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2007-2008 Evolutionary Forces What changes populations?
Evolution is… ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Forces of evolutionary change ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Natural Selection ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Predation  Selection ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Physiological Selection ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],HOT STUFF ! Some fish had the variation of producing anti-freeze protein 5.5 mya The Antarctic Ocean freezes over
Sexual Selection ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Survival doesn’t matter if you don’t reproduce ! Organisms want their genes  prevail and live on!
The lion’s mane… ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Coevolution ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Effects of Selection ,[object Object],DIRECTIONAL SELECTION STABILIZING SELECTION DISRUPTIVE SELECTION giraffe neck horse size human birth weight rock pocket mice
Genetic Drift  ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Founder effect ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],albino deer Seneca Army Depot
Distribution of blood types ,[object Object]
Bottleneck effect ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Cheetahs  ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Any Questions??

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2. Evolutionary Forces

Editor's Notes

  1. Even though it’s very hot to have a large mane the benefit of attracting mates and successfully producing & rearing young since you have that large mane outweighs the costs. Females who chose these males were more “successful” (more, healthier young) and therefore had a greater opportunity to pass on the trait of being attracted to longer darker manes to their daughters and the trait of having longer, darker manes to their sons.
  2. Small founder group, less genetic diversity than Africans All white people around the world are descended from a small group of ancestors 100,000 years ago (Chinese are white people!)
  3. South & Central American Indians were nearly 100% type O for the ABO blood system. Since nothing in nature seems to strongly select for or against this trait, it is likely that most of these people are descendants of a small band of closely related "founders" who also shared this blood type