Test of Visual acuity, distance and near vision - prepared for post graduate students and rehab workers to conduct the assessments easily

1. Test of Visual Acquity
Distance vision, Near vision
Nusrat Zerin
Assistant Professor
Proyash Institute of Special Education and Research
Bangladesh University of Professionals (BUP)
Dhaka Cantonment
Dhaka, Bangladesh

2. • Visual Acuity:
It is a number that indicates the
sharpness or clarity of vision.
A visual acuity measurement of
20/70 means –
a person with 20/70 vision who is
20 feet from an eye chart sees
what a person with unimpaired (or
20/20) vision can see from 70 feet
away. (after all possible solution
and treatment)
6/60means – can read 60 size font
from 6 meters)

3. Visual Acuity:

4. Visual Acuity testing:
1. Need- E chart, measurement tape, torch
2. Select a place or room which has adequate light & less
glare or reflection of light
3. Avoid extra lights
4. Avoid light from behind of the place where the E chart will
be placed or shown
5. Mark the distance with measurement tape (6 meters) (1
meter=39 inches)
6. Orient the child with the chart & give instruction to
indicate the open side of E or which side the legs of ‘E’ are
open. The child can show it with hand movement.
7. Stand in front of the child & place E chart at the level of
the child’s eye at 6 meter distance (child can be seated on
a chair or standing)

5. Visual Acuity testing:…………2
7. Ask the child to cover left eye with his/her
palm
8. Show the big E and ask the direction of the
open legs of E
9. If it is ok then ask him to show direction of the
next small E. If it is wrong answer, repeat to
show the E in several Direction. If it wrong
3 times and record the distance and the font size of the E for Right eye:
10. If the Child can not see the Big E, reduce the distance to 3 meters.
11. Then show Big E again and ask to indicate the direction. Repeat the
process. And Record the Visual Acuity.
Right Eye: 6/36

6. Visual Acuity testing:…………3
7. Ask the child to cover left eye with his/her palm
8. Show the big E and ask the direction of the open legs of E
9. If it is ok then ask him to show direction of the next small E.
If it is wrong answer, repeat to show the E in several
Direction. If it wrong 3 times and record the distance and
the font size of the E for Right eye:
10. If the Child can not see the Big E 3 times, reduce the
distance to 3 meters.
11. Then show Big E again and ask to indicate the direction.
Repeat the process. And Record the Visual Acuity.
Right Eye: 6/60
Right Eye: 3/36

7. Visual Acuity testing:…………4
12. If the child can not see the big E from 3 meters 3 times,
reduce the distance to 1 ½ meter and repeat the process and
record acuity.
13.If the child can not see the big E 3 times then stand in front
of the child at 40 centimeter distance and ask to count your
fingers & record the visual acuity :
14. If child can not count fingers 3 times, move your hand in
different directions in front of the child’s eye. If he can see
record Visual acuity:
Right Eye: Finger counting (FC)
Right Eye: 1 ½ /36
Right Eye: Hand movement (HM)

8. Visual Acuity testing:…………5
15. If the child can not see hand movement 3 times put torch light
to the eye from different directions to the eye, ask if he/she can
see any light and if he/she can show the direction. If the
response is yes, then record acuity:
If 3 times the child can not say rightly, the record will be No light
Perception (NLP).
Now complete the process with Left eye, (covering the right eye
with palm)
record Visual acuity measurement process in left eye: like-
Right
Eye:
Light perception (can indicate the
direction of the light )
Right Eye: Hand movement Left Eye 1 ½ /60
Right Eye: No Light perception (NLP) / NPL

9. Visual Acuity testing:…………7
This is primary identification. Please refer the child to an eye
ophthalmologist / optometrist/ recreationist if you find any problem with
the child for proper treatment/correction or certification.

10. Near visual acuity:
• Check near visual acuity. Have the
examinee read a card held
apprx. 14 inches (35.6 cm)
away, at a normal reading distance.
• Use bright lighting during this test.
• Decreased near visual acuity may
be caused by central cataracts or
presbyopia, after age 40

11. • Visual Field:
Visual field is the total area an individual can
see without moving the eyes from side to side
(in between 180 degree or 170 degree (on
average)

12. Visual Field testing:
1. Stand in front of the child and ask him to see directly
2. Then ask him to expand him hands to one side parallel to thee
body (right hand)
3. Ask him to move only fingers and gradually move the fingers and
hand at the front side, he can not move his eye ball of the right
eye, he has to see at the front only
4. Ask him to stop moving the hand from where he can not see the
fingers
5. Record the visual field:
Visual field Right eye= 5 degree less than 90 degree
6. Repeat with Left eye and record visual field
7. Then calculate the both eyes total field and complete the visual
field calculation.
8. If it is less than 10 degree the child will be treated as low vision.

13. Thanks