Transportation Sector in India
Group-3
•Ashish Baijal (3)
•Mihir Jana (14)
•Sorabh Marwah (25)
•Ritambhar Roy (38)
•Sandeep Sreenivasa (50)

History Independent India:
 Top down infrastructure vision.
 16th century: Sher Shah  Government trying to prove to the
Suri, commissioned the world what India was capable of.
Grand Trunk Road .  1950-70: traffic increased thirty fold,
road length went up only five times.
 British India Era:  Rail network increased – 0.5% in
infrastructure focused on 1950s, barely detectable growth of
colonial requirements. 0.2% in 1960s, 70s.
 1853: Boribunder to Thane.
 6th Five year plan: ‘power, coal, and
transport plan.
Lobbied by mill owners in  750 km Konkan railway: First major
Lancashire. project since British left.
 Railway Network: 0 km in  Unstable Governments =>
1850 to 10,500 km by 1875 Infrastructure investment - lose-lose
option.
 Vajpayee’s Government - made
infrastructure politically fashionable.
1500
1947
2009

Profile
Source: Planning Commission, 10th five year plan

Comprehending Transport
A fully Integrated, Safe transport network which supports social and
economic Regeneration and ensures good Access for all which, is
operated to the highest Standards to protect the environment and
ensure Quality of Life.

Road

NHDP-1 Golden Quadrilateral, 5846 km
NHDP NHDP-2 North South, East-West Corridor,
7300 km
NHDP-3 Upgrade 12,109 km of NHs.
 NHDP-1 Golden
Quadrilateral5846 km NHDP-4 2 laning of remaining roads.
 NHDP-2 North-South, East-
West Corridor, 7300 km. NHDP-5 6 laning of selected roads
 NHDP-3 Upgrade 12,109 NHDP-6 Chennai-Bangalore,
km of NHs. Kolkata-Dhanbad Expressway.
 NHDP-4 2 laning of
remaining roads NHDP-7 Ring Roads, Grade Separators
 NHDP-5 6 laning of selected
roads
 NHDP-6 Chennai-
Bangalore, Kolkata-Dhanbad
Expressway.
 NHDP-7 Ring Roads, Grade
Separators

Railways
 One of the longest
network in the world –
63,327 km, 6300
stations.
 Daily
 18 million passengers.
 2 tonnes of freight.
 Konkan Railway. Major
project after
 RORO(Roll On Roll Off)
independence.
service: road-rail
synergy.
 Kashmir Railway – second
 Tariff policies: overcharge
highest in the world.
freight to subsidize passenger
travel  Mumbai- Delhi, Mumbai-
Howrah Rail Corridor.

Intra-City: Public Transport

Water and Sea

Aviation  PPP Model, Green field airports-
Bangalore, Hyderabad.
 Airlines connect more than 80 cities.
 System remains untapped.  Privatization of Delhi and Mumbai
Airports
 Around 90 million passengers
annually.
 Equal to Railways in 5 days.  Mumbai-Delhi air corridor, ranked
6th busiest routes

Institutional Arrangement
Source: ADB - Indian transport profile

Share of Transport Sector

Comparison with China

PPP model, IIFCL
Role of IIFCL
 IIFCL is a SPV to provide long term finance to infrastructure projects
 Overriding priority to PPP projects
 Finance projects in sectors like roads, airports, ports, power, urban
infrastructure etc

Challenges

Way Forward
Expanding Construction Capacity
Construction industry capacity already overstretched –
quality, price affected
Improving Contract Management
On average publicly financed road construction
contracts suffering 35% cost over-runs
Poor quality of designs and site investigations.
Land acquisition.

Accountability/Transparency.
Media must do its part to increase the accountability of
public institutions, examples:

References
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