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Ancient tamilakam
This document discusses the Megalithic period in ancient Tamilakam. It notes that during this period, urn burials known as nannangadi were common, where the remains of the deceased would be placed in large urns. Various megalithic monuments like stone circles, dolmens, and menhirs were also constructed during this period. Artifacts found at these sites, like iron tools, pottery, and Roman coins, indicate that this was the Iron Age in South Indian history. The document lists some major archaeological sites in Tamil Nadu and Kerala where megalithic monuments have been discovered.
ANCIENT TAMILAKAM
The document discusses the history and culture of ancient Tamilakam based on evidence from megalithic monuments and Sangam literature. It describes burial practices like placing remains in large urns and covering them with stones. Megalithic sites containing tools, pots, beads and coins provide information on the Iron Age. Sangam texts from 300 BCE to 300 CE describe life, including women poets, kingdoms of Cheras, Pandyas and Cholas, and an exchange system where goods were traded for commodities. They classify songs into personal and external themes and illustrate the region's resources, food, dress and customs.
Presentation on Mid Day Meal
The Midday Meal Scheme is a school meal programme of the Government of India designed to improve the nutritional status of school-age children nationwide.
Tamil land and people (akam, purum, thinai, thurai etc..)
Tamil land and people (akam, purum, thinai, thurai etc..)Department of Linguistics,Bharathiar University
Dr.S.Sundarabalu
Assistant Professor
Department of Linguistics
Bharathiar University,Coimbatore-46
Visiting Professor ,ICCR’s Tamil Chair
Institute of Oriental Studies, Dept. of Indology
Jagiellonian University, Krakow-Poland
sunder_balu@yahoo.co.in
Culture and festivals of west bengal by goutam choudhary
this is a presentation on consumer behavior.To know the culture of Indian people as we all know that INDIA is a country of diversity where different the people of different culture who have their own beliefs,thoughts,test and preferences live. So its a responsibility of the marketers to understand the culture of Indian people who have different perceptions on the same things because of this faith tradition. So as a marketer always conducting research on the behavior of the consumer is so much important to success in the market. Because peoples of different culture have different occasions and fests so the marketers have to target those times where the customers demand various products and services according to requirement. So there is an opportunity for the marketers to launch their their product and services and earn benefit and increase the knowledge of customers.
Dance
This document summarizes several major classical dance forms of India, including Bharatnatyam, Kathakali, Kathak, Mohiniattam, Odissi, Kuchipudi, and Manipuri. It explains that India has a diverse range of dance styles, from deeply religious dances to those performed at small occasions. For each dance form, it provides a brief description of its origins, characteristics, and cultural significance in its respective region of India. The document aims to introduce some of the main classical Indian dances and provide basic context about their development and traditions.
Chalukya of Vengi Dynasty
The Chalukya dynasty originated in Western India between the 6th and 13th centuries CE and comprised three main branches - the Badami Chalukyas who ruled from Badami, the Eastern Chalukyas who ruled the Vengi region from the 7th to 10th centuries, and the Western Chalukyas who ruled from Kalyani. The Eastern Chalukyas controlled a fertile region along the Godavari and Krishna rivers in present-day Andhra Pradesh and Telangana. They competed for power with other South Indian dynasties like the Pallavas and Rashtrakutas but declined in the 11th century when their kingdom fell to the Chola Empire.
Tinai concept
The document discusses the social life in ancient Tamilakam, which was divided into different regions called Tinais based on landscape. There were five main Tinais: Kurinchi for hilly regions where people practiced shifting cultivation; Mullai for grasslands where cattle rearing was main occupation; Palai for desert regions with no specific occupation; Marutham for wetlands where cultivation was main job; and Neytal for coastal regions where fishing and salt preparation were occupations. Each Tinai was associated with different occupations and ways of life according to their landscape.
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Ancient tamilakam
This document discusses the Megalithic period in ancient Tamilakam. It notes that during this period, urn burials known as nannangadi were common, where the remains of the deceased would be placed in large urns. Various megalithic monuments like stone circles, dolmens, and menhirs were also constructed during this period. Artifacts found at these sites, like iron tools, pottery, and Roman coins, indicate that this was the Iron Age in South Indian history. The document lists some major archaeological sites in Tamil Nadu and Kerala where megalithic monuments have been discovered.
ANCIENT TAMILAKAM
The document discusses the history and culture of ancient Tamilakam based on evidence from megalithic monuments and Sangam literature. It describes burial practices like placing remains in large urns and covering them with stones. Megalithic sites containing tools, pots, beads and coins provide information on the Iron Age. Sangam texts from 300 BCE to 300 CE describe life, including women poets, kingdoms of Cheras, Pandyas and Cholas, and an exchange system where goods were traded for commodities. They classify songs into personal and external themes and illustrate the region's resources, food, dress and customs.
Presentation on Mid Day Meal
The Midday Meal Scheme is a school meal programme of the Government of India designed to improve the nutritional status of school-age children nationwide.
Tamil land and people (akam, purum, thinai, thurai etc..)
Tamil land and people (akam, purum, thinai, thurai etc..)Department of Linguistics,Bharathiar University
Dr.S.Sundarabalu
Assistant Professor
Department of Linguistics
Bharathiar University,Coimbatore-46
Visiting Professor ,ICCR’s Tamil Chair
Institute of Oriental Studies, Dept. of Indology
Jagiellonian University, Krakow-Poland
sunder_balu@yahoo.co.in
Culture and festivals of west bengal by goutam choudhary
this is a presentation on consumer behavior.To know the culture of Indian people as we all know that INDIA is a country of diversity where different the people of different culture who have their own beliefs,thoughts,test and preferences live. So its a responsibility of the marketers to understand the culture of Indian people who have different perceptions on the same things because of this faith tradition. So as a marketer always conducting research on the behavior of the consumer is so much important to success in the market. Because peoples of different culture have different occasions and fests so the marketers have to target those times where the customers demand various products and services according to requirement. So there is an opportunity for the marketers to launch their their product and services and earn benefit and increase the knowledge of customers.
Dance
This document summarizes several major classical dance forms of India, including Bharatnatyam, Kathakali, Kathak, Mohiniattam, Odissi, Kuchipudi, and Manipuri. It explains that India has a diverse range of dance styles, from deeply religious dances to those performed at small occasions. For each dance form, it provides a brief description of its origins, characteristics, and cultural significance in its respective region of India. The document aims to introduce some of the main classical Indian dances and provide basic context about their development and traditions.
Chalukya of Vengi Dynasty
The Chalukya dynasty originated in Western India between the 6th and 13th centuries CE and comprised three main branches - the Badami Chalukyas who ruled from Badami, the Eastern Chalukyas who ruled the Vengi region from the 7th to 10th centuries, and the Western Chalukyas who ruled from Kalyani. The Eastern Chalukyas controlled a fertile region along the Godavari and Krishna rivers in present-day Andhra Pradesh and Telangana. They competed for power with other South Indian dynasties like the Pallavas and Rashtrakutas but declined in the 11th century when their kingdom fell to the Chola Empire.
Tinai concept
The document discusses the social life in ancient Tamilakam, which was divided into different regions called Tinais based on landscape. There were five main Tinais: Kurinchi for hilly regions where people practiced shifting cultivation; Mullai for grasslands where cattle rearing was main occupation; Palai for desert regions with no specific occupation; Marutham for wetlands where cultivation was main job; and Neytal for coastal regions where fishing and salt preparation were occupations. Each Tinai was associated with different occupations and ways of life according to their landscape.
Classical dances in India
Famous classical dances in India. Indian classical dance, or Shastriya Nritya, is an umbrella term for various performance arts rooted in religious Hindu musical theatre styles, whose theory and practice can be traced to the Sanskrit text Natya Shastra.
The number of recognized classical dances range from eight to more, depending on the source and scholar. The Sangeet Natak Akademi recognizes eight – Bharatanatyam, Kathak, Kuchipudi, Odissi, Kathakali, Sattriya, Manipuri and Mohiniyattam.Scholars such as Drid Williams add Chhau, Yaksagana and Bhagavata Mela to the list.While the Culture Ministry of the Government of India recognizes Chhau as well. These dances have been regional, all of them include music and recitation in local language or Sanskrit, and they represent a unity of core ideas in a diversity of styles, costumes and expression
Sangam
The document provides an overview of Sangam literature and the Sangam period of ancient Tamil Nadu. Some key points:
- Sangam literature is one of the main sources for documenting the early history of Tamil Nadu and mentions kings and princes of the Chola, Pandya and Chera kingdoms.
- Sources include literary works as well as archaeological evidence. Literary sources include Sangam poems/texts and works by foreign travelers.
- The society was divided into peasants, laborers, artisans and other occupational groups rather than a strict caste system. Trade within India and abroad was an important part of the economy.
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The document discusses the history and culture of Bengal and the Bengali people. It describes how Bengal is located in northeast India and Bangladesh, and is home to the Bengali language and people. The region has a long history dating back over 1000 years and was an important kingdom. The Bengal Renaissance from the 19th-20th centuries was a period of major social and cultural awakening that questioned traditions and influenced the independence movement. The region makes important contributions to literature, science, and culture today.
National policy on education 1986
The National Policy on Education 1986 aimed to promote equal access to education for all Indians. It sought to remove disparities and equalize educational opportunities, particularly for women and Scheduled Castes who had faced denial of equality. Key policies included prioritizing women's literacy and retention in elementary education, expanding vocational and professional education for women, and equalizing educational attainment for Scheduled Castes across all areas and levels of education. Measures to achieve this included scholarships, recruitment of teachers from Scheduled Castes, and provision of facilities like hostels.
Relative deprivation
Relative Deprivation Theory suggests that people who feel they are being deprived of almost anything considered essential in their society—whether money, rights, political voice or status—will organize or join social movements.
B.A. (Hons.) 1st Sem. Syllabus- Political History of India (c. 600 BCE to 300...
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This document provides an introductory syllabus for a political history of India class from approximately 600 BCE to 300 CE. The syllabus outlines 5 units that will be covered: 1) the political conditions in 6th century BCE India, 2) foreign invasions by Persians and Macedonians, 3) the Mauryan Dynasty, 4) post-Mauryan dynasties, and 5) foreign dynasties including Indo-Greeks, Saka, and Kushans. Specific topics within each unit are listed, such as the rise of the Magadha Empire and the invasions of Cyrus, Darius I, and Xerxes. Guidelines for the online class areThe Chola Dynasty (Golden age of tamil culture)
The Chola Dynasty ruled parts of southern India between the 9th and 13th centuries AD. They built a powerful empire and had a significant impact on culture through their patronage of arts, architecture, and literature. The Cholas constructed grand Hindu temples, such as the Brihadeeswarar Temple at Thanjavur, which are now UNESCO World Heritage Sites. They also excelled in bronze sculpture and introduced new styles of dance and poetry. The Chola administration was highly centralized under the king, who oversaw efficient military, revenue collection, and local governance systems. Their empire declined in the 13th century due to growing Pandyan power and difficulties controlling their vast territories.
Tamilnadu culture
Presentation is all about the Tamil Nadu Culture and Changes occurred in the Culture in today's date.
Unity in Diversity
India is a diverse country with many different traditions, cultures, religions, languages, and other factors. However, it also demonstrates unity in diversity, with people of different backgrounds living together harmoniously for many centuries. Some key factors that contribute to unity in diversity in India include its various cultures, religions, languages, and more. Celebrating diversity while also fostering unity has been an important ideal for India, as promoted by its first Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru.
Political History of Rashtrakut Period.pptx
The Rashtrakuta Period lasted from approximately 753-982 CE. The Rashtrakuta dynasty originated from the Elichpur branch of the dynasty, which was originally a feudatory of the Badami Chalukyas. During the rule of Dantidurga in the 8th century, the Elichpur clan overthrew the Chalukya king Kirtivarman II and established an empire with its base in the Gulbarga region of modern Karnataka. The Rashtrakuta empire extended from the Ganga-Yamuna doab in the north to Kanyakumari in the south during its peak. The early Rashtrakuta kings were influenced by Brahmanism, Buddhism
Jyotiba phule
Jyotiba Phule early life, education, social movements, women education, Satya shodhaka samaj, pulished works,death and his commemoration.
Delhi sultanate
The Delhi Sultanate was founded in 1206 by Turkic Mamluks who established control over northern India and defended the region from Mongol invasions. They introduced Islamic architecture, coins, and governance, destroying some Hindu temples to build mosques. In the 14th century, the Sultanate expanded south but rebellions increased due to fluctuating taxes that burdened peasants. The last ruler was defeated in 1526 by the Mughals, ending the Sultanate's legacy of protecting India and facilitating trade, though they maintained social separation from Hindus.
The mauryan empire
presentation on Mauryan Empire for 1st semester MA Ancient Indian history, culture, and archaeology Seminar.
national institutes of different disabilities
This document outlines several national institutions in India that serve people with different disabilities. It describes 8 institutions: the Ali Yavar Jung National Institute for Hearing Handicapped, which provides services for hearing disabilities; the National Institute for Empowerment of Persons with Multiple Disabilities, which started clinical and training programs in 2005; the Seami Vivekanand National Institute of Rehabilitation, Training & Research, which provides training, aids, and rehabilitation; the National Institute for Orthopaedically Handicapped, established in 1978 to provide rehabilitation services for people with locomotor disabilities; the National Institute for Visually Handicapped, which conducts education and training programs for visual disabilities; the National Institute of Mentally
Kathakali
Kathakali originated from Krishnanattam in the 17th century. Kottarakkara Thampuran created Ramanattam from Krishnanattam, which later transformed into Attakkatha and was presented as Kathakali. It combines facial expressions, dance, hand gestures, song and instrumental music. Kathakali is performed in front of an oil lamp with lyrics in Manipravalam. Kerala Kalamandalam helped establish it as a major art form through training and legends like Kalamandalam Krishnan Nair. Kathakali uses extensive makeup and costumes to portray different characters through mudras and instrumentation.
Samudragupta ppt
Samudragupta was a ruler of the Gupta Empire from around 335-375 CE who ushered in the Golden Age of India. He succeeded his father Chandragupta I and went on extensive military campaigns, conquering most of India. Harishena was a court poet of Samudragupta who composed praises of the king, including on the Allahabad Pillar inscription. Pulakeshin II was a famous ruler of the Chalukya dynasty in the 6th century CE who expanded their kingdom across most of the Deccan region in South India during his reign.
Megalithic culture
This document discusses megalithic sites from South India's prehistoric past. Megaliths were large stone burial monuments used for important tribal figures dating back to around the 5th century BC. They have been found around river valleys, trade routes, and strategic locations. Different types of megalithic structures have been discovered, including dolmens which are single-chamber tombs made of large capstones supported by other standing stones, and menhirs which are single large upright standing stones that may stand alone or in groups. Artifacts found at these sites provide insights into the Iron Age culture and way of life of these early tribes.
Tribal education
India has the largest tribal population in the world, about 8.5 crore people. Many tribal children face difficulties in school because instruction is often not in their native language. While some government schemes aim to improve tribal education, problems remain at multiple levels including the school system, curriculum relevance, teacher quality, and socioeconomic barriers facing tribal communities. Effective solutions require addressing issues related to policy, planning, implementation, and aligning education with tribal cultures and environments.
Coins of Gupta Period (Samudragupta & Chandragupta II)
The PPP is for the students of UG & PG not for my API and not even for the commercial purpose.
The *slide 50* of this PPP is wrongly typed the name *Samudragupta instead of Chandragupta II*. so kindly correct in your notes.
Power point Presentation - Megalithic Monuments Kerala
The document discusses the practice of burying remains in large urns that was prevalent in ancient Tamilakam. It also lists different types of megalithic monuments like menhirs, cists, and dolmens that have been found containing iron tools like swords, spears, and knives. Examples of places in South India where these megalithic sites have been discovered include Kodumanal, Pazhani, Adichanellur, and Marayoor.
Five landscape of ancient tamilnadu(kurinji , mullai, marutham, neythal, palai)
This document describes the six landscape types or regions found in ancient Tamil literature: Kurinji refers to hill regions; Mullai refers to jungle and forest areas; Marutham describes plain lands used for cultivation; Neithal indicates sea shore areas and coasts; Palai represents desert areas. The document provides a brief overview of the six landscape types of ancient Tamil literature.
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Famous classical dances in India. Indian classical dance, or Shastriya Nritya, is an umbrella term for various performance arts rooted in religious Hindu musical theatre styles, whose theory and practice can be traced to the Sanskrit text Natya Shastra.
The number of recognized classical dances range from eight to more, depending on the source and scholar. The Sangeet Natak Akademi recognizes eight – Bharatanatyam, Kathak, Kuchipudi, Odissi, Kathakali, Sattriya, Manipuri and Mohiniyattam.Scholars such as Drid Williams add Chhau, Yaksagana and Bhagavata Mela to the list.While the Culture Ministry of the Government of India recognizes Chhau as well. These dances have been regional, all of them include music and recitation in local language or Sanskrit, and they represent a unity of core ideas in a diversity of styles, costumes and expression
Sangam
The document provides an overview of Sangam literature and the Sangam period of ancient Tamil Nadu. Some key points:
- Sangam literature is one of the main sources for documenting the early history of Tamil Nadu and mentions kings and princes of the Chola, Pandya and Chera kingdoms.
- Sources include literary works as well as archaeological evidence. Literary sources include Sangam poems/texts and works by foreign travelers.
- The society was divided into peasants, laborers, artisans and other occupational groups rather than a strict caste system. Trade within India and abroad was an important part of the economy.
Bengal and bengali culture
The document discusses the history and culture of Bengal and the Bengali people. It describes how Bengal is located in northeast India and Bangladesh, and is home to the Bengali language and people. The region has a long history dating back over 1000 years and was an important kingdom. The Bengal Renaissance from the 19th-20th centuries was a period of major social and cultural awakening that questioned traditions and influenced the independence movement. The region makes important contributions to literature, science, and culture today.
National policy on education 1986
The National Policy on Education 1986 aimed to promote equal access to education for all Indians. It sought to remove disparities and equalize educational opportunities, particularly for women and Scheduled Castes who had faced denial of equality. Key policies included prioritizing women's literacy and retention in elementary education, expanding vocational and professional education for women, and equalizing educational attainment for Scheduled Castes across all areas and levels of education. Measures to achieve this included scholarships, recruitment of teachers from Scheduled Castes, and provision of facilities like hostels.
Relative deprivation
Relative Deprivation Theory suggests that people who feel they are being deprived of almost anything considered essential in their society—whether money, rights, political voice or status—will organize or join social movements.
B.A. (Hons.) 1st Sem. Syllabus- Political History of India (c. 600 BCE to 300...
B.A. (Hons.) 1st Sem. Syllabus- Political History of India (c. 600 BCE to 300...Banaras Hindu University
This document provides an introductory syllabus for a political history of India class from approximately 600 BCE to 300 CE. The syllabus outlines 5 units that will be covered: 1) the political conditions in 6th century BCE India, 2) foreign invasions by Persians and Macedonians, 3) the Mauryan Dynasty, 4) post-Mauryan dynasties, and 5) foreign dynasties including Indo-Greeks, Saka, and Kushans. Specific topics within each unit are listed, such as the rise of the Magadha Empire and the invasions of Cyrus, Darius I, and Xerxes. Guidelines for the online class areThe Chola Dynasty (Golden age of tamil culture)
The Chola Dynasty ruled parts of southern India between the 9th and 13th centuries AD. They built a powerful empire and had a significant impact on culture through their patronage of arts, architecture, and literature. The Cholas constructed grand Hindu temples, such as the Brihadeeswarar Temple at Thanjavur, which are now UNESCO World Heritage Sites. They also excelled in bronze sculpture and introduced new styles of dance and poetry. The Chola administration was highly centralized under the king, who oversaw efficient military, revenue collection, and local governance systems. Their empire declined in the 13th century due to growing Pandyan power and difficulties controlling their vast territories.
Tamilnadu culture
Presentation is all about the Tamil Nadu Culture and Changes occurred in the Culture in today's date.
Unity in Diversity
India is a diverse country with many different traditions, cultures, religions, languages, and other factors. However, it also demonstrates unity in diversity, with people of different backgrounds living together harmoniously for many centuries. Some key factors that contribute to unity in diversity in India include its various cultures, religions, languages, and more. Celebrating diversity while also fostering unity has been an important ideal for India, as promoted by its first Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru.
Political History of Rashtrakut Period.pptx
The Rashtrakuta Period lasted from approximately 753-982 CE. The Rashtrakuta dynasty originated from the Elichpur branch of the dynasty, which was originally a feudatory of the Badami Chalukyas. During the rule of Dantidurga in the 8th century, the Elichpur clan overthrew the Chalukya king Kirtivarman II and established an empire with its base in the Gulbarga region of modern Karnataka. The Rashtrakuta empire extended from the Ganga-Yamuna doab in the north to Kanyakumari in the south during its peak. The early Rashtrakuta kings were influenced by Brahmanism, Buddhism
Jyotiba phule
Jyotiba Phule early life, education, social movements, women education, Satya shodhaka samaj, pulished works,death and his commemoration.
Delhi sultanate
The Delhi Sultanate was founded in 1206 by Turkic Mamluks who established control over northern India and defended the region from Mongol invasions. They introduced Islamic architecture, coins, and governance, destroying some Hindu temples to build mosques. In the 14th century, the Sultanate expanded south but rebellions increased due to fluctuating taxes that burdened peasants. The last ruler was defeated in 1526 by the Mughals, ending the Sultanate's legacy of protecting India and facilitating trade, though they maintained social separation from Hindus.
The mauryan empire
presentation on Mauryan Empire for 1st semester MA Ancient Indian history, culture, and archaeology Seminar.
national institutes of different disabilities
This document outlines several national institutions in India that serve people with different disabilities. It describes 8 institutions: the Ali Yavar Jung National Institute for Hearing Handicapped, which provides services for hearing disabilities; the National Institute for Empowerment of Persons with Multiple Disabilities, which started clinical and training programs in 2005; the Seami Vivekanand National Institute of Rehabilitation, Training & Research, which provides training, aids, and rehabilitation; the National Institute for Orthopaedically Handicapped, established in 1978 to provide rehabilitation services for people with locomotor disabilities; the National Institute for Visually Handicapped, which conducts education and training programs for visual disabilities; the National Institute of Mentally
Kathakali
Kathakali originated from Krishnanattam in the 17th century. Kottarakkara Thampuran created Ramanattam from Krishnanattam, which later transformed into Attakkatha and was presented as Kathakali. It combines facial expressions, dance, hand gestures, song and instrumental music. Kathakali is performed in front of an oil lamp with lyrics in Manipravalam. Kerala Kalamandalam helped establish it as a major art form through training and legends like Kalamandalam Krishnan Nair. Kathakali uses extensive makeup and costumes to portray different characters through mudras and instrumentation.
Samudragupta ppt
Samudragupta was a ruler of the Gupta Empire from around 335-375 CE who ushered in the Golden Age of India. He succeeded his father Chandragupta I and went on extensive military campaigns, conquering most of India. Harishena was a court poet of Samudragupta who composed praises of the king, including on the Allahabad Pillar inscription. Pulakeshin II was a famous ruler of the Chalukya dynasty in the 6th century CE who expanded their kingdom across most of the Deccan region in South India during his reign.
Megalithic culture
This document discusses megalithic sites from South India's prehistoric past. Megaliths were large stone burial monuments used for important tribal figures dating back to around the 5th century BC. They have been found around river valleys, trade routes, and strategic locations. Different types of megalithic structures have been discovered, including dolmens which are single-chamber tombs made of large capstones supported by other standing stones, and menhirs which are single large upright standing stones that may stand alone or in groups. Artifacts found at these sites provide insights into the Iron Age culture and way of life of these early tribes.
Tribal education
India has the largest tribal population in the world, about 8.5 crore people. Many tribal children face difficulties in school because instruction is often not in their native language. While some government schemes aim to improve tribal education, problems remain at multiple levels including the school system, curriculum relevance, teacher quality, and socioeconomic barriers facing tribal communities. Effective solutions require addressing issues related to policy, planning, implementation, and aligning education with tribal cultures and environments.
Coins of Gupta Period (Samudragupta & Chandragupta II)
The PPP is for the students of UG & PG not for my API and not even for the commercial purpose.
The *slide 50* of this PPP is wrongly typed the name *Samudragupta instead of Chandragupta II*. so kindly correct in your notes.
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B.A. (Hons.) 1st Sem. Syllabus- Political History of India (c. 600 BCE to 300...
B.A. (Hons.) 1st Sem. Syllabus- Political History of India (c. 600 BCE to 300...
Coins of Gupta Period (Samudragupta & Chandragupta II)
Coins of Gupta Period (Samudragupta & Chandragupta II)
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The document discusses the practice of burying remains in large urns that was prevalent in ancient Tamilakam. It also lists different types of megalithic monuments like menhirs, cists, and dolmens that have been found containing iron tools like swords, spears, and knives. Examples of places in South India where these megalithic sites have been discovered include Kodumanal, Pazhani, Adichanellur, and Marayoor.
Five landscape of ancient tamilnadu(kurinji , mullai, marutham, neythal, palai)
This document describes the six landscape types or regions found in ancient Tamil literature: Kurinji refers to hill regions; Mullai refers to jungle and forest areas; Marutham describes plain lands used for cultivation; Neithal indicates sea shore areas and coasts; Palai represents desert areas. The document provides a brief overview of the six landscape types of ancient Tamil literature.
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This is one of the slide which I prepared for teaching Megalithic monuments and period, which is a good source of information about the ancient Tamilakam.
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The document discusses India's system of government. It describes the division of powers between the union and state governments. Executive power lies with the President and the Council of Ministers, while the Parliament consists of the Lok Sabha and Rajya Sabha and exercises legislative powers. The parliamentary system was adopted from Britain. Bills pass through several readings in the two houses of Parliament before becoming law upon the President's approval.
Types, importance and uses of rocks in
This document discusses the types, importance, and uses of rocks in construction. It outlines three main types of rocks - igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic - and describes their formation processes. It then discusses specific rock types like granite, limestone, sandstone, and marble, outlining their common construction applications like buildings, monuments, and bridges. The document emphasizes the importance of understanding a rock's properties for determining appropriate construction uses and foundations. Proper geological analysis is important for engineering projects to be built safely and economically.
Types Of Rocks!
The document discusses the three main types of rocks: igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic. Igneous rocks form from cooling lava and can have large or small crystals depending on the cooling rate. Sedimentary rocks form from compressed sediments and contain fossils. Metamorphic rocks form from existing rocks undergoing heat and pressure, and can have banded or non-banded textures.
Rocks
Rocks are naturally occurring mixtures of minerals, mineraloids, glass or organic matter that are divided into three main types - igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic - based on how they were formed. Rocks are continually changed over time by various geological processes through the rock cycle, where one type of rock can be transformed into another through weathering, erosion, melting and other changes. The core, mantle and crust act as a recycling machine that redistributes rocks.
Socialization
Socialization is the lifelong process by which people learn the norms, values, behaviors, and social skills needed to function in their culture. It occurs through interactions with others and influences personality development from infancy through adulthood. The main socialization agents are family, education systems, peer groups, media, and religion. Socialization helps convert individuals into social beings by teaching them appropriate roles, skills, discipline, and how to interact with others. It allows people to learn from each other and adapt across their lifespan.
Globalization:pros and cons
Globalization is currently the most important factor shaping the global economy. While globalization has occurred in waves since the 1800s, the current phase is characterized by changes occurring more rapidly and having a greater impact than previous eras. Some key aspects of modern globalization include growing interdependence between all processes globally, the establishment of a unified global financial system, the role of information technologies in connecting the world, diminishing borders as nation-states take on changing functions, and the spread of democratic and socio-cultural values on a universal scale.
Types Of Rocks
Sedimentary rocks form from the compaction and cementation of sediments and sometimes contain fossils. Igneous rocks form from the cooling of magma, either underground as intrusive rocks with large crystals or above ground as extrusive rocks with small crystals. Metamorphic rocks form from the alteration of existing rocks by heat, pressure, or chemical changes and may contain interlocking crystals or foliation.
Globalisation slideshare
Globalization is a process that involves the worldwide integration of economies, technologies, and cultures. It began accelerating in the late 20th century due to advances in transportation and communication technology. While globalization has led to increased economic opportunities through expanded trade and investment, it has also contributed to cultural and economic homogenization. It has impacted systems of governance, urban development, labor markets, and gender norms around the world. Both supporters and critics of globalization make arguments around its effects on issues like sovereignty, inequality, and cultural diversity.
Globalization Presentation
Globalization refers to the increasing flow of goods, services, capital, people, information and ideas across national borders. It has led to nearly $23 trillion in annual imports and exports and influences many aspects of daily life through products from various countries. However, globalization also raises issues such as the use of sweatshops with poor working conditions and low pay as well as increasing global inequality between rich and poor nations. [END SUMMARY]
Globalization powerpoint
The document discusses globalization and how technology promotes it. Globalization is defined as the standardization of everyday life worldwide through the spread of ideas and commodities. Technology tools like social media, video chatting, and email allow people all over the world to communicate and share information instantly. This connectivity has opened up educational opportunities for students by giving them access to more in-depth global information. Places that used to seem distant can now be experienced virtually through technology with the click of a button.
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5 ancient tamilakam
- 2. പാചീന തമിഴകം പാചീന തമിഴകെതകുറിചുള വിവരങളുെട പധാന ോസാതസ് മഹാശിലാ സാരകങളും പഴനമിഴപാടുകളുമാണ്. മഹാശിലാസാരകങൾ നിർമികെപട കാലം മഹാശിലാ കാലഘടം എനറിയെപടുനു.
- 19. പഴനമിഴപാടുകളുെട സമാഹാരങൾ സംഘം കൃതികൾ എനറിയെപടുനു. പഴനമിഴപാടുകളുെട സമാഹാരങൾ സംഘം കൃതികൾ എനറിയെപടുനു.
- 22. Sangam literature Kapilar- he was a contemporary of Karikala chola Madurai Nakkeerar- he is renowned for his most famous work Thirumurukattuppadai.
- 23. Ancient Tamil religion The ancient Tamil literature consists of the great grammatical work Tolkappiyam,the ten anthologies Patthupattu,the eight anthologies Ettuttogai, the eighteen minor works Pathinenkeelkanaku and the five great epics, Silappadikaram, Manimegalai, Sivaga-Cindamani, Valayapathi and Kundalakesi.
- 31. പാോദശിക ചനകളും വിോദശ വാണിജയവും പാചീന തമിഴകത് നിലനിനിരുനു. പാോദശിക ചനകളും വിോദശ വാണിജയവും പാചീന തമിഴകത് നിലനിനിരുനു.
- 32. പാചീന തമിഴകെത സാമൂഹിക ജീവിതെത രൂപെപടുതുനതിൽ തിണകൾക് പധാന പങുണായിരുനു. പാചീന തമിഴകെത സാമൂഹിക ജീവിതെത രൂപെപടുതുനതിൽ തിണകൾക് പധാന പങുണായിരുനു.
- 38. ോചരർ ോചാളർ പാണയർ എനിവർ മൂോവനനാർ എനറിയെപടു. ോചരർ ോചാളർ പാണയർ എനിവർ മൂോവനനാർ എനറിയെപടു.
- 44. Prepared by Jeyanthy.R H S A (ss) GMMGHSS Palakkad.