Teoria del futuro

1. Grammar for 1st Bto Future Tenses
EL FUTURO EN INGLÉS
WILL / SHALL
Jan and Mike want to go to Eurodisney. They're
Will, won't, shall, shan't trying to decide when to go.
PARA SIMPLES PREDICCIONES Mike: I think it'll be better in October. The
hotels will be cheaper then. There won't be as
many people. In July we'll probably have to
• Usamos will or won 't cuando hacemos queue for hours to go on the rides. We shan't
simples predicciones sobre acciones o have time to see everything.
situaciones futuras. Jan: Yes, but the weather won't be as good in
October. It'll probably rain all the time, and it'll
The hotels will be cheaper in October. be cold. We'll have to take winter clothes.
But the weather won ''t be as good.
• Después de “I / we”, podemos usar will o shall en oraciones afirmativas. Pero normalmente
usamos las contracciones (I'll, we'll).
We 'II have to take winter clothes. (= We shall have to/We will have to)
En oraciones negativas, después de I y we, podemos usar won't or shan 't. Won't es más
común.
We won't have time to see everything. = We shan't have time to see everything.
• Con frecuencia usamos I (don't) think, I (don 't) expect, I'm sure, I'm afraid and probably,
definitely, perhaps, etc. con will y won't.
I think it'll be better. We 'II probably have to queue for hours.
Shall I?/Shall we?
PARA OFRECIMIENTOS Y SUGERENCIAS
Mike: So, what shall we do? • En oraciones interrogativas, utilizamos Shall I/Shall we
Shall we go in October? (y no will) cuando hacemos sugerencias u ofrecimientos:
Jan: No, let's go in July. I
know it'll be more Crowded Shall we go in October? Shall I book the tickets?
then, but I'm sure the weather
will be better. • y cuando pedimos a alguien que sugiera algo.
Mike: OK. Shall I book the
tickets? What shall we do?
Departamento de Inglés José Antonio Romero Tena
IES Alguadaira I

2. Grammar for 1st Bto Future Tenses
Will
PARA DECISIONES ESPONTÁNEAS
• Podemos usar will/won't cuando hablamos de algo Jan and Mike are now at Eurodisney.
que decidimos hacer o no hacer espontáneamente en Jan's trying to persuade Mike to go on
el momento en que estamos hablando. the Big Thunder Mountain ride, but Mike
won't go. He's sure the ride will make
I'll sit next to you. We'll have a drink at the Last him sick.
Chance Cafe. Jan: Come on! You'll be all right. I'll sit
next to you. I'll hold your hand, I
• Utilizamos will para hacer una petición. promise!
Mike: No, I've told you. I won't come.
Will you hold my camera? Will you take a photo of I'll just sit here and watch.
me? Jan: Oh, OK. Will you hold my camera?
Will you take a photo of me?
• Usamos won't cuando rechazamos hacer algo. Mike: Yes, sure.
Jan: And afterwards we'll have a drink at
I won't come. Mike won't go on the Big Thunder the Last Chance Cafe, and I'll
Mountain ride. tell you all about it.
GOING TO
PLANES / INTENCIONES
PARA EL FUTURO
Joe: Hi! What are you going • Utilizamos be going to + infinitivo (y no will) para
to do today? hablar de acciones futuras sobre las que hemos tomado
Daniel: I'm going to go for a una decisión.
bike ride.
Joe: Where are you going to I'm going to go for a bike ride (Tomó esta decisión
go? antes de llamar.)
Daniel: Prince Town. I was What are you going to do? (=¿qué planes tienes?)
going to ride to Bovey, but it's
too far. • Utilizamos was/were going to + infinitivo para hablar
Joe: I'll come with you, if you de intenciones o planes que teníamos en el pasado
like, and I'll bring some (pero ahora los hemos cambiado).
sandwiches.
I was going to ride to Bovey, but (Era su intención el
pasado pero ya no lo es.)
• Observa que utilizamos will (NO going to) cuando decidimos hacer algo en el momento en
que hablamos. (véase el apartado anterior.)
I'll come with you, if you like (Joe no se había planteado esto antes de la llamada.)
Departamento de Inglés José Antonio Romero Tena
IES Alguadaira II

3. Grammar for 1st Bto Future Tenses
PREDICCIÓNES:
will or going to?
• Normalmente usamos will/won't para predicciones Daniel's looking at the weather
producto de la imaginación, adivinanzas o forecast in the newspaper. 'It will be
suposiciones subjetivas. (como ya hemos visto antes.) fine at first, but rain will spread from
Rain will spread from the west It won't be much fun the west to all areas by late morning.
The westerly wind will become fresh to
• Pero usamos going to (NO will) para predicciones strong. The temperature will fall to 8°
basadas en datos o circunstancias presentes que nos this afternoon.' Now he's phoning Joe.
inducen a hacer una hipótesis. It's going to rain It's Daniel: The weather forecast's awful.
going to be very windy (La predicción mereológica It's going to rain and it's going to
que está mirando así lo manifiesta.) be very windy. It won't be much fun on
the road.
Joe: Well, what shall we do?
Daniel: Eat our sandwiches in the
kitchen, I suppose!
FUTURE CONTINUOUS
What does the forecast tell Daniel about this afternoon's temperature?
It's Saturday morning. Andy's phoning Anna to ask if she's free this evening.
Andy: I could come round at about 7.30.
Anna: No. sorry. I'll be playing volleyball at 7.30. My match starts at 7.15.
Andy: How about 9 o'clock?
Anna: No, I'll be having a swim then. after the match.
Andy: Ah, OK, I understand. Will you be seeing Alison today?
Anna: Yes, I'll be seeing her at lunchtime. She always eats at the same pub as me on
Saturdays. Why?
Andy: Can you ask her if she's free this evening?
Anna: She won't be going out this evening. She'll be watching the football on television
Formas y usos del Futuro Continuo
Subject + will/won't + be + -ing form of the verb
Affirmative: I'll be playing volleyball.
Negative: She won't be going out.
Question: Will you be going out?
• Utilizamos el Futuro Continuo (will be/won't be + -ing) que algo estará en proceso en un
cierto momento del futuro.
/'// be playing volleyball at 7.30. (Estará en mitad del partido.)
I'll be having a swim at 9 o 'clock. (A las 9 ya Anna llevaría un tiempo en la piscina.)
Departamento de Inglés José Antonio Romero Tena
IES Alguadaira III

4. Grammar for 1st Bto Future Tenses
• También usamos el Futuro Continuo para hablar de cosas que sucederán
a) porque son parte de una rutina:
/'// be seeing her at lunchtime. She always eats at the same pub as me on Saturdays.
(Anna siempre ve a Alison los sábados a la hora del almuerzo.)
b) porque han sido planificadas:
She'll be watching the football on television.
(Alison ya decidió ver el partido de futbol hace tiempo.)
Nota: También podríamos usar el Presente Continuo en b).
She's watching the football on television this evening.
Nota: Podemos usar el Futuro Continuo para preguntarle a alguien sus planes sobre el futuro
porque queremos que hagan algo.
Will you be seeing Alison today? (Andy hace esta pregunta porque quiere que Anna le de a
Alison un mensaje.)
Answer the questions.
Formas y usos del Futuro Perfecto
Subject + will/won 't + have + past participle of the verb
Affirmative: I’ll have finished.
Negative: He won't have eaten. Andy's now phoning Fiona to ask if
Question: Will you have finished? she's free this evening.
Fiona: I'm sorry, Andy. I've got a
• Usamos el Futuro Perfecto (will have/won't have + lot of college work to do.
past participle) para hablar sobre algo que no ha Andy: What time will you have
sucedido aun, pero que será realizado o no antes de un finished?
cierto tiempo en el futuro. Fiona: I'll have finished my work
I'll have finished my work by 9. (para las 9 = no más by 9, but my uncle will have
tarde de las 9) arrived by then. He's just come over
He won 't have eaten when he arrives. from Australia. He won't have eaten
when he arrives, so we'll be having
a late dinner. Sorry.
Otros usos del Futuro Continuo y el Futuro Perfecto
Andy's still trying to arrange • Podemos utilizar el futuro Continuo o el
something for this evening. Futuro Perfecto (y el Futuro simple) para hablar
Andy: I think I'll phone Lucy. sobre el presente. Los utilizamos cuando
Friend: Don't phone her now, Andy. creemos que algo es probable que ocurra en ese
Andy: Why not? She won't be in bed. momento o posiblemente ha sucedido
She'll have got up by now. recientemente.
Friend: I know, but it's Saturday She'll be doing the shopping now. (future
morning. She'll be doing the shopping continuous)
now. She won't have got home yet. She'll have got up by now. (future perfect)
She won't be in bed. (simple future)
Departamento de Inglés José Antonio Romero Tena
IES Alguadaira IV