Summary Presentation On Theories Of Interpersonal Communication

THEORIES OF INTERPERSONAL COMMUNICATION An Introductory Summary

Symbolic Interactionism
Humans act toward people or things on basis of meanings they assign to those people or things;
Meaning is formed through social interaction & language;
Self combines impulsive “I” and reflexive “me;”
The “looking glass” Self learns to see itself as others (“generalized other”) see it, by “taking on the role of the other,” interacting with others on the basis of that perception, perhaps provoking responses that fit expectations (“self-fulfilling prophecy”).

Coordinated Management of Meaning
Main focus: people who disagree can live together in relative harmony
Quality of life is directly related to quality of communication
Persons-in-conversation co-construct their own social realities and are simultaneously shaped by the worlds they create
Change communication = change quality of life: this is the “proof” offered by CMM

Expectancy Violations Theory
Has to do with sense of personal space (both literal and metaphoric) and preferred distance from others;
Asks what happens when other people violate our expectations about personal space
Postulates that the consequences can be perceived positively or negatively

Interpersonal Deception Theory
Deception-detection is an interactive (co-constructed) activity, not individual
Inter-actants constantly adjust their behavior to each other
Detection of deception may focus on characteristics of the message, or the behavior of the deceiver
Deceiver is protected, partially, by partner’s truth-bias

Constructivism
We make sense of the world through personal constructs , i.e. contrasting features we use to define the character of another person.
Some people use more complex constructs than others
Such cognitive complexity is a necessary but not sufficient condition for person-centered communication

Social Penetration Theory
Closeness develops if people proceed in gradual and orderly fashion from superficial to more intimate levels of exchange
Personality is conceived as a multi-layered onion with public self on the outer layer and private self at the core
Closeness is achieved through reciprocal self-disclosure, that is both broad and deep.

Uncertainty Reduction Theory
New relationships involve uncertainty; communication reduces uncertainty
Motivation to reduce uncertainty increases under specified circumstances, and involves identifiable strategies

Relational Dialectics
Intimate relationships are organized around the dynamic interplay of opposing tendencies.
Especially, tensions exist between needs for intimacy and needs for independence
Closeness, certainty, openness need to be balanced against autonomy, novelty and privacy

Interactional View
Family members are components of a family system;
Systemic factors are more important than personality traits and motives in understanding family communication;
Focus of the theory is on individual behavior affects the functioning of the system

Summary Presentation On Theories Of Interpersonal Communication

by Arun Jacob

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