Qualcomm Technologies is preparing for 1000 times greater mobile data usage in the future through hyper-dense small cell deployments. Their UltraSON technology is a key enabler, solving challenges around unplanned small cell deployments, robust mobility, and reliable user experience. The world's densest small cell deployment at a NASCAR venue demonstrated over 1000 small cells per square kilometer and brought 1000 times greater capacity closer to reality, showing such hyper-dense networks can work in real-world environments.

1. 1
Bringing 1000x closer to
reality: hyper-dense small
cells deployments
June 2014

2. 2
Mobile data traffic growth—
industry preparing for 1000x
1000xdata traffic growth*
Industry preparing for
More devices
everything connected
Richer Content
more video
Cumulative smartphone
forecast between
2014-20181
8~
Billion
Movie (High Definition)
5.93 GB
Movie (Standard Definition)
2.49 GB
Game for Android
1.8 GB
Soundtrack
0.14 GB
Book
0.00091 GB
Interconnected
device forecast
in 20202
25~
Billion
1Gartner,; Mar’14 2Machina Research/GSMA, Dec. ’12.
3Cisco, Feb. ‘13
*1000x would be e.g. reached if mobile data traffic
doubled ten times, but Qualcomm does not make
predictions when 1000x will happen, Qualcomm and
its subsidiaries work on the solutions to enable 1000x
of mobile traffic will
be video by 201732/3~
Bestseller example, richer content:

3. 3
Rising to meet the 1000x mobile data challenge
More Small Cells Key to 1000x

4. 4
Cost-effective hyper-densification requires more ‘unplanned’ deployments
And all deployment scenarios—residential, neighborhood small cells (NSC), enterprise, Metro/Pico
Bringing 1000x closer to reality: hyper-dense small cells
1
Qualcomm technologies’ UltraSON™ is a key enabler to 1000x hyper-densification
Solves multiple hyper-dense challenges; ‘unplanned’ small cells, robust mobility, reliable user experience
2
3
World’s densest ‘unplanned’ small cell deployment brings 1000x closer to reality1
If a deployment equivalent to ~1000 small cell per km2 works at a Nascar venue, it should work everywhere
1 World’s densest LTE outdoor small cell network as of 4/2014, based on prior publicly announced deployments. Sprint/Nascar/Airspan/Qualcomm small cell demo took place March 2nd 2014 at the Phoenix international raceway. UltraSON is a product of Qualcomm Technologies, Inc.

5. 5
Hyper densification requires new ways of
deploying small cells at a lower cost
And all deployment scenarios—residential, neighborhood small cells (NSC), Enterprise, Metro/Pico
RESIDENTIAL/
NEIGHBORHOO
D
ENTERPRISE
METRO/PICO
SMALL BUSINESS

6. 6
ENTERPRISE
METRO/PICO
Small cell hyper densification requires more unplanned, ad-hoc
deployments
‘UNPLANNED’
—OPERATOR DEPLOYED
Indoor/outdoor, lampposts,
walls, malls, anywhere…
‘UNPLANNED’
—USER DEPLOYED
Indoor also covering outdoor
‘neighborhood small cells’
Viral, ad-hoc, ’unplanned’, e.g. where
backhaul exists—more like Wi-Fi
Plug & play, self organizing,
coordinated small cells
Managed by operator
in licensed spectrum
Note: Unplanned from an RF perspective, there may still be other planning aspects (like permits etc.)
RESIDENTIAL/ NEIGHBORHOOD
‘UNPLANNED’
—PARTNER DEPLOYED
Such as utility provider, contractor
or enterprise IT department
SMALL BUSINESS

7. 7
We need more indoor deployments—also covering the outside
Capacity from the outside
—to outside/inside users
INSIDE-OUT
And new deployment models like
neighborhood small cells
TRADITIONAL OUTSIDE-IN
Capacity from the inside
– also serving outside users
>70% of mobile data traffic is consumed indoors and steadily increasing
Power &
Backhaul
available

8. 8
ENTERPRISE
METRO/PICO
RESIDENTIAL/ NEIGHBORHOOD
Hyper densification through all small cell deployment scenarios
Bringing the benefits of more ’unplanned’, ad-hoc deployments to all scenarios
NEIGHBORHOOD
Typically user deployed indoor small cells
leveraging existing backhaul
Open/hybrid access
Also indoor to outdoor coverage (NSC)
Could also use dedicated spectrum
METRO/PICO
Mainly outdoor deployments by operator,
or contractor/partner
Open access
Mainly outdoor coverage
Share spectrum with macro
ENTERPRISE
High density indoor cluster deployment
by operator, IT department or third party
Open/hybrid access
Mainly indoor coverage
Share spectrum with macro
Note: Unplanned from an RF perspective, there may still be other planning aspects (like permits) NSC=Neighborhood Small Cell
SMALL BUSINESS

9. 9
ENTERPRISE
METRO/PICO
RESIDENTIAL/ NEIGHBORHOOD
Qualcomm Technologies Inc.’s small cell solutions for all venues
Complete 3G/4G chipsets
(multimode baseband, RF, power)
Wi-Fi hosting
Software solutions enabling
UltraSONTM, eICIC and HotSpot™ 2.0
Wireless backhaul
HomePlug®, PLC,PON, Ethernet backhaul
UltraSON, FSM and DAN are products of Qualcomm Technologies, Inc.
FSM92xx
FSM92xx
FSM92xx
FSM98xx
FSM98xx
FSM98xx
FSM99xx DAN3xxx
DAN3xxx
DAN3xxx
FSM99xx
FSM99xx
eICIC=enhanced Inter Cell Interference Coordination PLC=Power-line communications, PON=Passive Optical Networks.
Neighborhood Small Business Enterprise Metro Pico
SMALL BUSINESS

10. 10
Qualcomm Technologies’ UltraSON is a key
enabler to small cell hyper densification
Solves multiple challenges; ‘unplanned’ small cells, robust mobility, reliable user experience
Self-
Configuration Mobility‘Unplanned’ Coordination
Reliable
coverage Backhaul Aware

11. 11
Key technology enablers to small cells everywhere
1 Using e.g. 3GPPs ICIC (Inter Cell Interference Coordination) between small cells primarily in the frequency domain. In addition, FeICIC interference management in the time-domain between small cell and macro with advanced receiver devices provides small cell range expansion and more capacity
Qualcomm Technologies’ UltraSON solves multiple challenges:
Self Organizing
Networks (SON)
Interference
Management
Backhaul—drives
Small Cell Solution
Highly Compact,
Low-cost Small Cells
Taking plug and play
to the next level
So that capacity scales
with small cells added
Operator Provided:
fixed, wireless, relays
Enables hyper-dense
small cell deployments
Best with device and
network features such as
range expansion FeICIC/IC
User Provided enables
user installed small cells
SON for all small cell
deployment scenarios
Inter-small cell resource
management (ICIC)1
Backhaul prioritization/
management
Tight integration with
Qualcomm Technologies’
FSM platform
UltraSON and FSM are products of Qualcomm Technologies, Inc.

12. 12
Enables ‘unplanned’ deployments,
robust mobility and reliable user experience
By providing solutions for self-configuration, mobility management,
resource and transmit power management, backhaul aware operation
Includes 3GPP defined SON
Implements algorithms for 3GPP features
such as ANR, MLB, MRO1
Self-
Configuration
‘Unplanned’
UltraSON enables hyper-dense small cell deployments
Supports all deployment scenarios
Residential/NSC, Enterprise, Metro/Pico
Distributed/hybrid SON
Co-channel with macro or dedicated spectrum
1 ANR - Automatic Neighbor Relations, MLB - Mobility Load Balancing, MRO - Mobility Robustness Optimization
MobilityReliable
coverage
Coordination
Qualcomm Technologies’
UltraSON
Backhaul
aware
UltraSON is a product of Qualcomm Technologies, Inc.

13. 13
Over-the-air hyper-dense network for all deployment scenarios
All deployment scenarios at our campus work as one seamless network with UltraSON
Outdoor metro/pico
Only ~15m between small cells
Primarily outdoor coverage
Indoor Neighborhood Small Cells
Indoor deployed also for outdoor coverage
Full campus coverage and mobility
Indoor enterprise
Primarily for indoor coverage—
typically limit coverage leakage
to outdoor
UltraSON is a product of Qualcomm Technologies, Inc.

14. 14
Excellent outdoor performance with indoor small cell
<3 Mbps
3 to 5 Mbps
5 to 7 Mbps
7 to 10 Mbps
10 to 15 Mbps
15 to 20 Mbps
> 20 Mbps
DL Throughput
• All indoor NSCs, 23dBm each,
• LTE-TDD, 20 MHz @ 2.6 GHz, 60:40 DL:UL ratio
Low power indoor small cells (23dBm/200mw)
Serving also outdoor users from the inside with a
median outdoor user throughput of ~15 Mbps
Shows the potential of the neighborhood small
cell model and inside-out deployments

15. 15
World’s densest LTE small cells deployment
brings 1000x closer to reality1
If an ‘unplanned’ deployment works at a Nascar venue—it should work everywhere!
1 World’s densest LTE outdoor small cell network as of 4/2014, based on prior publicly announced deployments
0 40m20

16. 16
Bringing 1000x closer to reality: hyper-dense small calls
If ‘unplanned’ hyper-dense deployments work at NASCAR venue—it should work everywhere
0 40m20
World’s densest LTE outdoor network1
Extreme localized data demand, challenging RF conditions
40x more capacity than alt. solutions
Compared to traditional portable macro solution2
Enabled by UltraSONTM
Unplanned deployment, robust mobility, reliable user
experience
31 small cells equivalent to 1000
cells/km2 in the garage area—
22m average site-to-site
distance, and as little as 7m
Dedicated spectrum (LTE TDD
band 41)
1 World’s densest LTE outdoor small cell network as of 4/2014, based on prior publicly announced deployments. 2Compared to a Portable ‘cell on wheels’ site. Sprint/Nascar/Airspan/Qualcomm small cell demo took place March 2nd 2014 at the Phoenix international raceway
UltraSON is a product of Qualcomm Technologies, Inc.
~7m

17. 17
• Highly dynamic Radio Frequency (RF) conditions with reflections due
to large trailer trucks, moving race teams, cars, crowds of spectators
• Outdoor venue with limited RF isolation between small cells
Extremely challenging
RF conditions
• Extreme data demand, from both teams and general public in a very
small geographical area (the garage area)High capacity demand
• Network deployed in an unplanned manner
• No manual optimization possible ahead of the race since RF conditions
change significantly when the trailer trucks and teams arrive
Unplanned network
• Word’s densest1 LTE small cell outdoor network with full mobility
support and excellent user experience
• Equivalent to 1000 Small Cells/km2
Densest1 LTE network
LTE small cell trial at NASCAR Phoenix international raceway
1 World’s densest LTE outdoor small cell network as of 4/2014, based on prior publicly announced deployments. Sprint/Nascar/Airspan/Qualcomm small cell demo took place March 2nd 2014 at the Phoenix international raceway.

18. 18
0 40m20
Sprint/Nascar/Airspan/Qualcomm small cell demo took place March 2nd 2014 at the Phoenix international raceway
Traditional
deployment
‘Cell On
Wheels’
Equivalent cell density: 9 cells/km2
Average site-to-site: 519m
Spectrum: 5 + 5 MHz, LTE FDD
Coverage: 0.11 km2
Measured Efficiency
~16 bps/Hz/km2
More than
40x
capacity
‘Unplanned’
small cell
deployment
Equivalent cell density: 1107 cells/km2
Average site-to-site: 22m
Spectrum: 20 MHz, LTE TDD (60%DL/40%UL)
Coverage: 0.028 km2
Measured Efficiency
~660bps/Hz/km2
40x more capacity compared to traditional solutions
Combined with more spectrum, shows that 1000x is feasible in real world environments

19. 19
UltraSON features and benefits demonstrated at NASCAR trial
Mobility Management
Transmit Power and
Resource Management
Frequent Handover Mitigation (FHM)
Detect frequent handovers/ping-pongs and mitigate
by adjusting device specific handover parameters
Forward handover (FHO)
Improved handover performance and reduction in
network signaling
Power and Resource Management (PM/RM)
 Transmit Power Management to reduce Pilot/CRS2
pollution to improve SINR2 and mobility performance.
 Resource partitioning between small cells to improve
cell edge user performance (ICIC)1.
1 Based on 3GPPs ICIC (Inter Cell Interference Coordination) between small cells primarily in the frequency domain; adjacent small cells are assigned different resource blocks for Cell Edge User
2 CRS=Common Reference Signal, SINRS= Signal to Interference and Noise Ratio. 3 Typical macro experiences with SINR of ~ 6dB based on 3GPP TR 36.814 D1, 500m ISD macro model.
60% signaling load reduction
with handover rate reduction
FHM minimizes unnecessary
handovers of stationary devices
PM reduces handover
boundaries
Reliable user experience
similar to typical macro cell
Median SINR similar to macro
experience3 thanks to ~ 4 dB
gain with UltraSON turned on
Nascar trial benefit examples
UltraSON is a product of Qualcomm Technologies, Inc.

20. 20
Cost-effective hyper-densification requires more ‘unplanned’ deployments
And all deployment scenarios—residential, neighborhood small cells (NSC), enterprise, Metro/Pico
Bringing 1000x closer to reality: hyper-dense small cells
1
Qualcomm technologies’ UltraSON™ is a key enabler to 1000x hyper-densification
Solves multiple hyper-dense challenges; ‘unplanned’ small cells, robust mobility, reliable user experience
2
3
World’s densest ‘unplanned’ small cell deployment brings 1000x closer to reality1
If a deployment equivalent to ~1000 small cell per km2 works at a Nascar venue, it should work everywhere
1 World’s densest LTE outdoor small cell network as of 4/2014, based on prior publicly announced deployments. Sprint/Nascar/Airspan/Qualcomm small cell demo took place March 2nd 2014 at the Phoenix international raceway. UltraSON is a product of Qualcomm Technologies, Inc.

21. 21
Will There Be 1000x Demand?
It’s Just a Matter of Time…

22. 22
Pushing wireless boundaries
To learn more about 1000x, go to
www.qualcomm.com/1000x
To learn more about small cells, go to
www.qualcomm.com/smallcells
To learn more about small cells research:
www.qualcomm.com/research/smallcells

23. 23
@Qualcomm_tech
Questions? - Connect with Us
BLOG
http://www.qualcomm.com/blog/contributors/prakash-sangam
http://www.slideshare.net/qualcommwirelessevolution
http://storify.com/qualcomm_tech
http://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL8AD95E4F585237C1&feature=plcp
www.qualcomm.com/technology

24. 24
For more information on Qualcomm, visit us at:
www.qualcomm.com & www.qualcomm.com/blog
© 2014 QUALCOMM Incorporated and/or its subsidiaries. All Rights Reserved.
Qualcomm, UltraSON, and FSM are trademarks of Qualcomm Incorporated, registered in the United States and other countries, used with
permission. Other products or brand names may be trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective owners.
References in this presentation to “Qualcomm” may mean Qualcomm Incorporated, Qualcomm Technologies, Inc., and/or other subsidiaries or business
units within the Qualcomm corporate structure, as applicable.
Qualcomm Incorporated includes Qualcomm’s licensing business, QTL, and the vast majority of its patent portfolio. Qualcomm Technologies, Inc., a
wholly-owned subsidiary of Qualcomm Incorporated, operates, along with its subsidiaries, substantially all of Qualcomm’s engineering, research and
development functions, and substantially all of its product and services businesses, including its semiconductor business, QCT.
Thank you
Follow us on: