Climate change, price volatility, and food security: Perspective from Southeast Asia

“ CLIMATE CHANGE, PRICE VOLATILITY, AND FOOD SECURITY : PERSPECTIVE FROM SOUTHEAST ASIA “ By : Dr. Bayu Krisnamurti Vice Minister of Agriculture of Indonesia Jakarta, 20 April 2011

I. BACKGROUND

All kind of natural resources and water, processed and unprocessed, as meal or drink for human consumption include food additives, raw material and other substances used in the preparation, processing, and/or food and drink production (Law No. 7/1996 on Food) Energy and Vitamin/Mineral Sources in fulfillment to achieve Smart, Active and Healthy Life FOOD

FOOD DEFINITION
People’s basic needs, its fulfillment is part of the human rights
Food is a culture which is the result of adaptation between human and environment
As a basic component in order to realize high quality of human resources
Main pillar in the national development, plays an important role in economic, social and political stability

The rise and fluctuation of high fuel prices affect food and agricultural demand
Global climate change phenomenon causes such problems :
Inadequacy of food stocks and production
Instability in Global food supply and demand
Volatility in international price of foods
The hike of global food demand due to the increase of world population, especially of poor countries in Asia-Pasific regions
GLOBAL FOOD PROBLEMS

Food price volatility in international market and global economic and financial crisis have impacts on national food price and market
The tendency of each country policy to prelude its domestic food security makes increasing uncertainty in international food market
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High in population growth rate (1,49%/ yr in peri od 2000-2010)
Escalating and uncontrolled agricultural land conversion
Inadequate agricultural and rural infrastructures
The increase in competition of water resources utilization
High dependency on rice consumption in food consumption pattern (percapita consumption is 139,15 kg/yr)
Inadequate transportation facilities and infrastructures create inefficiency and high cost economy in food marketing/distribution
NATIONAL FOOD PROBLEMS

II. FOOD SECURITY POLICY

Achievement of Self-Sufficiency and Sustainable Self-Sufficiency
Sustainable self-sufficiency for rice and corn
Self-sufficiency for soybean, sugar and beef
2. Promotion of food diversification
3. Development of value added, competitiveness of agricultural exports
4. Achievement of farmers’ welfare
(4) FOUR KEY SUCCESS INDICATORS

7 (SEVEN) DECREES OF REVITALIZATION 1 . Revitalization on Land 2. Revitalization on Seeds and Seedlings 3. Revitalization of Infrastructure and Facilities 4. Revitalization of Human Resources 5. Revitalization of Farmer Financing 6. Revitalization of Farmer Institution 7. Revitalization of Technology and Downstream Industry STRATEGY

Expanding cropping area through the usage of sub-optimal land and increasing the cropping index (CI) on irrigated land and other potential areas
Mobilizing field officers and other skilled human resources to observe the extent of pest and plant disease and also secure the crops from this attack
Increasing the effectiveness of the extension system and the dissemination of information
Strengthening farmer institutions and the quality of agriculture human resources to anticipate and adapt the effect of climate change
Developing and rehabilitating the facilities and infrastructure of agriculture and rural area to increase the capability of water and land sustainable management
ANTICIPATING THE IMPACT OF GLOBAL CLIMATE CHANGE

Providing harvest and post-harvest handling equipment to increase product quality and to prevent loss
Developing private and farmer capacity in proving post-harvest facilities to maintain self-life and quality of agricultural product
Increasing the capacity of national research and development in order to produce seeds and seedlings, as well as cultivation technology which is well-adapted towards extreme climate change
Developing the agriculture assurance system to compensate farmer losses due to crop failure
Establishing community, local and national food reserve
Accelerating food (consumption) diversification based on local sources
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NATIONAL FOOD SECURITY POLICY CONCERNING WITH THE IMPACT OF GLOBAL CLIMATE CHANGE AND FOOD SCARCITY
Policy and technology advancement in minimizing the competition of food-feed-biofuel development
Establishment of Social Security Network Program ( J aringan P engaman S osial, JPS ) for the poor
Open, transparent and fair global trade
Development of regional and global food reserves (especially for grains)
Investment and incentive policies in supporting small-scale farmers
Agricultural investment policy in adapting and mitigating climate change
Monitoring and evaluating global food condition in order to prevent food supply and price volatility

Thank You

Climate change, price volatility, and food security: Perspective from Southeast Asia

by International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI)

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