Participation Technologies - O. Uckan

new participation technologies for youth Web 2.0, smart mobs, mobility, etc… CIVICWEB PANEL The Internet and new Participation Trends for Young People in Turkey and abroad Dr. Özgür Uçkan 20 March 2009 Istanbul Bilgi University Turkish Informatics Foundation (TBV) santralistanbul, Istanbul Bilgi University

Youth is no longer a demographic …it’s a mindset Source - http://www.flickr.com/photos/tatianacardeal/36956189/

Participation technologies • Participation enabler tools • Socio-technological tools • ICT as an enabler • Virtual communities • Smart Mobs • Usability & interaction • Read-write web (2.0) and after… • Information design as an action organizer • Mobile internet • Socio-technical networks • ………….. Dr. Özgür Uçkan

Youth as the actor, ICT as the enabler A demographic analysis might be just enough to understand the significance of the global youth population in the developing world. If one defines youth as those who fall within the age range of 15 to 25 years (following United Nations statistical principles), there are 1.2 billion young people in the world and 724 million youth and children living on less than a $2 a day, a significant number of whom are illiterate, unemployed and living with HIV/AIDS. This youth population is also a fast-growing group, especially in Africa and most countries of the Middle East. While in Asia, young people constitute over 61% of the world’s youth population. Dr. Özgür Uçkan

Youth as the actor, ICT as the enabler Information and Communication Technologies (ICT), are gradually changing this rigid landscape. In this context, ICT is not only a tool, but a medium over which social, political and economic transformations occur. Transformations are now global, meaning that one change in one community resonates in another community, which initiates a process of simultaneous and continuous change. In this context, ICT is so powerful that we can observe a global dimension of analysis of social interactions, in which the medium ends up affecting and even providing meaning to the content. ICT is definitely an enabler of change. Dr. Özgür Uçkan

Growing Up Digital Today’s students – K through college – represent the first generation to grow up with technology. They have spent their entire lives surrounded by and using computers, videogames, digital music players, video cams, cell phones and all the other toys and tools of the digital age. ..Computer games, email, the Internet, cell phones and instant messaging are integral parts of their lives.” - Marc Prensky Dr. Özgür Uçkan

Youth Activities Online • Some 93% of teens use the internet, and more of them than ever are treating it as a venue for social interaction – a place where they can share creations, tell stories, and interact with others. • Nearly half (47%) of online teens have posted photos where others can see them, and 89% of those teens who post photos say that people comment on the images at least quot;some of the time.” • Content creation by teenagers continues to grow, with 64% of online teenagers ages 12 to 17 engaging in at least one type of content creation, up from 57% of online teens in 2004. Source: Pew Internet & American Life Project, December 19, 2007 Dr. Özgür Uçkan

Dr. Özgür Uçkan

new paradigm arrive... Dr. Özgür Uçkan

social, economic paradigm shift • The “network effect” of ICT • Exploitation of ICT in favor of national interests, development of network economy, transition to knowledge economy, and the transformation to an information society • “Information literacy”, “knowledge culture” and ‘Information Society’ • Mobility: anywhere, anytime, anyway… • ICT as a “socio-technical network” • “Social embeddedness of technology” ( Mark Warschauer, Technology and Social Inclusion: Rethinking the Digital Divide, MIT Press) Dr. Özgür Uçkan

organizational paradigm shift • Network is, sharing… (the access, sharing and usage of information that creates value) • The network precludes the very concept of the center • The network management is based on “horizontal coordination” • The new organizational paradigm of the “Information Age” is decentralized, multilayered, participatory, shared network governance, i.e. ‘e-governance’ • Social-economic-political value and impact pass through these networks and becomes culture… Dr. Özgür Uçkan

network particiption Networks are a social coordination mechanism as an alternative to hierarchical bureaucratic organizations or pure interest based organizations subject to market forces. The horizontal coordination between network structures facilitates participation of involved parties and increases the social benefit coefficient. In network-like structures, the realm of social governance based on consensus and in search of a decentralized coordination is usually referred to as the “network governance” or the ‘’e-governance’’. Dr. Özgür Uçkan

GENERATION TRENDS Generation Trends

My Media Generation MOTIVATING FACTORS Motivating Factors Source – Yahoo Truly Madly Deeply Engaged Study

COMMUNITY While today’s youth want to stand out and express their individuality, they also strive to feel connected with each other (both locally and globally). This community is created by shared experiences and constant communication (IM, texting, Facebook). PERSONALIZATION Today’s youth demand control. They are used to customizing and personalizing everything in their lives. They demand products and services that suit their moods and want to live in an on-demand world that they can control. SELF- SELF-EXPRESSION In the hands of Gen Y, brands get articulated in more ways than the brand itself could ever imagine. Gen Y doesn’t wait for permission to morph a brand. They are constantly seeking ways to have their voices heard and put their stamp of self-expression on products. Brands can become a badge for what they stand for.

user revolution

Position of Individual Toward Media Spectator User Role Behavior Passive Active Function Consumer Producer Location Physical Space Everywhere Kaynak: New Paradigm Learning Corporation, 1997

Online media play catchup with traditional outlets July 2006 (cc) Lynette Webb, 2006

76% of consumers don’t believe that companies tell the truth in advertisements Yankelowich

trends: rise of the mobile internet • Rapid improvements in connectivity & screens • Mobile to be dominant platform for connecting to net worldwide • Japan: happened already (mostly surf web through phones) • Voice calls powered by internet & SMS/Texts -> IM • Cellphones electronic wallets & banks = main method of payment • Citizens vote for first time in elections via mobile phones? Dr. Özgür Uçkan

trends: strides against digital divide • Developing world joins digital ecosystem via mobile phones • Also become part of economy via cellphone wallet • Mobile phones cheap & broadband ubiquitous • Illiteracy issues overcome by video & audio streams • Creates new areas of collaboration and education Dr. Özgür Uçkan

trends: the rise of the virtual universe • Virtual worlds like Second life go mainstream • Come to fore as graphic cards & broadband improve • Potentially a visual alternative to the world wide web • Standards: different worlds connect to each other seamlessly • Virtual coup d’etat by SL citizens? • Linden Labs cedes SL to democratically elected virtual govt Dr. Özgür Uçkan

trends: information pollution & overload • Next big challenge is how to manage masses of information • People will complain about quot;digital fatigue“ & digital noise • Focus on developing filters & aggregators • “Switch-offquot; holidays regularly prescribed by your doctor • Rise of anti-digital movements urging “get back to basics” • In response to clutter, a second world wide web announced Dr. Özgür Uçkan

trends: decline of the nation state? • Govt has less influence & control than ever before • Technologies threaten existing power & economic relationships • Also: music industry has resisted digital audio and Napster • But oppressive regimes clamp down on internet • Some countries regress into dark ages Dr. Özgür Uçkan

Yet then the power shifted Anytime - Any Place - Any Way Dr. Özgür Uçkan

14,463,346 auctions 200,000,000 blogs www.ebay.com 21 Nov 2006 Almost 4,000,000 >100,000,000 videos articles (65,000/day) (10 languages) 1.5 million residents “The workers 33,347,000 profiles should appropriate the means of production” Dr. Özgür Uçkan

What’s the Result? “Today’s youth think and process information fundamentally differently than their predecessors.” Dr. Özgür Uçkan

Connecting in the Digital Age Dr. Özgür Uçkan

Communicating in the Digital Age http://www.employeeevolution.com/ http://blog.penelopetrunk.com/ http://newlycorporate.com/about/ http://www.pursuethepassion.com/ Dr. Özgür Uçkan

Collaborating in the Digital Age

Digital Literacy (information + media) Skill set In addition to being able to read and write youth need : “ social skills that have to do with collaboration and networking. These skills build on the foundation of traditional literacy, research skills, technical skills and critical analysis skills which should have been part of the school curriculum all the long.” -David Rheingold Dr. Özgür Uçkan

digital divide: inequality base inequality bases: three steps of digital divide: Gender 1. Economic divide Age 2. Usability divide Ethnicity Social class / status 3. Competency divide Education / Culture Dr. Özgür Uçkan

Dr. Özgür Uçkan

Virtual Communities Dr. Özgür Uçkan

“The words community and communication have the same root. Wherever you put a communications network, you put a community as well. And whenever you take away that network –confiscate it, outlaw it, crash it, raise its price beyond affordability- then you hurt that community.” B. Strerling, The Hacker Crackdown

Virtual Communities “When you think of a title for a book, you are forced to think of something short and evocative, like well, ‘The Virtual Community,’ even though a more accurate title might be: ‘People who use computers to communicate, form friendships that sometimes form the basis of communities, but you have to be careful to not mistake the tool for the task and think that just writing words on a screen is the same thing as real community.’”” Howard Rheingold

Virtual Agora “The most recent incarnation of the agora is neither the shopping mall nor the closed electronic environment, but may just be the Internet itself. The agora does not necessarily provide a sense of place, rather it provides a sense of passage, translation and personal freedom. If the Internet can achieve the right balance of interaction, leisure and commerce it may in time develop into a genuine community space. While it continues to mirror the malls, theme parks and office buildings of the Cartesian world it will never become the mythical ‘place of meeting’ described by Homer in the Iliad.” Michael Ostwald, “Virtual Urban Futures”, in The Cyberculture Readers, ed. By David Bell-Barbara M. Kennedy, 2000, p. 673

Smart Mobs Smart mobs emerge when communication and computing technologies amplify human talents for cooperation. The impacts of smart mob technology already appear to be both beneficial and destructive, used by some of its earliest adopters to support democracy and by others to coordinate terrorist attacks. The technologies that are beginning to make smart mobs possible are mobile communication devices and pervasive computing - inexpensive microprocessors embedded in everyday objects and environments. Already, governments have fallen, youth subcultures have blossomed from Asia to Scandinavia, new industries have been born and older industries have launched furious counterattacks. Howard Rheingold, SmartMobs / The Next Social Revolution, Perseus Publishing, 2002

Smart Mobs Street demonstrators in the 1999 anti-WTO protests used dynamically updated websites, cellphones, and quot;swarmingquot; tactics in the quot;battle of Seattle.quot; A million Filipinos toppled President Estrada through public demonstrations organized through salvos of text messages. Howard Rheingold, SmartMobs / The Next Social Revolution, Perseus Publishing, 2002

Smart Mobs The people who make up smart mobs cooperate in ways never before possible because they carry devices that possess both communication and computing capabilities. Their mobile devices connect them with other information devices in the environment as well as with other people's telephones. Dirt-cheap microprocessors embedded in everything from box tops to shoes are beginning to permeate furniture, buildings, neighborhoods, products with invisible intercommunicating smartifacts. When they connect the tangible objects and places of our daily lives with the Internet, handheld communication media mutate into wearable remote control devices for the physical world. Howard Rheingold, SmartMobs / The Next Social Revolution, Perseus Publishing, 2002

Social Networks

types of internet users

positioning of social networks Dr. Özgür Uçkan

social network types Dr. Özgür Uçkan

Web 2.0 • Read/Write, two-way, anyone can be a publisher • Social Web • The term “Web 2.0” defines an era; like “Dot Com” • Search (Google, Alternative Search Engines) • Social Networks (MySpace, Facebook, OpenSocial) • Online Media (YouTube, Last.fm) • Content Aggregation / Syndication (Bloglines, Google Reader, Techmeme, Topix) • Mashups (Google Maps, Flickr, YouTube) Image credit: catspyjamasnz Dr. Özgür Uçkan

Services, tools and resources of Web 2.0 • This new tool is being chosen to use the sharing of information and knowledge as a way to strengthen the networks formed by people with common interests andsimilar needs. The possibilities offered by Web 2.0 have encouraged the important and crucial participation of many people who are now able to express their opinions, to make their own remarks, to criticize or even make suggestions concerning significant issues at the national level. • Web 2.0 has not only enlarged the possibilities for the citizens to act and participate but it has also created new trends in the design of Web tools and applications. Applications are now simple, user friendly, specific and result inmuch more dynamic pages. Dr. Özgür Uçkan

Dr. Özgür Uçkan

2008 Avenue , Razorfish Digital Outlook Report

where we go?

and after… • Web 2.0 Web3.0, 4.0, etc. • MARC MARCML (or Memo MemoML) • Search engine Semantic Web • Descritives FRBR (Functional Requirements for Bibliographic Records - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FRBRoo ), Ontologies • User accounts Avatars • 217 millions users on neopet > Myspace; • Habbo users > Facebook; • There are more videos on CyWorld than YouTube; • “Target” is always “younger”… Source : FredCavazza : http://www.fredcavazza.net/2007/11/07/l%e2%80%99invasion-des-nouvelles-plateformes- sociales/

Web 3.0?

What’s Next? (Web 3.0) • Web Sites Become Web Services – “Unstructured information will give way to structured information - paving the road to more intelligent computing.” (Alex Iskold, ReadWriteWeb, Mar 07) – Examples: Amazon E-Commerce API, del.icio.us API, Twitter API, Dapper, Teqlo, Yahoo! Pipes (scraping technologies) – Pages not center of Web now, Data & Services are – 90% of Twitter activity happens through its API • Intelligent Web = data is getting smarter (ref: Nova Spivack, Twine, Oct 07) – Semantic Web – Filters / recommendations – Personalization • Beyond PC - mobile, IPTV, physical world integration Dr. Özgür Uçkan

two way of thinking

paradox: use and be used “The fact is that a few of us saw what “We are still enthusiastic about the was happening and we wrestled the Net, the way Walt Whitman was about power of LSD away from CIA, and trains and the telegraph. He thought now the power of computers away they would unite us, make us all a from IBM, just as we rescued community. He couldn’t predict the psychology away from the doctors and trains would go to concentration analysts.” camps.” Timothy Leary Andrei Codresku

and.. a little about Turkey…

Turkey 208 United States 137 China 88 Japan 60 India 49 Germany 43 Brazil 38 United Kingdom 34 South Korea 31 France 29 Italy 26 Turkey users Russia 25 24 Canada 22 Mexico world’s 11st internet Spain 19 16 Indonesia population 15 Australia Taiw an 14 11 Poland 11 Netherlands Malaysia 10 10 Argentina Dr. Özgür Uçkan

Turkey 66,2 US 27,2 Japan 17,5 Germany 14,4 South Korea 14,4 UK 14,3 France 9,3 Italy 8,1 Canada 7,5 Turkey 7,5 Spain 5,5 Netherlands Mexico 4,8 broadband use 4,7 Australia 3,0 Poland average brodband speed Sw eden 2,6 2,5 Belgium 1Mbit/sec 2,3 Sw itzerland Denmark 1,9 1,6 Portugal 1,5 Austria Finland 1,5 1,4 Norw ay Dr. Özgür Uçkan

Turkey 45,03% 32,09% 14,12% 6,80% 1,55% 0,39% 16-24 25-34 35-44 45-54 55-64 65-74 66% male, 34% female 52% own PC average age (total) 26 91% own mobile phone 22% university 84% watch TV regularly (average 3hs) 68% unmarried 63% listen radio regularly (average 2hs) 45% works, 37% student Connected Internet daily average 2,5 hs. 39% english speaking Connected average 22 times to the Internet. Dr. Özgür Uçkan

Dr. Özgür Uçkan

Turkey • 69.6% actively use Internet • 39.2% blogger • 66% own his/her profile on social networks • 48.4% share photos • 41.2% share videos • 93.4% watch video online Dr. Özgür Uçkan

Turkey: some questions • Turkish young people, they particapate, or not? • Turkish young people interested in participation, or not? • Turkish young people has access to participate, or not? • Can Internet be an alternative medium to participate for Turkish young people? Dr. Özgür Uçkan

Thank you! Dr. Özgür Uçkan

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Participation Technologies - O. Uckan

by Ozgur Uckan on Mar 21, 2009

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