Tinai concept
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The document discusses the social life in ancient Tamilakam, which was divided into different regions called Tinais based on landscape. There were five main Tinais: Kurinchi for hilly regions where people practiced shifting cultivation; Mullai for grasslands where cattle rearing was main occupation; Palai for desert regions with no specific occupation; Marutham for wetlands where cultivation was main job; and Neytal for coastal regions where fishing and salt preparation were occupations. Each Tinai was associated with different occupations and ways of life according to their landscape.
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The document discusses sources related to the Sangam Age in Tamil Nadu between 300 BCE - 300 CE. There were three main literary sources: Tirukkural, a collection of 1,330 proverbs; Ettuttogai, a collection of 2,282 poems divided into love and war themes; and Tolkappiyam, a treatise on grammar, nature, and human behavior. There were also four major epics that described stories of kings and heroes. Archaeological sources included megalithic burial stones, memorial hero stones with descriptions of fallen warriors, and ancient cave inscriptions with poetry, history, and information about cities and trade.
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Tamil land and people
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The physical features of india
The document summarizes the key physical features of India. It describes the six main physiographic divisions: 1) The Himalayan Mountains, which contain the highest peaks in the world like Everest; 2) The Northern Plains; 3) The Peninsular Plateau, divided into the Central Highlands and Deccan Plateau; 4) The Indian Desert; 5) The Coastal Plains along the eastern and western coasts; and 6) The Islands off the coasts. It provides details about the characteristics of each division, such as the three ranges that make up the Himalayas and the rivers that flow through the Northern Plains.
Physiography Division of India
The document discusses the results of a study on the effects of exercise on memory and thinking abilities in older adults. The study found that regular exercise can help reduce the decline in thinking abilities that often occurs with age. Older adults who exercised regularly performed better on cognitive tests and brain scans showed they had greater activity in important areas for memory and learning compared to less active peers.
Physical features of india
This document provides information about the physical features of India. It discusses the major landforms of India which were formed due to plate tectonics and geological events over time. The major physiographic divisions of India described are the Himalayan Mountains, Northern Plains, Peninsular Plateau, Indian Desert, Coastal Plains and Islands. Details are provided about the characteristics and formation of each region. The highest peaks of the Himalayas like Mount Everest are also mentioned along with the major river systems of India.
The physiographic features of india - By Jnanam Shah
The document summarizes the physiographic divisions of India. It discusses the Himalayan Mountains, which consist of the Greater Himalayas, Lesser Himalayas, and Shiwalik Ranges. The Himalayas are an important natural barrier and influence weather patterns. The Northern Plains are formed by the Indus, Ganga, and Brahmaputra river systems. The Peninsular Plateau includes the Central Highlands and Deccan Plateau. The Indian Desert is also briefly described.
ettuthokai எட்டுத்தொகை
cittaantarettinam Dr.S.Sundarabalu
Assistant Professor
Department of Linguistics
Bharathiar University
Coimbatore-46
India
Sunder_balu@yahoo.co.in
9715769995
Ancient tamilakam
This document discusses the Megalithic period in ancient Tamilakam. It notes that during this period, urn burials known as nannangadi were common, where the remains of the deceased would be placed in large urns. Various megalithic monuments like stone circles, dolmens, and menhirs were also constructed during this period. Artifacts found at these sites, like iron tools, pottery, and Roman coins, indicate that this was the Iron Age in South Indian history. The document lists some major archaeological sites in Tamil Nadu and Kerala where megalithic monuments have been discovered.
Physiographic divisions of india
The document summarizes the key geographical features of India. It describes how India is located on the Indian tectonic plate and was formed when it split from Gondwana land around 90 million years ago. It then collided with Asia 50-55 million years ago, forming the Himalayan mountain range. The document outlines India's seven main physiographic regions and describes several important mountain ranges that define India's northern borders, including the Himalayas, Karakoram, and Patkai ranges. It also discusses seasonal wind patterns and monsoon rains.
physical features of india class 9
This document provides information on India's physiographic divisions and underlying geological structures. It discusses six key physiographic divisions of India: 1) The Himalayas, 2) The Northern Plains, 3) The Peninsular Plateau, 4) The Indian Desert, 5) The Coastal Plains, and 6) The Islands. For each division, it provides details on their landforms, geology, and formation over time through various geological processes. It also includes one word answers and short answer questions related to India's physiography.
Tcm five landscapes
TCM - Traditional Chinese Medicine based on TAO philosophy had given the world 'Acupuncture' and Moxibustion which are challenging Non Invasive Energy Balancing methods, and a huge ratio of the total world population (including the advanced countries) is enjoying the benefits of this treatment. At this juncture I would share the idea that this Traditional Wisdom was present in the Sangam Literature of the South of India.
In application of this Landscape Idea (the Geographical depths of the meridians in TCM), All the experts can gain more protocols for the future treatments - I have pleasure in sharing my experiences which had given me a bigger family of my treated clients.
Eco resorts-Indian Context
In general, ecotourism is an insightful, mindful and participatory travel experience to natural and cultural and social environments, assisting the well-being of the local cultures and environments for future generations.
To simplify the term, Ecotourism can be defined in terms of
-environment and
-culture
-orientated travel.
The overall layout of the ecolodge and associated development must reflect the dual purpose of creating an ambient and attractive environment for the visitor as well as protecting the natural features of the site.
To achieve this standard the proponent must demonstrate that some of the following conditions have been created:
Visitor experience and ambience.
Views within the site and to the surrounding landscape have been maximized Adequate shade is provided by the use of vegetation and facility orientation Local winds are funneled for natural ventilation
Individual accommodation units have adequate privacy
Movement around the site and connecting of the various facilities is efficient Environmental Protection.
All special features on the site are protected.
Only essential facilities are constructed adjacent to the beach and other focal points on the site.
The overall footprint of the constructed buildings are kept to a minimum
Physiography of india
The document discusses the physiography and physical geography of India. It divides India into several physiographic divisions: the Northern and Northeastern Mountains (the Himalayas), the Northern Plain, the Peninsular Plateau, the Indian Desert, and the Coastal Plains. It provides detailed descriptions of each division, including the mountain ranges, rivers, vegetation, and other features of each region.
Physical features of india
India has a variety of physical features due to its formation from different geological periods and the movement of tectonic plates. The major physical divisions of India are the Himalayan Mountains, Northern Plains, Peninsular Plateau, Indian Desert, Coastal Plains, and Islands. The Himalayas were formed by the collision of the Indian plate with Eurasia, and include India's highest peaks. The Northern Plains were formed by deposition of sediment from Himalayan rivers. The Peninsular Plateau is one of Earth's oldest landmasses.
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Tinai concept
- 4. WHAT IS SOCIAL LIFE Life style of people. The way of living, occupation, culture and all included in social life. language also included in social life.
- 5. Social Life In Ancient Tamilakam Social life associated with division of land. The division of land called Tinai. Each tinais associated with particular landscape. There are five Tinais in ancient Tamilakam. Tinais are Kurinchi, Mullai, Palai, Marutham, And Neytal.
- 6. FIVE TINAIS
- 7. KURINCHI Hilly or mountain region. Practiced shifting cultivation. Cultivated pepper and other spices. Teak, bamboo, millet cultivated. Engaged in hunting and collecting forest resources.
- 8. MULLAI The grass land or forest land Cattle rearing was main occupation. They practiced Vetchi, that is in order to increase the cattle wealth the seized cattles from others. Honey collection.
- 9. PALAI Dry land. The desert region. There is no specific occupation. They chiefly engaged in stealing cattle. Practiced robbery.
- 10. MARUTHAM Wet land or crop land. Cultivation is the main job. Mainly cultivated rice and sugarcane. Evidence for usage of iron from ploughshare.
- 11. NEYTAL Coastal region or seashore. Fishing and salt preparation was main occupation Evidence for saltpans. Engaged in trade.
- 12. SALTPAN
- 14. THANK YOU