1. Linking CCA and DRR
Markos 1

2.  Introduction
 Similarities of DRR and CCA
 Differences of DRR and CCA
 Need to collaboration
Markos 2

3.  Global environmental change and natural hazards
not beyond our control, nor are their impacts
 Sustainable development necessary to reduce
vulnerability – development not always
sustainable
 Responding to climate change requires
understanding how to manage risk: lessons from
disaster risk reduction community (practitioners,
experts)
 Uncertainty about future change is not a limitation
– most risk is caused by our exposure and
sensitivity to a hazard, not the hazard itself
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4.  Mitigation: Measures aimed at reducing the level
of emission of carbon substances into the
atmosphere
Markos 4

5.  Process of adjusting to
a changing climate,
through explicit and
planned interventions,
or spontaneously as a
consequence of
inherent flexibility
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6.  Interventions, approaches and policy frameworks to
avoid or minimise hazard impacts on societies and
environment, focusing on reducing vulnerability to
hazards
 Expanded beyond ‘risk management’ to incorporate
lessons into planning: focus on reducing risk, rather
than only on reconstructing the previous conditions
(‘disaster accumulation’)
Markos 6

7.  Disaster risk reduction: The broad development
and application of policies, strategies and
practices to minimize vulnerabilities and disaster
risks throughout society, through prevention,
mitigation and preparedness.
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8. Similarities
 CCA is about reducing vulnerability to climate
hazards; DRR is about reducing vulnerability
to all hazards.
Note: Both emphasis on vulnerability reduction
 Both are long-term processes and are not
‘quick-fix’ approaches
Markos 8

9.  Development lies at the heart of both DRR and
CCA
 Both approaches have a strong emphasis of
working at community level to build resilience
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10.  Different actors and lack of communication
 Adaptation can be a response to positive
changes; DRR always a response to negative
events
 DRR local issue, whereas climate change is
a regional and global issue. This implies
differences in levels of intervention,
responsibility, impact and relevance
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11.  Climate change seen as abstract, disasters
seen as real. Most people cannot
conceptualise climate change, but have
experienced or witnessed at least one
disaster
 Uncertainty in climate change impacts
makes understanding it difficult;
imagining a disaster is easier
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12.  Difference between emergency
operations and long-term outlook of
adaptation: role of humanitarian relief in
disaster operations not consistent with
risk and vulnerability reduction
approach, nor with long-term outlook of
adaptation
 Disaster risk reduction uses less
‘technical’ language than climate change
science and policy.
Markos 12

13.  DRR tackles the risks of geophysical hazards
(like volcanoes and earthquakes), whereas
adaptation does not.
 Adaptation also considers the long-term
adjustment to changes in mean climatic
condition, including the opportunities that this
can provide, whereas DRR is predominantly
interested in extremes.
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18.  CCA strategies aim to reduce vulnerability to
expected impacts of climate change.
 The concept of CCA is broad
 CCA strategies exist across local and global
scales, from community level responses
through to local, national and international
government interventions.
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19.  community level strategies
 improvements to agricultural systems such as crop
diversification or the introduction of hazard resistant
crop varieties
 risk assessments and associated plans
 the protection of natural resources
 early warning systems
 education and awareness measures and protection
of water resources
Markos 19

20.  At the national
 level for least developed countries, some
countries have developed National Adaptation
 Programmes of Action (NAPAs). NAPAs
identify areas in which adaptation strategies
are
 essential in mitigating against adverse climate
change effects.
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21.  DRR and CCA need more integrated approach
 The institutional frameworks, political
processes, funding mechanisms, information
exchange and practitioner communities have
developed independently and remain largely
separate to date.
Markos 21

22.  There is no systematic integration of
disaster risk management and climate
change adaptation
 Government departments responsible for
poverty and DRR are in some cases aware
of vulnerability to extreme climate events,
but have no means of co-ordination
Markos 22

23.  Confusion over similarities and differences
 Concern over different approaches
 Lack of clarity regarding how integration is
achieved
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