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Objectives ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],PP 4-1
Classes of Nouns  PP 4-2 Ideas and Qualities Activities Things Places Persons freedom sincerity   walking singing  computer e-mail   college Switzerland   assistant Bill Gates
Common and Proper Nouns  Common Nouns   PP 4-3 Proper Nouns   ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],magazine employee dictionary   Wall Street January Grand Canyon
Functions of Nouns  ,[object Object],PP 4-4a Nouns often appear as singular or compound subjects of sentences.  Their usual placement in the sentence is before the verb. Many  people  use the Internet for research purposes. George  and  Kim  work for an online clothing store. ,[object Object],A direct object often involves a noun that receives the action of a verb.  A direct object appears after the verb.  Direct objects may be singular or plural. The administrator requested new  computers .
Functions of Nouns  ,[object Object],PP 4-4b An indirect object usually appears before a direct object and directly after a verb in a sentence.  Indirect objects usually follow verbs such as  buy, sell, send, ask, give. I bought  Laurie  a docking station for her computer. ,[object Object],A prepositional phrase consists of a preposition, the object of the preposition, which is a noun or pronoun, and its modifiers.  More that one prepositional phrase may appear in a sentence. The seminar focused  on using the Internet  and its use  in  small businesses .   continued
Functions of Nouns  ,[object Object],PP 4-4c A subject complement (predicate noun) follows a linking verb and renames the subject. Alice Hampton is our help desk  technician . ,[object Object],The term appositive means one noun renames another noun or pronoun.  The appositive immediately follows the noun it renames. Alice Hampton, our help desk  technician ,  recommends that we update our software. continued
Functions of Nouns  ,[object Object],PP 4-4d A noun in direct address names the individual being addressed. Tim , please design new icons for our Website. We believe,  Tim , that you know more about  our Website than anyone else.   continued
Plural Forms of Nouns  ,[object Object],PP 4-5 To form plurals of most common and proper nouns, add  s  to the singular nouns.   File page desk keystroke file s page s desk s keystroke s
Collective Nouns Collective nouns name a group of persons or things. PP 4-6 ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Plurals of Nouns Ending in  . . .  Exception ch sh s x z or Add  es PP 4-7 quiz quiz zes   watch watch es dish dish es glass glass es box box es waltz waltz es
Plurals of Nouns Ending in  . . .  PP 4-8 ,[object Object],[object Object],belief belief s shelf shel ves wife wi ves   F, fe, or ff ,[object Object],wharf wharf s /whar ves
Plural Forms of Nouns . . .  When a noun ends in  y  and the letter before the  y  is a vowel, add an  s  to make the noun plural. PP 4-9 delay key boy play essay delay s key s boy s play s essay s
Plural Forms of Nouns . . .  When a noun ends in  y  and the letter before the  y  is a consonant, change the  y  to  i  and add  es  to make the noun plural. PP 4-10 policy   copy   accessory facility polic ies cop ies accessor ies facilit ies
Plural Forms of Nouns . . .  When the noun ends in  o  and is preceded by a vowel, add an  s  to form the plural. PP 4-11 ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],When the noun ends in  o  and is preceded by a consonant, add  s  or  es  to form the plural.   ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Irregular Noun Plurals  and Special Nouns  ,[object Object],PP 4-12a ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Singular Plural
Irregular Noun Plurals  and Special Nouns  ,[object Object],PP 4-12b ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Singular Plural continued
Irregular Noun Plurals  and Special Nouns  ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],PP 4-12c continued
Foreign Nouns ,[object Object],[object Object],PP 4-13 syllabus syllabi (preferred) syllabuses census censuses index indices (math) indexes (books) criterion criteria (preferred) criterions Foreign  Singular Foreign  Plural English  Plural
Abbreviations  ,[object Object],PP 4-14 ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Singular Abbreviation Plural Abbreviation
Measurements  ,[object Object],PP 4-15 ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Singular Abbreviation Plural Abbreviation
Numbers  ,[object Object],PP 4-16 ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Singular Number Plural Number ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Singular Number Plural Number
Letters ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],PP 4-17 D D s A A ’s i  i ’s Singular Letter Plural Letter
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Functions Of Nouns

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  • 3. Classes of Nouns PP 4-2 Ideas and Qualities Activities Things Places Persons freedom sincerity walking singing computer e-mail college Switzerland assistant Bill Gates
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  • 11. Plurals of Nouns Ending in . . . Exception ch sh s x z or Add es PP 4-7 quiz quiz zes watch watch es dish dish es glass glass es box box es waltz waltz es
  • 12.
  • 13. Plural Forms of Nouns . . . When a noun ends in y and the letter before the y is a vowel, add an s to make the noun plural. PP 4-9 delay key boy play essay delay s key s boy s play s essay s
  • 14. Plural Forms of Nouns . . . When a noun ends in y and the letter before the y is a consonant, change the y to i and add es to make the noun plural. PP 4-10 policy copy accessory facility polic ies cop ies accessor ies facilit ies
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