The document discusses conceptual frameworks, including what they are, how they should be structured, and their purposes. It defines a conceptual framework as a visual or narrative explanation of the key variables or concepts in a study and their relationships. It notes conceptual frameworks should identify relevant variables, define concepts, outline relationships between inputs and outputs, and help explain answers to research questions. The document provides steps for developing a conceptual framework, including identifying concepts, defining and operationalizing them, and showing relationships between variables. It includes an example conceptual framework on women's autonomy in household decision making.

1. Mr.SarojG.C.
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2. In this presentation
 What is it?
 How it should be?
 Purposes
 Difference between Theoretical Framework and
Conceptual Framework
 How to Draw it? Steps
 Example
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3. What is it?
 A written or visual presentation that:
 Explains either graphically or in narrative form, the main
things to be studied, the key factors, concepts or variables.
 And the presumed relationship between and among the
factors
 A Conceptual Framework represents way of thinking about
a problem or a study or way of representing about a problem
or a study or way of representing how complex things are
(Bordage, 2009)
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4.  Conceptual framework is a structure which the researcher
believes could best explain the natural progression of the
phenomenon to be studied (Camp, 2001).
 It offers a logical structure of connected concepts that help
provide a picture or visual display of how ideas in a study
relate to one another (Grant & Osanloo, 2014).
 Emanates from theories that influence a research or
underpin a construct under study
 It is like a lighthouse.
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5.  Theories could be from a singular influence (discipline) or
from a multidisciplinary vantage point
 Could comprise of :
several constructs (diplomacy, emotional intelligence,
nonverbal communication, language, culture) or
 ideas about particular participants (young adults,
elderly, preschool children, migrants) or
could even be around different outcomes (psychopathy,
HIV + status, reduction in psy-symptom).
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6. Model Continuum
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Ngulube, Mathipa and
Gumbo, 2015, p, 4 .

7. How it should be?
 Establishment of the tentative relationships between the
concepts/assumptions/variables included in the study.
 Visualizing conceptual causal threads to form a
representation of inter-relatedness among the identified
issues or variables.
 Identification of possible answers to the research questions?
 How are the possible answers to the question explained and
defended?
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8.  a motivation for selecting concepts and linking them to a
research problem;
 a set of concepts and aspects of theories that assist in
establishing coherence
 in research;
 less developed than theories;
 giving direction to research, just as the theoretical framework
does;
 a diagrammatic representation of concepts and their
relationship in a specific
 research context; and
 linking abstractions to empirical data. (Ngulube, Mathipa and
Gumbo, 2015, p, 6 .)
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9. Purpose
 Identify Relevant Variables
 Define Variables/Concepts
 Have an Idea of Analysis
 Outline from Input to Output
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10. Theory or Concept
 A Theory is used in the broad sense to refer to an abstraction
which summarizes and explains phenomena
 Concepts are mental images or ideas relating to phenomena or
objects that share common properties
 A conceptual framework is the researcher’s idea on how the
research problem will have to be explored. This is founded on
the theoretical framework, which lies on a much broader scale
of resolution. The theoretical framework dwells on time tested
theories that embody the findings of numerous investigations
on how phenomena occur.
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11. Different Between
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12. Mr.SarojG.C.
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13. How to draw it?
 If you drew a picture of your research, this would be a
conceptual framework because it visualizes the variables
and how they are related
Steps:
 Identifying the relevant concepts
 Defining those concepts
 Operationalizing the concepts
 Identifying any moderating or intervening
variables/concepts
 Identifying the relationship between variables/concepts
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14. For example
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15. Research Questions
1.What is the demographic profile of the participants?
2.What are the group formation factors in the development of
IPM farmers’ associations?
3.To what extent does knowledge acquisition impact group
formation?
4.What demographic characteristics are related to group
formation?
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16. Research Questions
 What is the socio-economic condition of women?
 What is the degree of women’s autonomy in decision-
making?
 What the areas of household decision making for women?
 What are the factors that influence women’s decision
making?
 What are the aspects that can empower women’s decision
making power?
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17. Mr.SarojG.C.
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Women’s Autonomy in Household Decision Making