3. INTRODUCTIONINTRODUCTION
4G is a 44G is a 4thth
generation mobile communication systemgeneration mobile communication system
They are projected to solve still remaining problems of 3GThey are projected to solve still remaining problems of 3G
systemsystem
It provides a wide variety of services such as high-data-It provides a wide variety of services such as high-data-
rate wireless channelsrate wireless channels
4G will not only support the next generation of mobile4G will not only support the next generation of mobile
service, but also supports the fixed wireless networksservice, but also supports the fixed wireless networks
4. HistoryHistory
The history and evolution of mobile service from 1G to 4GThe history and evolution of mobile service from 1G to 4G
are discussed in this sectionare discussed in this section
1G began with the designs in 1970’s its based on analog1G began with the designs in 1970’s its based on analog
technologytechnology
2G system was designed in 1980’s it provides services circuit2G system was designed in 1980’s it provides services circuit
switched data communication services at a low speedswitched data communication services at a low speed
3G system was designed in 1990’s it would have higher3G system was designed in 1990’s it would have higher
quality voice channelsquality voice channels
4G is new generation intended to complement and replace the4G is new generation intended to complement and replace the
3G systems. The future 4G infrastructures will consist of a set3G systems. The future 4G infrastructures will consist of a set
of various networks using IP as common protocolof various networks using IP as common protocol
5. 4G wireless Technology4G wireless Technology
4G is based on the developing trends of mobile4G is based on the developing trends of mobile
communicationcommunication
Application adaptability and being highly dynamicApplication adaptability and being highly dynamic
are the main features of 4G servicesare the main features of 4G services
4G systems will be fully IP-based wireless internet4G systems will be fully IP-based wireless internet
These services and models need to be further examineThese services and models need to be further examine
for their interface with the design of 4G systemsfor their interface with the design of 4G systems
7. OverviewOverview
A 4G system is excepted to provide aA 4G system is excepted to provide a
comprehensive and secure all-IP basedcomprehensive and secure all-IP based
solutionsolution
It facilities IP telephony, ultra-broadbandIt facilities IP telephony, ultra-broadband
internet access, gaming services and streamedinternet access, gaming services and streamed
multimedia may be providedmultimedia may be provided
8. Objective & approachObjective & approach
A spectrally efficient systemA spectrally efficient system
High network capacityHigh network capacity
A data rate of at least 100mb at high speeds and 1gbA data rate of at least 100mb at high speeds and 1gb
at stationary conditionsat stationary conditions
High quality of services for next generationHigh quality of services for next generation
multimedia supportsmultimedia supports
An all IP, packet switched networkAn all IP, packet switched network
Interoperability with existing systems.Interoperability with existing systems.
10. 4G Features4G Features
The infrastructure and the terminals of 4G will haveThe infrastructure and the terminals of 4G will have
almost all the standards from 2G to 4G implementedalmost all the standards from 2G to 4G implemented
The first LTE USB dongles do not support any otherThe first LTE USB dongles do not support any other
radio interfaceradio interface
The performance of the radio communicationThe performance of the radio communication
depends on an antenna systemdepends on an antenna system
One such example is Spatial multiplexing whichOne such example is Spatial multiplexing which
involves deploying antennas at transmitter andinvolves deploying antennas at transmitter and
receiver.receiver.
11. 4G standards4G standards
In September 2009,the technology proposals haveIn September 2009,the technology proposals have
been submitted to ITU-R as 4G candidatesbeen submitted to ITU-R as 4G candidates
LTE advanced will be fully built on the existing LTELTE advanced will be fully built on the existing LTE
specification release 10 and not to be defined as newspecification release 10 and not to be defined as new
specification seriesspecification series
IEEE 802.16-2004 addresses only fixed systemIEEE 802.16-2004 addresses only fixed system
IEEE 802.16e-2005 also called mobile WiMAXIEEE 802.16e-2005 also called mobile WiMAX
12. AdvantagesAdvantages
The 4G cell phone networks have beenThe 4G cell phone networks have been
established to maximize the use of the internetestablished to maximize the use of the internet
through cell phonesthrough cell phones
Instead of using the computer, people wouldInstead of using the computer, people would
prefer a more portable and simpler toolprefer a more portable and simpler tool
Web browsers are designed for cell phones toWeb browsers are designed for cell phones to
maximize the functionmaximize the function
The 4G network has made it easier and fasterThe 4G network has made it easier and faster
to acquire all the data and information neededto acquire all the data and information needed
13. DisadvantagesDisadvantages
4G or 4G enabled phones are more expensive4G or 4G enabled phones are more expensive
4G currently available only in United States. It will4G currently available only in United States. It will
take a years for 4G to available in other countriestake a years for 4G to available in other countries
Upgrading your 3G into 4G is not possible even ifUpgrading your 3G into 4G is not possible even if
you are ready to buy a phone and wanted to upgradeyou are ready to buy a phone and wanted to upgrade
to 4G the network is not availableto 4G the network is not available
