The document discusses various reading strategies and skills. It defines reading as a complex cognitive process of decoding symbols to derive meaning. Effective reading requires practice and engagement with texts to understand opinions and apply learning. Key reading strategies discussed include skimming, scanning, implied meaning, inference, critical reading, and intensive vs extensive reading. Skimming allows gathering the main ideas quickly while scanning focuses on finding specific information rapidly.

1. Effective ReadingEffective Reading
BSCS 2nd
semester
By
Shafqat Ullah Khan

2. What is Reading?What is Reading?
• Is a complex cognitive process of decoding
symbols in order to construct or to derive the
meanings.
• It requires continuous practice, development and
refinement.
• Readers may use morpheme(smallest unit of
meaning), syntax, semantic(word meaning) and
context clues to identify the meanings of
unknown words.

3. Effective readingEffective reading
Effective reading means engaging with texts,
forming links, understanding opinions and
research so you can apply what you learn.

4. Reading StrategiesReading Strategies
Skimming
Scanning
Implied menaning
Inference
Reading between the lines
Critical reading
Extensive vs intensive reading

5. Reading ComprehensionReading Comprehension
SkillsSkills
Skimming and Scanning

6. Skimming and scanning are very
rapid reading methods in which
you glance at a passage to find
specific information. These
reading methods make it easier
for you to grasp large amounts
of material, especially when
you're previewing. They are also
useful when you don't need to
know every word.
Skimming and scanning are especially valuable when there is
only one item of information that you need to find from a
particular passage.

7. Skimming is used to quickly gather the most important
information or ‘gist’. It’s not essential to understand each
word when you are skimming.
Run your eyes over the text, noting important information.
Use skimming to quickly get up to speed on a current business
situation.

8. Examples of Skimming:Examples of Skimming:
The Newspaper – to quickly get the
general news of the day
Magazines – to quickly discover which
articles you would like to read in more detail
Business and Travel Brochures – to
quickly get informed

9. How to Skim?How to Skim?
Working quickly…
1. Read the title if there is one.
2. Read the introduction or the first paragraph if there is one.
3. Read the first sentence of every other paragraph.
4. Notice any pictures, charts, or graphs.
5. Notice any italicized or boldface words or phrases.
6. Read the summary or last paragraph if there is one.

10. Skim and scan thisSkim and scan this paragraphparagraph in 30 secondsin 30 seconds
When you skim and scan, you need to cover
everything, even titles, subtitles, side
features, and visuals. That bit of information
you need may not be tidily packaged in a
paragraph, so you need to check the entire
page--not just the main body of the text, there
are also many visual clues that help you to find
information. Heads and subheads break up the
text and identify the content of each part.
Where key terms are introduced and defined,
they appear in boldface type. Graphs and
charts have titles and/or captions that tell you
what they are about. These clues will help you
to find information. . . but only if you use
them.

11. In other words, when you are skimmingIn other words, when you are skimming
and scanning…and scanning…
1. Cover everything
2. Check entire page
3. Notice visual clues
4. Notice graphs, charts, titles,
captions

12. Examples of Scanning:
 A google search list on the internet.
 A bus / airplane schedule
 A conference guide
 A graph
Scanning is a reading technique to be used when you want
to find specific information quickly. In scanning you have a
question in your mind and you read a passage only to find
the answer, ignoring unrelated information.

13. How to scanHow to scan
1. State the specific information you are looking for.
1. Try to anticipate(to expect sth) how the answer will
appear and what clues you might use to help you locate
the answer. For example, if you were looking for a
certain date, you would quickly read the paragraph
looking only for numbers.
1. Use headings and any other aids that will help you
identify which sections might contain the information you
are looking for.
1. Selectively read and skip through sections of the passage.

14. Scanning PracticeScanning Practice
Here is some information you are looking for
on the BC Hydro website.
Read the questions and then on the next slide ,
find the answers, as quickly as possible:
1. Who is handling inquiries?
2. What is the after hours media line?
3. What is a good example of BC Hydro Clean
Energy Project?

16. Scanning answersScanning answersRemember it’s important to quickly find the information you need. You don’t need to understand every word, orRemember it’s important to quickly find the information you need. You don’t need to understand every word, or
read every word. Your eyes should quickly scan the document for the information you seek.read every word. Your eyes should quickly scan the document for the information you seek.

17. ConclusionConclusion
Skimming and scanning is used when reading all
types of documents.
We skim to get the idea of what a document is
about and typically skim all documents before we
actually begin to read.
As we skim, we…
think about the topic
think about what we already know about the topic
start to guess or anticipate the details we are going
to read about.
We scan for specific information.
We work quickly when we skim and scan.

18. Implied IdeaImplied Idea
When an idea is suggested but not stated
outright(compte

19. Reading between the linesReading between the lines
A technique in which you try to
understand the hidden meanings of
spoken or written text.

20. Critical ReadingCritical Reading
In critical reading, a reader implies
certain processes, models, questions and
theories that result in enhanced clarity
and comprehension.

21. Intensive vs Extensive ReadingIntensive vs Extensive Reading
Intensive Reading
Involves learner reading in detail with
specific learning objectives and tasks
Extensive reading
It involves learner reading text for
enjoyments and to develop general reading
skills.

22. Intensive vs extensive readingIntensive vs extensive reading
(cont…)(cont…)
Basic three differences
In terms of lengths
Learner activity in class
General understanding

23. SummarySummary
.