1. The definition of a conceptual framework
What is Conceptual Framework?
 A written or visual presentation that:
– “explains either graphically, or in
narrative form, the main things to be
studied – the key factors, concepts or
variables -
– and the presumed relationship among
them”.

2. The conceptual framework summarizes in
diagram or paradigm form the coverage of the
study; what the study intends to prove or
disprove.
The relationship between the independent
variable and dependent variable is clearly shown
by the conceptual framework or paradigm.

3. Figure 1. RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN “WARNING: CIGARETTE
SMOKING IS DANGEROUS TO YOUR HEALTH” AND
FREQUENCY OF SMOKING
READABILITY
“WARNING:
CIGARETTE SMOKING
IS DANGEROUS TO
YOUR HEALTH”
FREQUENCY OF
SMOKING
PLACE WHERE THE WARNING
IS WRITTEN
SIZE OF THE TEXT
COLOR OF THE TEXT
TYPE OF THE TEXT USED
MESSAGE

4. Thus, the frequency of smoking is
determined by the effectiveness of “Warning:
Cigarette Smoking is Dangerous to your
Health”.
What then in the warning sign have to
do with the frequency or infrequency of the
cigarette smoking?
Hence, the message, readability, size of
the text, color of the text, type of the text used
and the place where the warning is written
were used as parameters or dimensions to

5. Figure 2: LEADERSHIP STYLES (TASK AND PEOPLE
ORIENTATION) AS AFFECTED BY SELECTED DEMOGRAPHIC
VARIABLES
Organization
Management
Authority Obedience
Age
Gender
Educational Attainment
Task OrientedCountry Club
Management
Demographic Variables of the
Respondent-Congressional Chief of
Staffs of the house of the
Representatives
Leadership Styles
People Oriented
Team Management
Impoverished Management

6. Is there significant difference in the
leadership styles of the respondent managers
when they are grouped according to age, gender,
and educational attainment? The study tested its
hypothesis as reflected management in its
conceptual framework/paradigm. The paradigm
shows that such leadership styles are
impoverished management, and team
management differ with age, gender and
educational attainment of managers. Thus, the
managers may be task oriented or people

7. Figure 3: STORE SITUATIONAL INFLUENCES
TO CUSTOMER’S PURCHASE
DECISION
Customer's
Purchase
Decision
Social
Surroundings
Physical
Surroundings
Temporal
Surroundings
Antecedent
States
Task
Definition

8. The third paradigm is concerned with store
situational influences to consumer’s
purchase decision as social surroundings,
physical surroundings, task definition,
antecedent states and temporal
perspectives.
The purchase decision of customers
revolves around the said factors or
dimensions.

9. If the conceptual framework of the study
will be used by future researchers and will be
proved favorably, the concept may thus become a
theory with wider extent of acceptance.

10. Where does the conceptual framework fit in -
quantitative?
 Research problem:
 Paradigm:
 Aims and objectives:
 Literature review:
 Conceptual framework:
 Research questions:
 Data collection and analysis:
 Interpretation of the results:
 Evaluation of the research:
The issue of theoretical or practical interest.
The philosophical assumptions about the
nature of the world and how we understand
it - positivism.
What we want to know and how the answer
may be built up.
A critical and evaluative review of the
thoughts and experiences of others.
Provides the structure/content for the whole
study based on literature and personal
experience
Specific questions that require answers.
Methodology, methods and analysis.
Making sense of the results.
Revisit conceptual framework.