modals, have to, must, can, could, should

1. MODAL VERBS
Can/ Can’t- Could/Couldn’t
Should/Shouldn’t
Must/ Mustn’t
Have to/ Don’t have to

3. Special features
• No  verbos auxiliares
• Seguidos de la FORMA BASE del libro.
• Forma base: To have
To listen
To ride

4. Structure
• AFFIRMATIVE:
SUBJECT+ MODAL + VERB (base form) + COMPL.
• NEGATIVE:
SUBJECT + MODAL + NOT + VERB (base form) +
COMPL.
• INTERROGATIVE:
MODAL + SUBJECT + VERB (base form) + COMPL?

5. CAN
CANNOT/ CAN’T

6. USOS
• Habilidades: SABER
• Posibilidades: PODER
• Pedir y Dar permiso: PODER

8. Abilities: SABER

10. Possibilities: PODER

12. Asking or giving permission

13. STRUCTURE
• AFIRMATIVA:
Subject + CAN+ verb + compl.
• NEGATIVA:
Subject + CAN’T / CANNOT + verb + compl.
• INTERROGATIVA:
CAN+ subject + verb+ compl?

14. COULD
COULD NOT/
COULDN’T

15. USOS
• Habilidades en el pasado: SABÍA
• Posibilidades en el pasado: PODÍA
• Pedir y Dar permiso formalmente:
PODER

17. Abilities in the past: SABÍA

19. Possibilities in the past: PODÍA

21. Asking/giving permission
(+ FORMAL)

22. STRUCTURE
• AFIRMATIVA:
Subject + COULD+ verb + compl.
• NEGATIVA:
Subject + COULDN’T / COULD NOT + verb +
compl.
• INTERROGATIVA:
COULD+ subject + verb+ compl?

23. SHOULD
SHOULD NOT/
SHOULDN’T

24. USOS
• Pedir o dar CONSEJOS

26. Asking or giving ADVICE

28. Asking or giving ADVICE

29. STRUCTURE
• AFIRMATIVA:
Subject + SHOULD+ verb + compl.
• NEGATIVA:
Subject + SHOULDN’T / SHOULD NOT + verb +
compl.
• INTERROGATIVA:
SHOULD+ subject + verb+ compl?

30. MUST
MUST NOT/
MUSTN’T

31. USOS
• MUST: Necesidad u
obligación de hacer algo:
DEBER
• MUSTN’T: Prohibición

33. MUST: Need of obligation to
do something

35. MUST: Need or obligation to
do something

37. MUSTN’T: Prohibition

39. MUSTN’T: Prohibition

40. STRUCTURE
• AFIRMATIVA:
Subject + MUST+ verb + compl.
• NEGATIVA:
Subject + MUST NOT/ MUSTN’T+ verb + compl.
• INTERROGATIVA:
MUST+ subject + verb+ compl?

41. HAVE TO
DON’T/ DOESN’T
HAVE TO

42. USOS
• HAVE TO: Necesidad u obligación de
hacer algo sin que haya más
remedio: TENER QUE
• DON’T HAVE TO: Falta de
obligación. NO TENER POR QUÉ…

44. HAVE TO: Obligation or need to
do something (No  choices)

46. HAVE TO: Obligation or need to
do something (No  choices)

48. DON’T / DOESN’T HAVE TO:
Lack of Obligation

50. DON’T / DOESN’T HAVE TO:
Lack of Obligation

51. STRUCTURE
• AFIRMATIVA:
Subject + HAVE/HAS TO+ verb + compl.
• NEGATIVA:
Subject + DON’T/DOESN’T HAVE TO+ verb +
compl.
• INTERROGATIVA:
DO/DOES+ subject +HAVE TO+ verb+ compl?

52. That’s all!