pollution is a major threat to present environmental status

1. Presented by,
M.UmaMaheshwari,
II M.Sc Botany,
St.Mary’s college (Autonomous),
Thoothukudi

2. Pollution
Pollution is defined as an unwanted
change in the environment
It can be natural or manmade

3. Types of pollution
 7 types of pollution in modern world
Water pollution
Air pollution
Thermal pollution
Noise pollution
Soil pollution
Radioactive pollution
Light pollution
Visual pollution

4. What is Water pollution?
 Water pollution is the contamination of natural
water bodies by chemical, physical, radioactive or
pathogenic microbial substances.

5. Sources
 Industrial waste

6.  Eutrophication

7.  Pathogens

8.  Organic wastes

9.  Oil spills

10.  Natural disasters

11. Remedies
 Stabilization of eco systems
 Do not throw industrial, farm or other waste and
sewage into rivers.
 Boil water before drinking.
 Recycling of waste
 City water should be treated properly.
 Oil spills should be prevented.
 Dead bodies should not thrown in water bodies.
 Trees should be planted along the rivers.
 Awareness should be created among the people.

12. What is Air pollution?
 Air pollution is defined as any contamination of the
atmosphere that disturbs the natural composition and
chemistry of the air

13. Causes
 GLOBALISATION

14.  POPULATION

15.  INDUSTRALISATION

16.  Sulphur dioxide and carbon monoxide

17.  Burning plastic, wood and rubber

18. Effects of air pollution
 Acid rain
 Ozone layer depletion
 Greenhouse effect & Global warming

19. Acid rain
 When fossil fuels are burned, they let out oxides into the
air. When these oxides mix with water in the atmosphere,
they make acid, which fall as precipitation

20. Green house effect and global
warming
 The pollutants like Carbon dioxide, Nitrous oxide can trap
heat radiations from solar radiations and they do not allow
the heat to escape to outer surface. Thus increases the
temperature causing Global warming. This frequently leads
to melting of polar ice bergs and the sea level increases

21. Ozone layer depletion
 Ozone is a pale blue gas which protects our Earth from
ultraviolet rays coming from the sun. This gas is
mainly formed in stratosphere.
 Absorption of UV radiations by the molecules of
Sulphur oxide, Nitrous oxide, aldehydes forms the
Ozone gas and causes depletion of ozone layer and the
UV rays enters the earth and causes severe effects in
the earth

22. What is Soil pollution?
 Accumulation of man-made toxic substances in soil
that has a negative effect of plant and animal life.
 Poor cultivation or farming practices, industrial waste
dumping and mineral utilization

23. Sources
 Insecticides, pesticides

24.  Mining

25.  Overcrowded landfills

26. Effects
 Decrease in soil fertility
 Disturbance in the balance of flora and fauna
 Increase in salinity of the soil
 Creation of toxic dust
 Foul smell due to industrial chemicals
 Alteration in the soil structure

27. Remedies
1.sewage treatment before dumping wastes.
2.spraying of pesticides must be reduced.
3.using of compost instead of fertilizers.
4.reduce combustion of fuels as the fumes result in acid
rain when combined with rain that pollute the soil.
5.reduce use of plastic.
6.do not litter.
7.use dustbin.

28. What is Thermal pollution?
 Thermal pollution is excess heat that creates
undesirable effects over long periods of time.

29. Sources
 Power plants
 Urban sprawl
 Air pollution particulates that trap heat
 Deforestration

30. Remedies
 Reduce mechanical friction
 Burn less coal, oil or gas.
 Plant as many trees as possible
 Cool the water before they put it back in the ocean.

31. What is Noise pollution?
 The noise pollution is defined as the unwanted
sound which is released into the environment.

32. Causes
 Traffic

33.  Railway Stations

34.  Industrial noise

35.  Construction Equipments

36. Remedies
 Automobile Servicing
 Tree Plantation
 Soundproof Homes
 Factory Location
 White Noise Machine:
The latest technology for overcoming the
effects of noise pollution is using white noise
machine. It is a device meant for converting
unbearable noise into pleasant sound

37. What is Radioactive pollution
 Radioactive pollution is rare but extremely
detrimental, and even deadly, when it occurs

38. Sources
 Nuclear power plant accidents or leakage
 Improper nuclear waste disposal
 Uranium mining operations

39. Effects
 Birth defects,
 Cancer,
 Sterilization, and
 Other health problems for human and wildlife
populations.

41. Remedies
 stoppage of leakage from the radioactive materials
 The disposal of radioactive material must be safe and
secure
 The protective garments must be worn
 The natural radiation must be at the permissible limits

42. What is light pollution?
 Bright lighting in functions, big cities, etc. causes
“Light Pollution”.

43. Sources
 Large cities
 Billboards and advertising
 Nighttime sporting events and other nighttime
entertainment

44. Effects
 Degrade the quality of life
 discomfort in the eyes

45. Remedies
 Shield and lower the wattage of all outdoor lighting—
both municipal and private.
 Use only the light you need to get the job done.
 Work with your neighbors and local government to
keep the light on the ground and the skies natural.
 Use light emitting diodes (LED)

46. What is visual pollution?
 Visual pollution - eyesores - can be caused by other
pollution or just by undesirable, unattractive views

47. Sources
 Power lines
 Construction areas
 Billboards and advertising
 Neglected areas or objects such as polluted vacant
fields or abandoned buildings

48. Effects
 Some immediate health and environmental problems
 Less effective than other pollution

49. Conclusion
 It is our duty to save our beloved planet.
 Plant more trees
 Each drop of water also counts
 Use eco – friendly products