This document covers key learning objectives and concepts around human nutrition, including: - Understanding nutritional needs for energy, structure, and regulation. - Recognizing important nutrients like carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, vitamins, minerals, and water along with their main functions. - Analyzing different diet types such as the Mediterranean diet. - Identifying healthy eating habits and food labeling information.

1. Learning objectives:
• Understand the nutritional needs.
• Recognise the main nutrients and their function in the human body.
• Analyse and compare different types of diet.
• Recognise healthy eating habits.
• Identify the main disorders caused by inadequate nutrition.

2. Nutrients
Organic
nutrients
Carbohydrate
s
Simple
carboh
ydrates
or
sugars
Comple
x
carbohy
drates
Lipids
Fats
Saturat
ed
Unsaturated
Membra
ne lipids
Lipids with
regulatory
functions
Proteins Vitami
ns
Fat soluble (A, D,
E, K)
Water
soluble
Inorganic
nutrients
Mineral
salts
Water

3. (sacarosa)
Function: to provide energy in the short term

4. Starch (almidón)
Function: to provide energy in the long term

5. Function: to provide energy

6. Unsaturated fats
Function: to provide energy

8. Function of proteins
•to form structures
• to transport oxygen (haemoglobin)
• to regulate biological responses
• to form antibodies (body defence)

9. Vitamins
Fat
soluble
A D E K
Water
soluble
Bs C

10. Mineral salts
They have different functions.
We need large amounts of Mg, K, Ca, Na
We need minimal amounts of Fe, Zn, Cu and I.

11. Water
 It allows us to carry out our own metabolic reactions.
 It regulates body temperature.
 It serves as a medium for transporting subtances.
Water is the universal solvent:

12. 2. Nutritional Needs
Nutritional
Needs
Structural
•Proteins
Providing energy
•Lipids
•Carbohydrates
Regulatory
•Vitamins
•Mineral Salts

14. Mediterranean diet
It is based on:
-Olive oil
-Cereals
-Pulses
-Fish
-Vegetables and fruits

15. 4. Food consumption
Food additives
They are natural or artificial substances that are added to foods
for various purposes:
• preservatives (conservantes)
• colourings
• flavour enhancers (potenciadores del sabor)
• stabilisers
• antioxidants
• sweeteners (edulcorantes)

16. Difference between best-before and use-by date
Best-before (“consumir preferentemente antes de”): This ensures that
the food retains all its nutritional features.
Use-by date (“fecha de caducidad”): After this date,
consumption of the food may be harmful.

17. 1. Look at your food label and write down on your notebook
what pieces of information are included.
Name of product: Cheetos crunchy
Product amount: 280 g
List of ingredients
Instructions for use or cooking
Nutrition Facts
Special storage conditions
…
2. Find out about the additives.
Write them down and indicate
what type of additive theyare.
Artificial flavour  flavour enhancer
Monosodium glutamate  flavour enhancer
Citric acid  preservative
…
3.Check if yourproducthas a
best-beforeora use-by date.
If you do notfind it,guess it.
use-by date
ON YOURNOTEBOOK
INPAIRS-BOOK page 35