of music. with ventures in acting, writing, activism, and business. This comprehensive article delves into Willie Nelson net worth. exploring the various facets of his career that have contributed to his large fortune.
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Introduction
Willie Nelson net worth is a testament to his enduring influence and success in many fields. Born on April 29, 1933, in Abbott, Texas. Nelson's journey from a humble beginning to becoming one of the most iconic figures in American music is nothing short of inspirational. His net worth, which estimated to be around $25 million as of 2024. reflects a career that is as diverse as it is prolific.
Early Life and Musical Beginnings
Humble Origins
Willie Hugh Nelson was born during the Great Depression. a time of significant economic hardship in the United States. Raised by his grandparents. Nelson found solace and inspiration in music from an early age. His grandmother taught him to play the guitar. setting the stage for what would become an illustrious career.
First Steps in Music
Nelson's initial foray into the music industry was fraught with challenges. He moved to Nashville, Tennessee, to pursue his dreams, but success did not come . Working as a songwriter, Nelson penned hits for other artists. which helped him gain a foothold in the competitive music scene. His songwriting skills contributed to his early earnings. laying the foundation for his net worth.
Rise to Stardom
Breakthrough Albums
The 1970s marked a turning point in Willie Nelson's career. His albums "Shotgun Willie" (1973), "Red Headed Stranger" (1975). and "Stardust" (1978) received critical acclaim and commercial success. These albums not only solidified his position in the country music genre. but also introduced his music to a broader audience. The success of these albums played a crucial role in boosting Willie Nelson net worth.
Iconic Songs
Willie Nelson net worth is also attributed to his extensive catalog of hit songs. Tracks like "Blue Eyes Crying in the Rain," "On the Road Again," and "Always on My Mind" have become timeless classics. These songs have not only earned Nelson large royalties but have also ensured his continued relevance in the music industry.
Acting and Film Career
Hollywood Ventures
In addition to his music career, Willie Nelson has also made a mark in Hollywood. His distinctive personality and on-screen presence have landed him roles in several films and television shows. Notable appearances include roles in "The Electric Horseman" (1979), "Honeysuckle Rose" (1980), and "Barbarosa" (1982). These acting gigs have added a significant amount to Willie Nelson net worth.
Television Appearances
Nelson's char
"Understanding the Carbon Cycle: Processes, Human Impacts, and Strategies for...MMariSelvam4
The carbon cycle is a critical component of Earth's environmental system, governing the movement and transformation of carbon through various reservoirs, including the atmosphere, oceans, soil, and living organisms. This complex cycle involves several key processes such as photosynthesis, respiration, decomposition, and carbon sequestration, each contributing to the regulation of carbon levels on the planet.
Human activities, particularly fossil fuel combustion and deforestation, have significantly altered the natural carbon cycle, leading to increased atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations and driving climate change. Understanding the intricacies of the carbon cycle is essential for assessing the impacts of these changes and developing effective mitigation strategies.
By studying the carbon cycle, scientists can identify carbon sources and sinks, measure carbon fluxes, and predict future trends. This knowledge is crucial for crafting policies aimed at reducing carbon emissions, enhancing carbon storage, and promoting sustainable practices. The carbon cycle's interplay with climate systems, ecosystems, and human activities underscores its importance in maintaining a stable and healthy planet.
In-depth exploration of the carbon cycle reveals the delicate balance required to sustain life and the urgent need to address anthropogenic influences. Through research, education, and policy, we can work towards restoring equilibrium in the carbon cycle and ensuring a sustainable future for generations to come.
Characterization and the Kinetics of drying at the drying oven and with micro...Open Access Research Paper
The objective of this work is to contribute to valorization de Nephelium lappaceum by the characterization of kinetics of drying of seeds of Nephelium lappaceum. The seeds were dehydrated until a constant mass respectively in a drying oven and a microwawe oven. The temperatures and the powers of drying are respectively: 50, 60 and 70°C and 140, 280 and 420 W. The results show that the curves of drying of seeds of Nephelium lappaceum do not present a phase of constant kinetics. The coefficients of diffusion vary between 2.09.10-8 to 2.98. 10-8m-2/s in the interval of 50°C at 70°C and between 4.83×10-07 at 9.04×10-07 m-8/s for the powers going of 140 W with 420 W the relation between Arrhenius and a value of energy of activation of 16.49 kJ. mol-1 expressed the effect of the temperature on effective diffusivity.
WRI’s brand new “Food Service Playbook for Promoting Sustainable Food Choices” gives food service operators the very latest strategies for creating dining environments that empower consumers to choose sustainable, plant-rich dishes. This research builds off our first guide for food service, now with industry experience and insights from nearly 350 academic trials.
Diabetes is a rapidly and serious health problem in Pakistan. This chronic condition is associated with serious long-term complications, including higher risk of heart disease and stroke. Aggressive treatment of hypertension and hyperlipideamia can result in a substantial reduction in cardiovascular events in patients with diabetes 1. Consequently pharmacist-led diabetes cardiovascular risk (DCVR) clinics have been established in both primary and secondary care sites in NHS Lothian during the past five years. An audit of the pharmaceutical care delivery at the clinics was conducted in order to evaluate practice and to standardize the pharmacists’ documentation of outcomes. Pharmaceutical care issues (PCI) and patient details were collected both prospectively and retrospectively from three DCVR clinics. The PCI`s were categorized according to a triangularised system consisting of multiple categories. These were ‘checks’, ‘changes’ (‘change in drug therapy process’ and ‘change in drug therapy’), ‘drug therapy problems’ and ‘quality assurance descriptors’ (‘timer perspective’ and ‘degree of change’). A verified medication assessment tool (MAT) for patients with chronic cardiovascular disease was applied to the patients from one of the clinics. The tool was used to quantify PCI`s and pharmacist actions that were centered on implementing or enforcing clinical guideline standards. A database was developed to be used as an assessment tool and to standardize the documentation of achievement of outcomes. Feedback on the audit of the pharmaceutical care delivery and the database was received from the DCVR clinic pharmacist at a focus group meeting.
Artificial Reefs by Kuddle Life Foundation - May 2024punit537210
Situated in Pondicherry, India, Kuddle Life Foundation is a charitable, non-profit and non-governmental organization (NGO) dedicated to improving the living standards of coastal communities and simultaneously placing a strong emphasis on the protection of marine ecosystems.
One of the key areas we work in is Artificial Reefs. This presentation captures our journey so far and our learnings. We hope you get as excited about marine conservation and artificial reefs as we are.
Please visit our website: https://kuddlelife.org
Our Instagram channel:
@kuddlelifefoundation
Our Linkedin Page:
https://www.linkedin.com/company/kuddlelifefoundation/
and write to us if you have any questions:
info@kuddlelife.org
Micro RNA genes and their likely influence in rice (Oryza sativa L.) dynamic ...Open Access Research Paper
Micro RNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs molecules having approximately 18-25 nucleotides, they are present in both plants and animals genomes. MiRNAs have diverse spatial expression patterns and regulate various developmental metabolisms, stress responses and other physiological processes. The dynamic gene expression playing major roles in phenotypic differences in organisms are believed to be controlled by miRNAs. Mutations in regions of regulatory factors, such as miRNA genes or transcription factors (TF) necessitated by dynamic environmental factors or pathogen infections, have tremendous effects on structure and expression of genes. The resultant novel gene products presents potential explanations for constant evolving desirable traits that have long been bred using conventional means, biotechnology or genetic engineering. Rice grain quality, yield, disease tolerance, climate-resilience and palatability properties are not exceptional to miRN Asmutations effects. There are new insights courtesy of high-throughput sequencing and improved proteomic techniques that organisms’ complexity and adaptations are highly contributed by miRNAs containing regulatory networks. This article aims to expound on how rice miRNAs could be driving evolution of traits and highlight the latest miRNA research progress. Moreover, the review accentuates miRNAs grey areas to be addressed and gives recommendations for further studies.
1. HEAVY METALS
health & environmental effects
of some heavy metals
(concentration on RoHS Directive)
All materials were prepared on the basis of the work and a presentation of dr Adriana
Zaleska from Chemical Faculty, Gdańsk University of Technology
2. HEAVY METALS
The term heavy metal refers to any metallic
chemical element that has a relatively high
density and is toxic or poisonous at low
concentrations.
3. HEAVY METALS
are natural components of the Earth's crust
they cannot be degraded or destroyed
to a small extent they enter our bodies via food, drinking water
and air
as trace elements, some heavy metals (e.g. copper,
selenium, zinc) are essential to maintain the metabolism of the
human body
however, at higher concentrations they can lead to poisoning
heavy metal poisoning could result, for instance, from drinking-
water contamination (e.g. lead pipes), high ambient air
concentrations near emission sources, or intake via the food
chain
4. THE BIGGEST DISASTERS WITH
„A SPECIAL APPEARANCE” OF
HEAVY METALS
1932-1952 Minamata
Sewage containing mercury is released by Chisso's
chemicals works into Minimata Bay in Japan. The
mercury accumulates in sea creatures, leading eventually
to mercury poisoning in the population.
In 1952, the first incidents of mercury poisoning appear
in the population of MinimataBay in Japan, caused by
consumption of fish polluted with mercury, bringing
nearly 1000 fatalities. Since then, Japan has had the
strictest environmental laws in the industrialised world.
5. THE BIGGEST DISASTERS WITH
„A SPECIAL APPEARANCE” OF
HEAVY METALS
1986-11-01 Sandoz
Water used to extinguish a major fire carries c. 30 t
fungicide containing mercury into the Upper
Rhine. Fish are killed over a stretch of 100 km.
The shock drives many FEA projects forwards.
See also "Pollution of the Rhine at Basel /
Sandoz".
6. THE BIGGEST DISASTERS WITH
„A SPECIAL APPEARANCE” OF
HEAVY METALS
1998-04 Spanish nature reserve contaminated after
environmental disaster
Toxic chemicals in water from a burst dam belonging to a
mine contaminate the Coto de Donana nature reserve
in southern Spain. C. 5 million m_ of mud containing
sulphur, lead, copper, zinc and cadmium flow down the
Rio Guadimar. Experts estimate that Europe's largest
bird sanctuary, as well as Spain's agriculture and
fisheries, will suffer permanent damage from the
pollution.
7. Mercury - Hg
Mercury is the only common metal which is liquid
at ordinary temperatures. It rarely occurs free in
nature and is found mainly in cinnabar ore
(HgS) in Spain and Italy.
It alloys easily with many metals, such as gold,
silver, and tin - these alloys are called amalgams.
Its ease in amalgamating with gold is used in the
recovery of gold from its ores.
8. Health effects of mercury
Disruption of the nervous system
Damage to brain functions
DNA damage and chromosomal damage
Allergic reactions, resulting in skin rashes,
tiredness and headaches
Negative reproductive effects, such as sperm
damage, birth defects and miscarriages
10. Water pollution
the application of agricultural fertilizers and
industrial wastewater disposal
11. Environmental effects of mercury
Acidic surface waters can contain significant amounts
of mercury
When the pH values are between five and seven, the
mercury concentrations in the water will increase due to
mobilisation of mercury in the ground
Once mercury has reached surface waters or soils
microorganisms can convert it to methyl mercury, a
substance that can be absorbed quickly by most
organisms and is known to cause nerve damage
12. Environmental effects of mercury
Fish are organisms that absorb great amounts of
methyl mercury from surface waters every day
(mercury can accumulate in fish and in the food
chains)
The effects that mercury has on animals are:
kidneys damage, stomach disruption, damage to
intestines, reproductive failure and DNA alteration
13.
14. Cadmium – Cd
HEALTH EFFECTS
Human uptake of cadmium takes place mainly
through food
Foodstuffs that are rich in cadmium can greatly
increase the cadmium concentration in human
bodies (liver, mushrooms, shellfish, mussels,
cocoa powder and dried seaweed)
15. HEALTH EFFECTS
Diarrhoea, stomach pains and severe vomiting
Bone fracture
Reproductive failure and possibly even infertility
Damage to the central nervous system
Damage to the immune system
Psychological disorders
Possibly DNA damage or cancer development
16. Environmental effects of cadmium
Cadmium can be transported over great distances when it is
absorbed by sludge
This cadmium-rich sludge can pollute surface waters as well as
soils
Cadmium strongly adsorbs to organic matter in soils
When cadmium is present in soils it can be extremely dangerous,
as the uptake through food will increase
Soils that are acidified enhance the cadmium uptake by plants
This is a potential danger to the animals that are dependent upon
the plants for survival – Cadmium can accumulate in their
bodies, especially when they eat multiple plants
Cows may have large amounts of cadmium in their kidneys due
to this
17. Environmental effects of cadmium
In aquatic ecosystems cadmium can
bioaccumulate in mussels, oysters, shrimps,
lobsters and fish
The susceptibility to cadmium can vary greatly
between aquatic organisms
Salt-water organisms are known to be more
resistant to cadmium poisoning than
freshwater organisms
18. Chromium - Cr
Chromium(III) is an essential nutrient for
humans and shortages may cause heart
conditions, disruptions of metabolisms and
diabetes
But the uptake of too much chromium(III) can
cause health effects as well, for instance skin
rashes
19. Chromium - Cr
Chromium(VI) is a danger to human health, mainly for
people who work in the steel and textile industry
People who smoke tobacco also have a higher chance of
exposure to chromium
Hexavalent Chromium – Chromium (VI) is a species of
chromium that is forbidden to use in electrical &
electronic industry by RoHS Directive.
20. HEALTH EFFECTS
When it is a compound in leather products, it can cause
allergic reactions, such as skin rash
After breathing it in, chromium(VI) can cause nose
irritations and nosebleeds
Upset stomachs and ulcers
Respiratory problems
Weakened immune system
Kidney and liver damage
Alteration of genetic material
Lung cancer
Death
21. Environmental effects of chromium
Most of the chromium in air will eventually settle and
end up in waters or soils
Chromium in soils strongly attaches to soil particles and
as a result it will not move towards groundwater
In water chromium will absorb on sediment and
become immobile
Only a small part of the chromium that ends up in
water will eventually dissolve
22. Environmental effects of chromium
Chromium(III) is an essential element for organisms
that can disrupt the sugar metabolism and cause heart
conditions, when the daily dose is too low
Chromium(VI) is mainly toxic to organisms - it can
alter genetic materials and cause cancer
23. Lead - Pb
Foods such as fruit, vegetables, meats, grains, seafood,
soft drinks and wine may contain significant amounts
of lead
Cigarette smoke also contains small amounts of lead
24. Health effects of lead
Disruption of the biosynthesis of haemoglobin and
anemia
A rise in blood pressure
Kidney damage
Miscarriages
Disruption of nervous systems
Brain damage
Declined fertility of men through sperm damage
Diminished learning abilities of children
Behavioural disruptions of children, such as aggression,
impulsive behaviour and hyperactivity
25. Health effects of lead
Lead can enter a foetus through the placenta of
the mother
Because of this it can cause serious damage to
the nervous system and the brains of unborn
children
That is why women in pregnancy can not work
with lead.
26. Lead sources
application of lead in gasoline
fuel combustion
industrial processes
solid waste combustion
27. Environmental effects of lead
Lead accumulates in the bodies of water organisms and
soil organisms
Health effects on shellfish can take place even when only
very small concentrations of lead are present
Body functions of phytoplankton can be disturbed when
lead interferes. Phytoplankton is an important source
of oxygen production in seas and many larger sea-
animals eat it
That is why we now begin to wonder whether lead
pollution can influence global balances
28. Environmental effects of lead
Soil functions are disturbed by lead intervention,
especially near highways and farmlands, where
extreme concentrations may be present
Also soil organisms are suffered from lead
poisoning