How to Fight Lecturalgia

How to Fight Lecturalgia Kevin A. Clauson, Pharm.D.

Who am I? Who are you?

ResponseCard Activation • Step 1: Press GO • Step 2: Press 41 • Step 3: Press GO • Green indicator light should flash

Which program are you from? 1. Allied Health Sciences 2. Arts and Sciences 3. Business 4. Education 5. Engineering 6. Journalism 7. Law 8. Nursing 9. Pharmacy 10. Other

Objectives  Discuss the underlying causes, symptomatology, and treatments for lecturalgia  Explore the benefits and hurdles with the audience response system (ARS)  Formulate a plan to increase student interaction and engagement with ARS

What is Lecturalgia? 1. Word from Latin for ‘painful lecture’ 2. Endangered species of microplankton 3. Type of nail fungus 4. Word I just made up

Causes of lecturalgia Med Educ 2001;35(12):1135-42.

Poor judgment

Poor organization

Poor delivery

Symptoms of lecturalgia to watch for…

Tinnitus

Loss of consciousness

And of course… texting

Before exposure After exposure

How do we combat lecturalgia?

What is the most effective method for learning? 1. Face-to-face 0% classroom courses 0% 2. Online self-paced 0% courses 3. Online synchronous courses Face-to-face clas... Online self-paced... Online synchronou...

Solutions to treat lecturalgia are not always clear Proceedings of World Conference on Educational Multimedia, Hypermedia and Telecommunications 2008 (4709-4717).

Gamble that what you’ve always done still works?

Sometimes it’s best to dive right in

ARS to fight lecturalgia Proceedings 2008 (4709-4717).

Ultimately, it’s just one more tool

Use as part of a blended approach to teaching

Student populations are increasingly diverse with accompanying differences in learning styles

Example Demographics 208 first year pharmacy students  196 completed the survey  12 declined to participate Gender Age Female 64.3% Average: 25 Male 35.7% Range: 20-49

Ethnic Group (%) 100 90 80 70 60 50 35.7 35.7 40 30 19.9 20 5.1 3.6 10 0 White Hispanic Asian Other Black

First or Best Language English 62.8% Spanish 23.5% Other 6.1% Vietnamese 4.6%

When was ARS introduced into medical education? 1. Early 1970s 2. Early 1980s 3. Late 1980s 4. Late 1990s

First generation student clicker Mayo Clin Proc 1973;48:294-7. Mayo Clin Proc 1977;52:556-60.

What do we think we know? versus What do we actually know? Clinical Teacher 2008;5(4):218-21.

How frequently do you need to reengage your audience? 1. Every 3 minutes 2. Every 7 minutes 3. Every 15 minutes 4. Every 30 minutes

Every Minutes

Strategies for implementing ARS in the classroom

Customize the learning experience

What ARS strategy are you MOST looking forward to using? 0% 1. Factual questions to evaluate outside readings and content 0% 2. Conceptual questions to drive discussion 0% 3. Linkable pre- and post-test questions 4. Creating questions on the fly to gauge 0% student understanding 5. Real-time course evaluations 0% Medical Teacher 2008;30(2):146-9.

Additional ARS Strategies • Administer low stakes quizzes • Analyze data generated and map to objectives or outcomes • Assess participation • Elicit (anonymous) opinions on sensitive topics • Increase direct interaction with students • Take attendance Am J Pharm Educ 2008;72(4):77.

What type of bacteria is this? 1. Staphylococcus 2. Streptococcus 3. Meningococcus

What color is the cerebellum? 1. Blue 2. Green 3. Purple 4. Red 5. Yellow

Hurdles with ARS

What will the biggest hurdle be here for using ARS? 0% 1. Acquisition and maintenance costs 0% 2. Requirement to change teaching style and existing lecture 0% 3. Student resistance to change 0% 4. Technology malfunctions 0% 5. Time investment by faculty to learn software and hardware

What color elicits the strongest placebo effect for depression? 1. Green 2. Red 3. Yellow 4. Pill color does not alter response

BMJ 1996;313:1624-26.

Pilot study using ARS to connect three campuses

Survey Item SA/A U SD/D (%) (%) (%) Use of ARS encouraged 89.8 5.1 5.1 me to participate in class Because of ARS I 84.5 4.5 11.0 participated more than I usually do I valued that ARS let me 93.2 3.4 3.4 respond anonymously The use of ARS made 72.0 15.4 12.6 some topics clearer The use of ARS was 12.0 11.4 76.6 distracting SA=strongly agree, A=agree, U=unsure, SD=strongly disagree, D=disagree

Survey Item SA/A U SD/D (%) (%) (%) ARS helped me focus 76.0 13.1 10.9 when professor was at a different site ARS made it easier to 84.5 9.7 5.8 participate when professor was at another site When ARS were used I 73.1 17.1 9.8 felt more connected to the class SA=strongly agree, A=agree, U=unsure, SD=strongly disagree, D=disagree

In healthcare – if you didn’t document it, then you didn’t do it

In education – if you didn’t assess it, you might as well not have done it

Pay attention to the details

Summary Points • ARS is one tool in our arsenal to increase student engagement • Proactively managing the hurdles will result in a better learning experience • Results at institutions that have implemented have been positive across the board

Images • http://www.flickr.com/photos/30211781@N04/3938632570/sizes/l/in/photostream/ • http://www.aace.org/conf/edmedia/ • http://www.villaware.com/Product.aspx?pid=1506 • http://www.eikongraphia.com/images/language/Tower_of_Babel_2_S.jpg • http://dclips.fundraw.com/zobo500dir/ornamental_s_7.jpg • http://www.flickr.com/photos/30211781@N04/3937853319/sizes/l/in/photostream/ • http://www.flickr.com/photos/30211781@N04/3937857829/sizes/l/in/photostream/ • http://neatorama.cachefly.net/images/uploads/2007/03/1292945_360x249.jpg

Thank you for your time! clauson@nova.edu @kevinclauson

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How to Fight Lecturalgia

by Kevin Clauson on May 06, 2010

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