Subtopics: Energy -Calorie Nutrients -Groups of Nutrients -Proteins, Carbohydrates, Fats, Vitamins, Minerals, Water A balanced diet Food labels

1. LESSON 1 -
NUTRITION
Prepared and Presented by: Lerma P. Pendon
Grade 7 Biology

2. Why do we eat?

3. WHY DO WE
EAT?
• We eat food because we
are hungry.

4. WHY DO WE
EAT?
• We need energy for
activity, growth, and all
functions of the body such
as breathing, digesting
food and keeping warm.

5. WHY DO WE
EAT?
• We need nutrients for
the growth and repair
of the body, and for
keeping the immune
system healthy.

6. ENERGY
• Energy is defined as the capacity to do work.
Through the process of digestion, we convert
the food we eat to energy. This food energy is
calculated as Calories (Cal).
• Calorie is the amount of heat energy needed
to raise the temperature of 1 Kg (1 Liter) of
water by 1°C.
FOOD ENERGY CALORIE

7. NUTRIENTS
• Food is made of nutrients.
• Nutrients are compounds in foods essential
to life and health, providing us with energy,
the building blocks for repair and growth,
and substances necessary to regulate
chemical processes.

8. 6 GROUP OF NUTRIENTS
1. Proteins
2.
Carbohydrates
3. Fats
4. Vitamins 5. Minerals 6. Water

9. Proteins
• A protein is a large molecule that is made of amino
acids and contains carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen,
and sometimes, sulfur.
• Proteins have many functions such as:
- relaying signals between cells
- protecting against disease
- providing support to cells
- speeding up chemical reactions
• Amino acids are molecules that combine to form
proteins.

10. Sources of
Proteins

11. Carbohydrates
• Carbohydrates are molecules made of
carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen atoms,
and are usually the body’s major source
of energy.
• Carbohydrates are commonly in one of
three forms – starches, sugars, or
fibers.

12. Good Source
of
Carbohydrates

13. Fats
• Fats are also called lipids.
• Fats or lipids provide energy and help
your body absorb vitamins.
• Fats or lipids are a major part of cell
membranes.
• Body fats help to insulate against cold
temperatures.

14. Good
Sources of
Fat

15. Vitamins
• Vitamins are nutrients that
are needed in small
amounts.
• Vitamins are needed for
growth, regulation of body
functions, and prevention of
some diseases.

16. 2 Types of
Vitamins

19. Minerals
•
•

21. Water
• Water (chemical formula H2O) is an inorganic,
transparent, tasteless, odorless, and nearly colorless,
chemical substance.
• Up to 60% of the human adult body is water.
• Our body takes in water when we eat or drink.
• We lose water when we sweat, urinate, speak, breathe.
• When water is not replaced, you might become
dehydrated.
• Symptoms of dehydration include thirst, headache,
weakness, dizziness, and little or no urination.

22. A BALANCED
DIET
• A balanced diet includes
carbohydrates, proteins, fats,
vitamins, minerals, and water.
• A balanced diet contains
differing kinds of foods in certain
quantities and proportions.

24. FOOD LABELS
• Food labels help you
determine the amount
of protein,
carbohydrates, fats,
and other substances
in food.
• A food label lists a
food’s nutrients per
serving, not per
container.